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An infectious disease is a clinically evident human disease resulting from the presence of pathogenic microbial agents, like pathogenic viruses, pathogenic bacteria, fungi, protozoa, multicellular parasites, and prions. To be considered an infectious disease, such pathogens are known to be able to...
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269 Infectious disease topics matching:
Filter this Collection| x name | x image | x Epidemics | x article |
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| x Chickenpox |
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Chickenpox or chicken pox is a highly contagious illness caused by primary infection with varicella zoster virus (VZV). It usually starts with vesicular skin rash mainly on the body and head rather than at the periphery and become itchy raw...
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| x Cholera |
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Third cholera pandemic |
Cholera, sometimes known as Asiatic or epidemic cholera, is an infectious gastroenteritis caused by enterotoxin-producing strains of the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. Transmission to humans occurs through eating food or drinking water contaminated with...
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| First cholera pandemic | |||
| Fifth cholera pandemic | |||
| Seventh cholera pandemic | |||
| Sixth cholera pandemic | |||
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| x HIV infection |
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Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a lentivirus (a member of the retrovirus family) that causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), a condition in humans in which the immune system begins to fail, leading to life-threatening opportunistic...
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| x Cytomegalovirus |
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Cytomegalovirus (from the Greek cyto-, "cell", and -megalo-, "large") is a herpes viral genus of the Herpesviruses group: in humans it is commonly known as HCMV or Human Herpesvirus 5 (HHV-5). CMV belongs to the Betaherpesvirinae subfamily of...
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| x Tinea pedis |
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Athlete's foot (also known as ringworm of the foot and tinea pedis) is a fungal infection of the skin that causes scaling, flaking, and itch of affected areas. It is typically transmitted in moist areas where people walk barefoot, such as showers or...
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| x Bubonic plague |
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Third Pandemic |
Plague is a deadly infectious disease caused by the enterobacteria Yersinia pestis (Pasteurella pestis). Primarily carried by rodents (most notably rats) and spread to humans via fleas, the disease is notorious throughout history, due to the...
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| Plague Riot | |||
| Great Plague of Marseille | |||
| Plague of Justinian | |||
| Italian Plague of 1629-1631 | |||
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| x Tuberculosis |
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Tuberculosis (TB) is a common and often deadly infectious disease caused by mycobacteria, usually Mycobacterium tuberculosis in humans. Tuberculosis usually attacks the lungs but can also affect other parts of the body. It is spread through the air,...
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| x Feline spongiform encephalopathy |
Feline spongiform encephalopathy is a disease that affects the brains and livers of felines. It is caused by proteins called prions.
Feline spongiform encephalopathy (FSE) is a prion disease thought to be related to Bovine spongiform encephalopathy ...
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| x Chronic wasting disease |
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Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE) of mule deer, whitetailed deer, elk (wapiti), and moose. TSEs are caused by unusual infectious agents known as prions. To date, CWD has been found mainly in cervids ...
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| x Bovine spongiform encephalopathy |
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Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), commonly known as mad-cow disease (MCD), is a fatal, neurodegenerative disease in cattle, that causes a spongy degeneration in the brain and spinal cord. BSE has a long incubation period, about 4 years,...
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| x Syphilis |
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Syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease caused by the spirochetal bacterium Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum. The route of transmission of syphilis is almost always through sexual contact, although there are examples of congenital syphilis...
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| x Human papillomavirus infection |
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A human papillomavirus (HPV) is a papillomavirus that infects the epidermis and mucous membranes of humans. HPV can lead to cancers of the cervix, vulva, vagina, and anus in women. In men, it can lead to cancers of the anus and penis.
Approximately...
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| x Chlamydia |
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Chlamydia infection (from the Greek, χλαμύδα meaning "cloak") is a common sexually transmitted infection (STI) in humans caused by the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis. The term Chlamydia infection can also refer to infection caused by any species...
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| x Herpes simplex |
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Herpes simplex (Ancient Greek: ἕρπης - herpes, lit. "creeping") is a viral disease caused by both herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) and herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2). Infection with the herpes virus is categorized into one of several distinct...
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| x Gonorrhoea |
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Gonorrhea (also gonorrhoea) is a common sexually transmitted infection caused by the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae (also called Gonococcus, which is often abbreviated as "GC" by clinicians). In the US, its incidence is second only to chlamydia...
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| x Bacterial vaginosis |
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Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is the most common cause of vaginal infection. It is less commonly referred to as vaginal bacteriosis. It is not considered to be a sexually transmitted infection (see causes below). BV is caused by an imbalance of naturally...
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| x Candidiasis |
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Candidiasis or thrush is a fungal infection (mycosis) of any of the Candida species, of which Candida albicans is the most common. Candidiasis encompasses infections that range from superficial, such as oral thrush and vaginitis, to systemic and...
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| x Chancroid |
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Chancroid (also known as "Soft chancre" and "Ulcus molle") is a sexually transmitted infection characterized by painful sores on the genitalia. Chancroid is known to be spread from one to another individual through sexual contact.
Chancroid is a...
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| x Crab louse |
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The pubic or crab louse, colloquially termed "crabs" or "Fullers" (Pthirus pubis, commonly misspelled Phthirus pubis) is a parasitic insect species notorious for infesting human genitals. The species may also live on other areas with hair, including...
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| x Donovanosis |
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Granuloma inguinale (also known as "Donovanosis" and "Granuloma venereum") is a bacterial disease that has reached endemic proportions in many underdeveloped regions. Because of the scarcity of medical treatment, the disease often goes untreated....
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| x Hepatitis B |
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Hepatitis B is a disease caused by hepatitis B virus (HBV) which infects the liver of hominoidae, including humans, and causes an inflammation called hepatitis. Originally known as "serum hepatitis", the disease has caused epidemics in parts of Asia...
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| x Human T-lymphotropic virus |
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HTLV-I is an abbreviation for the human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1, also called the Adult T-cell lymphoma virus type 1, a virus that has been seriously implicated in several kinds of diseases including HTLV-I-associated myelopathy,...
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| x Kaposi's sarcoma |
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A malignant neoplasm characterized by a vascular proliferation which usually contains blunt endothelial cells. Erythrocyte extravasation and hemosiderin deposition are frequently present. The most frequent site of involvement is the skin; however it...
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| x Lymphogranuloma venereum |
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Lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV, also known as lymphopathia venerea, tropical bubo, climatic bubo, strumous bubo, poradenitis inguinales, Durand-Nicolas-Favre disease and lymphogranuloma inguinale) is a sexually transmitted disease caused by the...
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| x Molluscum contagiosum |
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Molluscum contagiosum (MC) is a viral infection of the skin or occasionally of the mucous membranes. MC has no animal reservoir, infecting only humans, as did smallpox. However, there are different pox viruses that infect many other mammals. The...
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| x Non-gonococcal urethritis |
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Non-gonococcal urethritis (NGU) is an inflammation of the urethra which is not caused by gonorrheal infection.
For treatment purposes, doctors usually classify infectious urethritis in two categories: gonococcocal urethritis, caused by gonorrhea;...
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| x Trichomoniasis |
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Trichomoniasis, sometimes referred to as "trich", is a common cause of vaginitis. It is a sexually transmitted disease. It is caused by the single-celled protozoan parasite Trichomonas vaginalis. Trichomoniasis is primarily an infection of the...
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| x Pelvic inflammatory disease |
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Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is an acute or chronic inflammation in the pelvic cavity. It is most commonly caused by sexually transmitted diseases, including chlamydia and gonorrhea, that have ascended into the uterus, fallopian tubes, or...
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| x Jock itch |
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Tinea cruris, also known informally as crotch itch, crotch rot or jock itch in American English and dhobi itch or scrot rot in British English, is a dermatophyte fungal infection of the groin region in either sex, though more often seen in males.
As...
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| x Severe acute respiratory syndrome |
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Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS; pronounced /sɑrz/, sarz) is a respiratory disease in humans which is caused by the SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV). There has been one near pandemic to date, between the months of November 2002 and July 2003,...
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| x Smallpox |
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1972 outbreak of smallpox in Yugoslavia |
Smallpox is an infectious disease unique to humans, caused by either of two virus variants, Variola major and Variola minor. The disease is also known by the Latin names Variola or Variola vera, which is a derivative of the Latin varius, meaning...
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| x Yellow fever |
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Yellow Fever Epidemic of 1793 |
Yellow fever is a disease caused by infection with the yellow fever virus. The virus is a 40 to 50 nm enveloped RNA virus with positive sense of the Flaviviridae family.
The virus is transmitted by the bite of mosquitos (the yellow fever mosquito,...
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| x Dengue fever |
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Dengue fever (pronounced UK: /ˈdɛŋɡeɪ/, US: /ˈdɛŋɡiː/) and dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) are acute febrile diseases which occur in the tropics, can be life-threatening, and are caused by four closely related virus serotypes of the genus Flavivirus,...
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| x Malaria |
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Malaria is a mosquito-borne infectious disease caused by a eukaryotic protist of the genus Plasmodium. It is widespread in tropical and subtropical regions, including parts of the Americas, Asia, and Africa. Each year, there are approximately 350...
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| x St. Louis Encephalitis |
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St. Louis Encephalitis is a disease caused by the Culex mosquito borne St. Louis Encephalitis virus. St. Louis encephalitis virus is related to Japanese encephalitis virus and is a member of the Flaviviridae subgroup. This disease mainly affects the...
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| x Bubonic plague |
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Bubonic plague is the best known manifestation of the bacterial disease plague, caused by the Gram-negative bacterium Yersinia pestis (formerly known as Pasteurella pestis). It belongs to the family Enterobacteriaceae. The term "bubonic plague" was...
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| x Tick-borne meningoencephalitis |
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Tick-borne meningoencephalitis or Tick-borne encephalitis is a tick-borne viral infection of the central nervous system affecting humans as well as most other mammals. It is caused by the tick-borne encephalitis virus.
The number of cases has been...
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| x Rocky Mountain spotted fever |
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Rocky Mountain spotted fever is the most lethal and most frequently reported rickettsial illness in the United States. It has been diagnosed throughout the Americas. Some synonyms for Rocky Mountain spotted fever in other countries include “tick...
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| x Lyme disease |
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Lyme disease, or borreliosis, is an emerging infectious disease caused by at least three species of bacteria belonging to the genus Borrelia. Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato is the main cause of Lyme disease in the United States, whereas Borrelia...
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| x Hantavirus |
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Hantaviruses belong to the Bunyaviridae family of viruses. The Bunyaviridae family is divided into 5 genera: Orthobunyavirus, Nairovirus, Phlebovirus, Tospovirus, and Hantavirus. Like all members of this family, hantaviruses have genomes comprising...
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| x Chagas disease |
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Chagas disease (Portuguese: doença de Chagas, Spanish: enfermedad de Chagas-Mazza, mal de Chagas in both languages; also called American trypanosomiasis) is a tropical parasitic disease caused by the flagellate protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi. T. cruzi...
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| x Rabies |
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Rabies (pronounced /ˈreɪbiːz/. From Latin: rabies) is a viral neuroinvasive disease that causes acute encephalitis (inflammation of the brain) in warm-blooded animals. It is zoonotic (i.e., transmitted by animals), most commonly by a bite from an...
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| x West Nile virus |
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West Nile virus (WNV) is a virus of the family Flaviviridae. Part of the Japanese encephalitis (JE) antigenic complex of viruses, it is found in both tropical and temperate regions. It mainly infects birds, but is known to infect humans, horses,...
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| x Meningitis |
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Meningitis is inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord, known collectively as the meninges. The inflammation may be caused by infection with viruses, bacteria, or other microorganisms, and less commonly by certain...
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| x Common cold |
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The common cold (viral upper respiratory tract infection (VURI), acute viral nasopharyngitis, acute viral rhinopharyngitis, acute coryza, or a cold) is a contagious, viral infectious disease of the upper respiratory system, primarily caused by...
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| x Influenza |
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Spanish flu |
Influenza, commonly referred to as the flu, is an infectious disease caused by RNA viruses of the family Orthomyxoviridae (the influenza viruses), that affects birds and mammals. The name influenza is Italian and means "influence" (Latin: influentia...
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| x Mumps |
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Mumps and epidemic parotitis is a viral disease of the human species, caused by the mumps virus. Prior to the development of vaccination and the introduction of a vaccine, it was a common childhood disease worldwide, and is still a significant...
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| x Strep throat |
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Streptococcal pharyngitis or streptococcal sore throat (strep throat AmE) is a form of group A streptococcal infection that affects the pharynx and possibly the larynx and tonsils.
Streptococcal pharyngitis usually appears suddenly with a severe...
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| x Measles |
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Measles is an infection of the respiratory system caused by a virus, specifically a paramyxovirus of the genus Morbillivirus. Morbilliviruses, like other paramyxoviruses, are enveloped, single-stranded, negative-sense RNA viruses. Symptoms include...
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| x Rubella |
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Rubella, commonly known as German measles, is a disease caused by the rubella virus. The name "rubella" is derived from the Latin, meaning little red. Rubella is also known as German measles because the disease was first described by German...
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| x Pertussis |
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Pertussis, also known as the whooping cough, is a highly contagious disease caused by the bacterium Bordetella pertussis. It is known to last for a duration of approximately 6 weeks before subsiding. The disease derives its name from the "whoop"...
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| x Hepatitis A |
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Hepatitis A (formerly known as infectious hepatitis) is an acute infectious disease of the liver caused by the hepatitis A virus (HAV), which is most commonly transmitted by the fecal-oral route via contaminated food or drinking water. Every year,...
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| x Poliomyelitis |
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Poliomyelitis, often called polio or infantile paralysis, is an acute viral infectious disease spread from person to person, primarily via the fecal-oral route. The term derives from the Greek poliós (πολιός), meaning "grey", myelós (µυελός),...
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| x Salmonellosis |
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Salmonellosis is an infection with Salmonella bacteria. Most people who get infected with Salmonella develop diarrhea, fever, vomiting, and abdominal cramps, 12 to 72 hours after infection. In most cases, the illness lasts 3 to 7 days; most affected...
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| x Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease |
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Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease or CJD (pronounced /ˈkrɔɪtsfɛlt ˈjɑkɔp/) (sometimes incorrectly referred to as mad cow disease) is a degenerative neurological disorder (brain disease) that is incurable and invariably fatal. It is the most common among the...
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| x Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus |
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Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a bacterium responsible for several difficult-to-treat infections in humans. It may also be referred to as multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus or oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ...
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| x Mononucleosis |
Mononucleosis is a condition where there is an unusual proliferation of lymphocytes in the blood due to an infection with the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) . These atypical lymphocytes resembled "monocytes" when they were first discovered; thus the term...
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| x Ure2p |
Ure2p is a yeast protein that represses transcription of genes involved in nitrogen catabolism. It specifically regulates the utilization of poor nitrogen sources in the presence of preferred nutrients such as ammonia or glutamine. Ure2p is one of...
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| x Sup35p |
Sup35p is the Saccharomyces cerevisiae (a yeast) eukaryotic translation termination factor. More specifically, it is the yeast eukaryotic release factor 3 (eRF3), which forms the translation termination complex with eRF1 (Sup45p in yeast). This...
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| x Scrapie |
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Scrapie is a fatal, degenerative disease that affects the nervous systems of sheep and goats. It is one of several transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs), which are related to bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE or "mad cow disease") and...
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