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| x Chemotherapy |
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Chemotherapy, in its most general sense, is the treatment of disease by chemicals especially by killing micro-organisms or cancerous cells. In popular usage, it refers to antineoplastic drugs used to treat cancer or the combination of these drugs...
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| x Radiation therapy |
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Radiation therapy (also radiotherapy or radiation oncology, sometimes abbreviated to XRT) is the medical use of ionizing radiation as part of cancer treatment to control malignant cells (not to be confused with radiology, the use of radiation in...
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| x Surgery |
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Surgery (from the Greek: χειρουργική cheirourgikē, via Latin: chirurgiae, meaning "hand work") is a medical specialty that uses operative manual and instrumental techniques on a patient to investigate and/or treat a pathological condition such as...
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| x Cancer immunotherapy |
Cancer immunotherapy is the use of the immune system to reject cancer. The main premise is stimulating the patient's immune system to attack the malignant tumor cells that are responsible for the disease. This can be either through immunization of...
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| x Anorexia |
Anorexia (deriving from the Greek "α(ν)-" (a(n)-, a prefix that denotes absence) + "όρεξη" (orexe) = appetite) is the decreased sensation of appetite. While the term in non-scientific publications is often used interchangeably with anorexia nervosa,...
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| x Back pain |
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Back pain (also known "dorsalgia") is pain felt in the back that usually originates from the muscles, nerves, bones, joints or other structures in the spine.
The pain can often be divided into neck pain, upper back pain, lower back pain or tailbone...
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| x Hematuria |
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In medicine, hematuria, or haematuria, is the presence of red blood cells (erythrocytes) in the urine. It may be idiopathic and/or benign, or it can be a sign that there is a kidney stone or a tumor in the urinary tract (kidneys, ureters, urinary...
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| x Abdominal pain |
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Abdominal pain (or stomach ache) can be one of the symptoms associated with transient disorders or serious disease. Making a definitive diagnosis of the cause of abdominal pain can be difficult, because many diseases can result in this symptom....
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| x Dysuria |
In medicine, specifically urology, dysuria refers to painful urination.
Difficult urination is also sometimes described as dysuria.
It is one of a constellation of irritative bladder symptoms, which includes urinary frequency and haematuria.
This is...
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| x Frequent urination | ||
| x Nipple discharge |
Nipple discharge is the abnormal release of fluid from the nipples of the breasts. It is the third major reason, involving the breasts, for which women seek medical attention, after lumps and breast pain. The risk of nipple discharge increases with...
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| x Inverted nipple |
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An inverted nipple (occasionally invaginated nipple) is a nipple that, instead of pointing outward, is retracted into the breast. In some cases, the nipple will be temporarily protruded if stimulated, but in others, the inversion remains regardless...
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| x Breast lump |
A mass in the mammary gland, either mobile or immobile. Once the mass has reached the size of a small garden pea, it can be detected by palpation. With mammography a larger number of early breast cancers are being detected since this techniques...
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| x Nipple tenderness | ||
| x Mastectomy |
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In medicine, mastectomy is the medical term for the surgical removal of one or both breasts, partially or completely. Mastectomy is usually done to treat breast cancer; in some cases, women and some men believed to be at high risk of breast cancer...
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| x Hormone therapy |
Hormone therapy, or hormonal therapy is the use of hormones in medical treatment. Treatment with hormone antagonists may also referred to as hormonal therapy. Wikipedia has the following articles regarding this topic:
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| x Diarrhea |
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In medicine, diarrhea (from the Greek, "diarrhoia" meaning "a flowing through"), also spelled diarrhoea (see spelling differences), is the condition of having frequent loose or liquid bowel movements. Acute diarrhea is a common cause of death in...
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| x Constipation |
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Constipation, costiveness, or irregularity is a condition of the digestive system in which a person (or animal) experiences hard feces (faeces) that are difficult to expel. This usually happens because the colon absorbs too much water from the food....
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| x Dyspnea |
Dyspnea or dyspnoea (pronounced disp-nee-ah, IPA /dɪsp'niə/), from Latin dyspnoea, from Greek dyspnoia from dyspnoos, shortness of breath) or shortness of breath (SOB) is a debilitating symptom that is the experience of unpleasant or uncomfortable...
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| x Fatigue |
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Fatigue is a major safety concern in many fields, but especially in transportation, because fatigue can result in disastrous accidents. Fatigue is considered an internal precondition for unsafe acts because it negatively affects the human operator's...
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| x Weight loss |
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Weight loss, in the context of medicine, health or physical fitness, is a reduction of the total body mass, due to a mean loss of fluid, body fat or adipose tissue and/or lean mass, namely bone mineral deposits, muscle, tendon and other connective...
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| x Hematochezia |
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Hematochezia is the passage of maroon colored stool . It is distinguished from melena, which is stool with blood that has been altered by the gut flora and appears black/"tarry". It is also different from bright-red blood per rectum (BRBPR)....
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| x Melena |
In medicine, melena or melaena refers to the black, "tarry" feces that are associated with gastrointestinal hemorrhage. The black color is caused by oxidation of the iron in hemoglobin during its passage through the ileum and colon.
Bleeding...
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| x Narrow stools | ||
| x Change in bowel habits | ||
| x Vaccine |
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A vaccine is a biological preparation that improves immunity to a particular disease. A vaccine typically contains a small amount of an agent that resembles a microorganism. The agent stimulates the body's immune system to recognize the agent as...
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| x Immunotherapy |
Immunotherapy is a medical term defined as "Treatment of disease by inducing, enhancing, or suppressing an immune response".
Immunotherapies designed to elicit or amplify an immune response are classified as Activation Immunotherapies....
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| x Cryosurgery |
Cryosurgery (cryotherapy) is the application of extreme cold to destroy abnormal or diseased tissue. The term comes from the Greek words cryo (κρύο) ("icy cold") and surgery (cheirourgiki - χειρουργική) meaning "hand work" or "handiwork"....
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| x Mohs surgery |
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Mohs surgery, also known as chemosurgery, created by a general surgeon, Dr. Frederic E. Mohs, is microscopically controlled surgery that is highly effective for common types of skin cancer. It is one of the many methods of obtaining complete margin...
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| x Mole |
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A melanocytic nevus (also known as a "Banal nevus," and "Nevocytic nevus") is a type of lesion that contains nevus cells.
Some sources equate the term "mole" with "melanocytic nevus". Other sources reserve the term "mole" for other purposes....
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| x Skin ulcer |
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A skin ulcer is a form of ulcer which forms on the skin.
Types include Pyoderma gangrenosum and Buruli ulcer.
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| x Skin lesion |
A skin lesion is a superficial growth or patch of the skin that does not resemble the area surrounding it. They may take the form of bumps, blisters, or general sores. While many are benign (such as moles or freckles) some are the result of toxins ...
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| x Anemia |
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Anemia (pronounced /əˈniːmiə/, also spelled anaemia or anæmia; from Ancient Greek ἀναιμία anaimia, meaning "lack of blood") is a decrease in normal number of red blood cells (RBCs) or less than the normal quantity of hemoglobin in the blood. However...
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| x Vaginal bleeding |
Vaginal bleeding refers to bleeding in females that is either a physiologic response during the non-conceptional menstrual cycle or caused by hormonal or organic problems of the reproductive system. Vaginal bleeding may occur at any age, but always...
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| x Abnormal vaginal discharge |
Abnormal vaginal discharge is characterized by a change of color, consistency, volume, or odor and can all be signs of infection or other more serious disorders.
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| x Pelvic pain |
Pelvic pain refers to pain that occurs in the pelvic region or in the lower abdomen area.
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| x Infection |
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An infection is the detrimental colonization of a host organism by a foreign species. In an infection, the infecting organism seeks to utilize the host's resources to multiply, usually at the expense of the host. The infecting organism, or pathogen,...
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| x Pyrexia |
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Fever (also known as pyrexia, from the Greek pyretos meaning fire, or a febrile response, from the Latin word febris, meaning fever, and archaically known as ague) is a frequent medical sign that describes an increase in internal body temperature to...
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| x Nausea |
Nausea (Latin: Nausea, from Greek: Ναυτία, "sea-sickness", also called wamble) is the sensation of unease and discomfort in the upper stomach and head with an urge to vomit.
Nausea is also an adverse effect of many drugs, opiates in particular, and...
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| x Headache |
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A condition which is characterized by severe pain in the head.
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| x Hemorrhage |
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Bleeding, technically known as hemorrhaging or haemorrhaging (see American and British spelling differences) is the loss of blood or blood escape from the circulatory system. Bleeding can occur internally, where blood leaks from blood vessels inside...
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| x Arthralgia |
Arthralgia (from Greek arthro-, joint + -algos, pain) literally means joint pain; it is a symptom of injury, infection, illnesses (in particular arthritis) or an allergic reaction to medication.
According to MeSH, the term "arthralgia" should only...
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| x Dizziness |
Dizziness refers to an impairment in spatial perception and stability. It is considered imprecise. It can be used to mean vertigo, presyncope, disequilibrium, or for a non-specific feeling such as giddiness or foolishness.
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| x Lymphadenopathy |
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Lymphadenopathy is a term meaning "disease of the lymph nodes." It is, however, almost synonymously used with "swollen/enlarged lymph nodes". It could be due to infection, auto-immune disease, or malignancy.
Inflammation of a lymph node is called...
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| x Malaise |
Malaise (IPA /mə'leɪz/, mal-aze) is a feeling of general discomfort or uneasiness, an "out of sorts" feeling, often the first indication of an infection or other disease. Malaise is often defined in medicinal research as a "general feeling of being...
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| x Sleep hyperhidrosis |
Sleep hyperhidrosis, more commonly known as the night sweats, is the occurrence of excessive sweating (hyperhidrosis) during sleep. The sufferer may or may not also suffer from excessive perspiration while awake.
Sleep hyperhidrosis may occur at any...
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| x Bone pain |
The term 'Bone pain' (or Ostealgia, or Osteodynia) generally is used to refer to pain felt within a bone. Bone pain is not to be confused with arthritis pain, where is a catch-all phrase meaning pain in a joint, typically with inflammation and...
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| x Stem cell transplantation |
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Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) or bone marrow transplantation is a medical procedure in the field of hematology and oncology that involves transplantation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC). It is most often performed for people with...
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| x Dysphagia |
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Dysphagia is the medical term for the symptom of difficulty in swallowing. Although classified under "symptoms and signs" in ICD-10, the term is sometimes used as a condition in its own right. Sufferers are sometimes unaware of their dysphagia.
It...
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| x Cough |
A cough ( pronunciation (help·info) Latin: tussis), in medicine, is a sudden and often repetitively occurring defense reflex which helps to clear the large breathing passages from excess secretions, irritants, foreign particles and microbes. The...
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| x Hemoptysis |
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Hemoptysis or haemoptysis is the expectoration (coughing up) of blood or of blood-stained sputum from the bronchi, larynx, trachea, or lungs (e.g. in tuberculosis or other respiratory infections).
This can be due to bronchitis or pneumonia most...
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| x Cachexia |
Cachexia (pronounced /kəˈkɛksiə/) is loss of weight, muscle atrophy, fatigue, weakness and significant loss of appetite in someone who is not actively trying to lose weight. The formal definition of cachexia is the loss of body mass that cannot be...
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| x Chest pain |
In medicine, chest pain is a number of serious conditions and is generally considered a medical emergency. Even though it may be determined that the chest pain is non-cardiac in origin, this is often a diagnosis of exclusion made after ruling out...
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| x Clubbing |
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In medicine, clubbing (also known as "Drumstick fingers," "Hippocratic fingers," and "Watch-glass nails") is a deformity of the fingers and fingernails that is associated with a number of diseases, mostly of the heart and lungs. Idiopathic clubbing...
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| x Wheeze |
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A wheeze is a continuous, coarse, whistling sound produced in the respiratory airways during breathing. For wheezes to occur, some part of the respiratory tree must be narrowed or obstructed, or airflow velocity within the respiratory tree must be...
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| x Dysphonia |
Dysphonia is the medical term for disorders of the voice: an impairment in the ability to produce voice sounds using the vocal organs (it is distinct from dysarthria which means disorders of speech, that is, an impairment in the ability to produce...
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| x Indigestion |
Indigestion is a condition that is frequently caused by eating too fast, especially by eating high-fat foods quickly.
Symptoms of indigestion are as follows:
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| x Bloating |
Bloating is any abnormal general swelling, or increase in diameter of the abdominal area. As a symptom, the patient feels a full and tight abdomen, which may cause abdominal pain sometimes accompanied by increased borborygmus or more seriously the...
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| x Urinary Frequency |
urination at short intervals; it may result from increased urine formation, decreased bladder capacity, or lower urinary tract irritation.
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| x Pancreaticoduodenectomy |
A pancreaticoduodenectomy, pancreatoduodenectomy, Whipple procedure, or Kausch-Whipple procedure, is a major surgical operation involving the pancreas, duodenum, and other organs. This operation is performed to treat cancerous tumours on the head of...
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