Ancient Egypt

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Aah

Aah (also known as Aa, Ah, Aos, Iah, Aah Tehuti, Aah Te-huti) is a lunar god from Egyptian mythology, and is responsible for the creation of the Egyptian calendar, which has 30 days per month and is 12 months long. Aah's name meant "moon", in...

Aken

The chief deity in Egyptian mythology, Ra, when considered as a sun god, was thought to traverse the daytime sky in a boat, and cross the underworld at night in another one, named Meseket. As the mythology developed, so did the idea that the boat...

Aker

In Egyptian mythology, Aker (also spelt Akar) was one of the earliest gods worshipped, and was the deification of the horizon. There are strong indications that Aker was worshipped before other known Egyptian gods of the earth, such as Geb. Aker...

Am-heh

In Egyptian mythology, Am-heh was a minor god from the underworld, whose name means "devourer of millions". He was depicted as a man with the head of a dog who lived in a lake of fire. Am-heh could only be controlled by the god Atum. He is sometimes...

Amun

Amun, reconstructed Egyptian Yamānu (also spelled Amon, Amoun, Amen, Zeus Amun, and rarely Imen or Yamun, Greek Ἄμμων Ammon, and Ἅμμων Hammon), was a god in Egyptian and Berber mythology who in the form of Amun-Ra became the focus of the most...

Andjety

Andjety is an Ancient Egyptian deity whose name is associated with the city of Andjet, which in the Greek language was called Busiris. This deity is also known by the alternative names Anezti or Anedjti. Andjety is considered one of the earliest...

Anhur

In early Egyptian mythology, Anhur (also spelled Onuris, Onouris, An-Her, Anhuret, Han-Her, Inhert) was originally a god of war who was worshipped in the Egyptian area of Abydos, and particularly in Thinis. Myths told that he had brought his wife,...

Anti

In Egyptian mythology, Anti (Antaeus in Greek, but probably not connected to the Antaeus in Greek mythology) was a god whose worship centred at Antaeopolis, in the northern part of Upper Egypt. His worship is quite ancient, dating from at least the...

Anubis

Anubis ( /əˈnuːbəs/ or /əˈnjuːbəs/; Ancient Greek: Ἄνουβις) is the Greek name for a jackal-headed god associated with mummification and the afterlife in ancient Egyptian religion. He is the son of the Nephthys and Set according to the Egyptian...

Apis

In Egyptian mythology, Apis or Hapis (alternatively spelled Hapi-ankh), is a bull-deity that was worshipped in the Memphis region. According to Manetho, his worship was instituted by Kaiechos of the Second Dynasty. Hape (Apis) is named on very early...

Ash

Ash was the ancient Egyptian god of oases, as well as the Vineyards of the western Nile Delta and thus was viewed as a benign deity. Flinders-Petrie in his 1923 expedition to the Saqqara (also spelt Sakkara) found several references to Ash in Old...

Aten

Aten (also Aton, Egyptian jtn) is the disk of the sun in ancient Egyptian mythology, and originally an aspect of Ra. The deified Aten is the focus of the monolatristic, henotheistic, or monotheistic religion of Atenism established by Amenhotep IV,...

Atum

Atum /ɑ-tum/, sometimes rendered as Atem or Tem, is the supreme deity in Egyptian mythology. In the Book of the Dead, which was still current in the Graeco-Roman period, the sun god Atum is said to have ascended from chaos-waters with the appearance...

Ba-Pef

Ba-Pef was a minor underworld god in Egyptian mythology. The name literally means that Ba, meaning that soul (ba ). Ba-Pef is commonly portrayed as an obscure malevolent deity known from the Old Kingdom. During the Old and Middle Kingdom the...

Babi

In Egyptian mythology, Babi, also Baba, was the deification of the baboon, one of the animals present in Egypt. His name is usually translated as Bull of the baboons, and roughly means Alpha male of all baboons, i.e. chief of the baboons. Since...

Bata

Bata from Saka is an Egyptian bull-god of the New Kingdom, who represents together with Anubis the 17th Upper Egyptian Nome. Until the middle of the Eighteenth Dynasty Bata was represented as a ram and later as a bull. Bata is probably identical...

Bes

Bes (; also spelled as Bisu) is an Ancient Egyptian deity worshipped as a protector of households, and in particular, of mothers and children and childbirth. Bes later came to be regarded as the defender of everything good and the enemy of all that...

Chenti-cheti

In Egyptian mythology, Khenti-kheti (also spelt Chenti-cheti), was a crocodile-god, though he was later represented as a falcon-god. His name means "foremost retreater".

Duamutef

Duamutef was one of the Four Sons of Horus and a protection god of the Canopic jars. Commonly he is said to be the son of the god Horus the Elder (Heru-ur) and the goddess Isis. There is another myth that describes Duamutef and his brothers as sons...

Geb

Geb was the Egyptian god of the Earth and a member of the Ennead of Heliopolis. It was believed in ancient Egypt that Geb's laughter were earthquakes and that he allowed crops to grow. The name was pronounced as such from the Greek period onward and...

Ha

In Egyptian mythology, Ha was a god of the deserts to the west of Egypt. He was associated with the underworld (Duat) and pictured as a man wearing the symbol for desert hills on his head. As Lord of the desert Ha fought off enemies from the west,...

Hapi

Hapi, sometimes transliterated as Hapy, is one of the Four sons of Horus in ancient Egyptian religion, depicted in funerary literature as protecting the throne of Osiris in the Underworld. He is not to be confused with another god of the same name....

Hapy

Hapi, sometimes transliterated as Hapy, not to be confused with another god of the same name, was a deification of the annual flooding (inundation) of the Nile River in Ancient Egyptian religion, which deposited rich silt on its banks, allowing the...

Heka

In Egyptian mythology, Heka (Ḥkȝ) also spelt Hike, was the deification of magic, his name being the Egyptian word for magic. According to Egyptian writing (Coffin text, spell 261), Heka existed "before duality had yet come into being." The term ...

Hemen

In Egyptian mythology, Hemen was a falcon–god. Often worshipped as a divine entity unified with Horus,as Horus-Hemen lord of Asphynis or Horakhte-Hemen of Hefat W. M. Flinders Petrie refers to Hemen as a god of Tuphium. Hemen is also used for the...

Hermanubis

In classical mythology, Hermanubis (Greek: Ἑρμανοῦβις) was a god who combined Hermes (Greek mythology) with Anubis (Egyptian mythology). He is the son of Osiris and Nephthys. Hermes and Anubis's similar responsibilities (they were both conductors of...

Heryshaf

In Egyptian mythology, Heryshaf, or Hershef, (Egyptian Ḥry-š=f "He who is on his lake"), transcribed in Greek as Harsaphes (Ἁρσαφής) was an ancient ram-god whose cult was centered in Herakleopolis Magna (now Ihnasiyyah al-Madinah). He was identified...

Horus

Horus is one of the oldest and most significant deities in ancient Egyptian religion, who was worshipped from at least the late Predynastic period through to Greco-Roman times. Different forms of Horus are recorded in history and these are treated...

Hu

In Egyptian mythology, Hu (ḥw) is the deification of the first word, the word of creation, that Atum was said to have exclaimed upon ejaculating or, alternatively, his self-castration, in his masturbatory act of creating the Ennead. Hu is mentioned...

Huh

In Egyptian mythology, Huh (also Heh, Hah, Hauh, Huah, Hahuh) was the deification of eternity in the Ogdoad, his name itself meaning "endlessness". As a concept, he was androgynous, his female form being known as Hauhet, which is simply the feminine...

Imhotep

Imhotep (sometimes spelled Immutef, Im-hotep, or Ii-em-Hotep; called Imuthes (Ἰμούθης) by the Greeks), fl. 27th century BC (circa 2650-2600 BC) (Egyptian ỉỉ-m-ḥtp *jā-im-ḥātap meaning "the one who comes in peace, is with peace") was an Egyptian...

Imset

In Egyptian mythology, Imseti (also transcribed Imset, Amset, sety, Mesti, and Mesta) was a funerary deity, one of the Four sons of Horus, who were associated with the canopic jars, specifically the one which contained the liver. Unlike his brothers...

Iusaaset

Iusaaset ("the great one who comes forth") is the name of a primal goddess in Ancient Egyptian religion. She also is described as "the grandmother of all of the deities". This allusion is without any reference to a grandfather, so there might have...

Khepri

This article is about the Egyptian god. For the type of robot, see Khepera mobile robot. In Egyptian mythology, Khepri (also spelled Khepera, Kheper, Chepri, Khepra) is the name of a major god. Khepri is associated with the dung beetle (kheper),...

Chnum

In Egyptian mythology, Khnum (also spelled Chnum, Knum, or Khnemu) was one of the earliest Egyptian deities, originally the god of the source of the Nile River. Since the annual flooding of the Nile brought with it silt and clay, and its water...

Chons

Khonsu (alternately Chonsu, Khensu, Khons, Chons or Khonshu) is an Ancient Egyptian god whose main role was associated with the moon. His name means "traveller" and this may relate to the nightly travel of the moon across the sky. Along with Thoth...

Kneph

In Ancient Egyptian religious art, Kneph refers of a motif, variously a winged egg, a globe surrounded by one or more serpents, or Amun in the form of a serpent called Kematef. Some Theosophical sources tried to syncretize this motif with the deity...

Kuk

Kuk (also spelled as Kek and Keku) is the deification of the primordial concept of darkness in Egyptian mythology. In the Ogdoad cosmogony, his name meant darkness. As a concept, Kuk was viewed as androgynous, his female form being known as Kauket ...

Maahes

Maahes (also spelled Mihos, Miysis, Mios, Maihes, and Mahes) was an ancient Egyptian lion-headed god of war, whose name means "he who is true beside her". He was seen as the son of the feline goddess (Bast in Lower Egypt or Sekhmet in Upper Egypt)...

Mandulis

The Temple of Kalabsha in Nubia was dedicated to Mandulis which was a Nubian form of Horus. A cult dedicated to Mandulis can also be found in Egypt, at Philae. Mandulis was often depicted wearing an elaborate headdress of ram's horns, cobras and...

Mehen

In Ancient Egypt the name Mehen meaning 'coiled one' refers to a mythological snake-god and to a game. The earliest references to Mehen occur in the Coffin Texts. Mehen is a protective deity who is depicted as a snake which coils around the sun god...

Min

Min is an Ancient Egyptian god whose cult originated in predynastic times (4th millennium BC). He was represented in many different forms, but was often represented in male human form, shown with an erect penis which he holds in his left hand and an...

Menthu

In Ancient Egyptian religion, Monthu was a falcon-god of war. Monthu's name, shown in Egyptian hieroglyphs to the right, is technically transcribed as mntw. Because of the difficulty in transcribing Egyptian, it is often realized as Montu, Montju,...

Naunet

In Egyptian mythology, Nu ("Watery One") or Nun ("The Inert One") is the deification of the primordial watery abyss. In the Ogdoad cosmogony, the name nu means "abyss". The Ancient Egyptians envisaged the oceanic abyss of the Nun as surrounding a...

Neper

In Egyptian mythology, Neper (alts. Nepra or Nepri) was a god of grain, while Nepit was a goddess of grain, and the female counterpart of Neper. Pictured in human form, Nepri is often depicted as a child suckled by Renenutet. Nepri's body was...

Osiris

Osiris ( /oʊˈsaɪərɨs/; Ancient Greek: Ὄσιρις, also Usiris; the Egyptian language name is variously transliterated Asar, Asari, Aser, Ausar, Ausir, Wesir, Usir, Usire or Ausare) is an Egyptian god, usually identified as the god of the afterlife, the...

Petbe

In Egyptian mythology, Petbe was the god of revenge, worshiped in the area around Akhmin, in central Egypt. His name translates as Sky-Ba, roughly meaning Soul of the Sky, or Mood of the sky. However, Petbe may be a Chaldean deity introduced by...

Ptah

Ptah (Egyptian ptḥ, probably vocalized as Pitaḥ in ancient Egyptian ) was a deity in ancient Egyptian religion. Ptah was the deification of the primordial mound in the Ennead cosmogony, which was more literally referred to as Ta-tenen (also spelled...

Qebehsenuef

Qebehsenuef (His name is variously transliterated as Kebehsennuf, Kebechsenef, Qebshenuf, Qebehsenuf or Kabexnuf, meaning 'He who refreshes his brothers') was one of the sons of Horus in Egyptian mythology, the god of protection and of the West. In...

Ra

Ra ( /rɑː/) (alternatively spelled Re and properly transliterated as Rꜥ) is the ancient Egyptian sun god. By the Fifth Dynasty he had become a major deity in ancient Egyptian religion, identified primarily with the midday sun. The meaning of the...

Rem

In Egyptian mythology, Rem ("to weep") is a fish god who fertilizes the land with its tears. He is the personification of Ra's tears. Rem is also described as a man with a fish head.

Saa

In Egyptian mythology, Sia or Saa was the deification of perception in the Heliopolitan Ennead cosmogony and is probably equivalent to the intellectual energies of the heart of Ptah in the Memphite cosmogeny. He also had a connection with writing...

Seker

Seker or Sokar is a falcon god of the Memphite necropolis. Although the meaning of his name remains uncertain the Egyptians themselves in the Pyramid Texts linked his name to the anguished cry of Osiris to Isis 'Sy-k-ri' ('hurry to me'), in the...

Serapis

Serapis (Σέραπις) or Sarapis (Σάραπις) is a Graeco-Egyptian god. Serapis was devised during the 3rd century BC on the orders of Ptolemy I of Egypt as a means to unify the Greeks and Egyptians in his realm. The god was depicted as Greek in appearance...

Set

Set (; also spelled Seth, Setesh, Sutekh, Setekh or Suty) was a god of the desert, storms, and foreigners in ancient Egyptian religion. In later myths he was also the god of darkness, and chaos. In Ancient Greek, the god's name is given as Σήθ (Seth...

Shezmu

Shezmu (also known as Shesmu, Schezemu, Schesmu, Shesemu, Shezmou, Shesmou, Sezmu and Sesmu) is the ancient Egyptian demonic god of execution, slaughter, blood, oil, wine and perfume. Like many of the gods of Ancient Egypt, Shezmu was of a complex...

Shu

In Egyptian mythology, Shu (meaning emptiness and he who rises up) is one of the primordial gods, a personification of air, one of the Ennead of Heliopolis. He was created by Atum, his father and Iusaaset, his mother in the city of Heliopolis. With...

Sobek

Sobek (also called Sebek, Sochet, Sobk, Sobki, Soknopais), and in Greek, Suchos (Σοῦχος) was the deification of crocodiles, as crocodiles were deeply feared in the nation so dependent on the Nile River. Egyptians who worked or travelled on the Nile...

Sobkou

Sobkou is an Egyptian messenger god. Sobkou Planitia on Mercury is named after him.

Sopdu

In Egyptian mythology, Sopdu (also rendered Septu or Sopedu) was originally the scorching heat of the summer sun. The effects of the scorching of the sun led many ancient cultures to see it as war-like, and the Egyptians were no different in this...
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