Mathematics

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table started by lukeschubert for the Mathematics Base
Any one of a number of discrete objects that make up a set.
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x 1 1 Natural number
1 (one;  /ˈwʌn/ or UK /ˈwɒn/) is a number, a numeral, and the name of the glyph representing that number. It represents a single entity, the unit of counting or measurement. For example, a line segment of "unit length" is a line segment of length 1....
x 2 Evolution2glyph  
2 (Two; /ˈtuː/) is a number, numeral, and glyph. It is the natural number following 1 and preceding 3. Two has many properties in mathematics. An integer is called even if it is divisible by 2. For integers written in a numeral system based on an...
x 3 3  
3 (three;  /ˈθriː/) is a number, numeral, and glyph. It is the natural number following 2 and preceding 4. It is frequently noted by historians of numbers that early counting systems often relied on the three-patterned concept of "One- Two- Many" to...
x 4 Evolution4glyph  
4 (four; /ˈfɔər/) is a number, numeral, and glyph. It is the natural number following 3 and preceding 5. Four is the smallest composite number, its proper divisors being 1 and 2. Four is also a highly composite number. The next highly composite...
x 5 Evolution5glyph  
5 (five /ˈfaɪv/) is a number, numeral, and glyph. It is the natural number following 4 and preceding 6. Five is the third prime number. Because it can be written as 2+1, five is classified as a Fermat prime; therefore a regular polygon with 5 sides ...
x 6 6 Perfect number
6 (six/ˈsɪks/) is the natural number following 5 and preceding 7. The SI prefix for 1000 is exa (E), and for its reciprocal atto- (a). Six is the second smallest composite number, its proper divisors being 1, 2 and 3. Since six equals the sum of...
x 7    
7 (seven;/ˈsɛvən/) is the natural number following 6 and preceding 8. In fact, if one sorts the digits in the number 142857 in ascending order, 124578, it is possible to know from which of the digits the decimal part of the number is going to begin...
x 8 8  
8 (eight /ˈeɪt/) is the natural number following 7 and preceding 9. The SI prefix for 1000 is yotta (Y), and for its reciprocal, yocto (y). It is the root word of two other numbers: eighteen (eight and ten) and eighty (eight tens). Linguistically,...
x 9 9  
9 (nine /ˈnaɪn/) is the natural number following 8 and preceding 10. The ordinal adjective is ninth. According to Georges Ifrah, the origin of the 9 integers can be attributed to the ancient Indian civilization, and was adopted by subsequent...
x 10 10 playing cards  
10 (ten /ˈtɛn/) is an even natural number following 9 and preceding 11. Ten is the base of the decimal numeral system, by far the most common system of denoting numbers in both spoken and written language. The reason for the choice of ten is assumed...
x 11 11NumberElevenInCircle  
11 (eleven /ɨˈlɛvɨn/ or /iˈlɛvɛn/) is the natural number following 10 and preceding 12. Eleven is the first number which cannot be counted with a human's ten fingers. In English, it is the smallest positive integer requiring three syllables and the...
x 12 Dodecahedron  
12 (twelve /ˈtwɛlv/) is the natural number following 11 and preceding 13. The word "twelve" is the largest number with a single-morpheme name in English. Etymology suggests that "twelve" (similar to "eleven") arises from the Germanic compound twalif...
x 13 P2110024NoThirteenStaAnita wb  
13 (thirteen  /θɜrˈtiːn/) is natural number after 12 and before 14. It is the smallest number with eight letters in its name spelled out in English. It is also the first of the teens – the numbers 13 through 19 – the ages of teenagers. In speech,...
x 14 Santos-Dumont Number 14  
14 (fourteen  /fɔərˈtiːn/) is the natural number following 13 and preceding 15. In speech, the numbers 14 and 40 are often confused. When carefully enunciated, they differ in which syllable is stressed: 14 /fɔərˈtiːn/ ( listen) vs 40 /ˈfɔrti/....
x 15 15  
15 (fifteen) is the natural number following 14 and preceding 16. In English, it is the smallest natural number with seven letters in its spelled name. In speech, the numbers 15 and 50 are often confused. When carefully enunciated, they differ in...
x 16 Muybridge race horse animated  
16 (sixteen) is the natural number following 15 and preceding 17. 16 is a composite number, and a square number, being 4 = 4 × 4. It is the smallest number with exactly five divisors, its proper divisors being 1, 2, 4 and 8. In speech, the numbers...
x 17 /m/029gxy9  
17 (seventeen) is the natural number following 16 and preceding 18. It is prime. In spoken English, the numbers 17 and 70 are sometimes confused because they sound similar. When carefully enunciated, they differ in which syllable is stressed: 17 ...
x 18    
18 (eighteen) is the natural number following 17 and preceding 19. In speech, the numbers 18 and 80 are sometimes confused. When carefully enunciated, they differ in which syllable is stressed: 18 /eɪtˈtiːn/ vs 80 /ˈeɪti/. However, in dates such as...
x 19    
19 (nineteen) is the natural number following 18 and preceding 20. It is a prime number. In English speech, the numbers 19 and 90 are often confused, as sounding very similar. When carefully enunciated, they differ in which syllable is stressed: 19 ...
x 100 Usdollar100front  
100 (one hundred) (Roman numeral C, reinforced by Latin centum) is the natural number following 99 and preceding 101. One hundred is the square of 10 (in scientific notation it is written as 10). The standard SI prefix for a hundred is "hecto-". One...
x 101    
101 (one hundred [and] one) is the natural number following 100 and preceding 102. It is variously pronounced "one hundred and one" / "a hundred and one", "one hundred one" / "a hundred one", and "one oh one". As an ordinal number, 101st rather than...
x 102    
102 (one hundred [and] two) is the natural number following 101 and preceding 103. 102 is an abundant number and semiperfect number. It is a sphenic number. It is the sum of four consecutive prime numbers (19 + 23 + 29 + 31). The sum of Euler's...
x 103    
103 (one hundred [and] three) is the natural number following 102 and preceding 104. One hundred [and] three is the 27th prime number. The previous prime is 101, making them both twin primes. It is also a happy number. 103 is a strictly non...
x 104    
104 (one hundred [and] four) is the natural number following 103 and preceding 105. One hundred [and] four is a primitive semiperfect number and a composite number, with its divisors being 1, 2, 4, 8, 13, 26, 52 and 104. As it has 8 divisors total,...
x 105    
105 (one hundred [and] five) is the natural number following 104 and preceding 106. 105 is a triangular number, a 12-gonal number and a Zeisel number. It is a sphenic number, and is the product of three consecutive prime numbers. 105 is the double...
x 106    
106 (one hundred [and] six) is the natural number following 105 and preceding 107. 106 is the thirty-first distinct biprime and the fifteenth of the form (2.q). The aliquot sum of 106 is 56 within the aliquot sequence (106,56,64,63,41,1) 106 being...
x 107    
107 (one hundred [and] seven) is the natural number following 106 and preceding 108. One hundred [and] seven is the 28th prime number. The next prime is 109, with which it comprises a twin prime, making 107 a Chen prime. Plugged into the equation ,...
x 108 Japamala2  
108 (one hundred [and] eight) is the natural number following 107 and preceding 109. One hundred [and] eight (or nine dozen) is an abundant number and a semiperfect number. It is a tetranacci number. It is the hyperfactorial of 3 since it is of the...
x 109    
109 (one hundred [and] nine) is the natural number following 108 and preceding 110. One hundred [and] nine is the 29th prime number, and also a Chen prime. The previous prime is 107, making them both twin primes. 109 is a centered triangular number....
x 110 CA rule110s  
110 (one hundred [and] ten) is the natural number following 109 and preceding 111. 110 is a sphenic number and a pronic number. Following the prime quadruplet (101, 103, 107, 109), at 110, the Mertens function reaches a low of −5. 110 is the sum of...
x 111    
111 (One hundred [and] eleven) is the natural number following 110 and preceding 112. 111 is a perfect totient number. 111 is R3 or the second repunit, a number like 11, 111, or 1111 that consists of repeated units, or 1's. It equals 3 × 37,...
x 112    
112 (one hundred [and] twelve) is the natural number following 111 and preceding 113. One hundred [and] twelve is an abundant number and a heptagonal number. It is also the sum of six consecutive primes (). 112 is in base 10 both a Harshad number....
x 113    
113 (one hundred [and] thirteen) is the natural number following 112 and preceding 114. One hundred [and] thirteen is the 30th prime number, following 109 and preceding 127, a Sophie Germain prime, a Chen prime and a Proth prime as it is a prime...
x 114    
114 (one hundred [and] fourteen) is the natural number following 113 and preceding 115.
x 115    
115 (one hundred [and] fifteen) is the natural number following 114 and preceding 116. 115 is a heptagonal pyramidal number and a lucky number. Because 115 has an odd number of 1s in its binary representation, it is sometimes called an "odious...
x 116    
116 (one hundred [and] sixteen) is the natural number following 115 and preceding 117. 116 is a noncototient, meaning that there is no solution to the equation m − φ(m) = n, where φ stands for Euler's totient function. 116! + 1 is prime. There are...
x 117    
117 (one hundred [and] seventeen) is the natural number following 116 and preceding 118. One hundred seventeen is the smallest possible length of the longest side of a Heronian tetrahedron (one whose sides are all rational numbers). 117 is a...
x 118    
118 (one hundred [and] eighteen) is the natural number following 117 and preceding 119. There is no answer to the equation φ(x) = 118, making 118 a nontotient. 118 is the smallest n such that the range n, n + 1, ... 4n/3 contains at least one prime...
x 119    
119 (one hundred [and] nineteen) is the natural number following 118 and preceding 120. 119 is the emergency number in Afghanistan that belongs to police and interior ministry. The number 119 was discovered by renowned mathematician Froilan Abe. He...
x 120 120-cell  
120 (one hundred [and] twenty) is the natural number following 119 and preceding 121. 120 was known as "the great hundred", especially prior to the year 1700, from the Teutonic Hundert which equalled 120. The number 100, now known commonly as "one...
x 121    
121 (one hundred [and] twenty-one) is the natural number following 120 and preceding 122. One hundred [and] twenty-one is a square and is the sum of three consecutive primes (37 + 41 + 43). There are no squares besides 121 known to be of the form ,...
x 122    
122 (one hundred [and] twenty-two) is the natural number following 121 and preceding 123. It is a nontotient since there is no integer with exactly 122 coprimes below it. Nor is there an integer with exactly 122 integers with common factors below it...
x 123    
123 (one hundred [and] twenty-three) is the natural number following 122 and preceding 124. 123 is also:
x 124    
124 (one hundred [and] twenty-four) is the natural number following 123 and preceding 125. 124 is the sum of eight consecutive primes (5 + 7 + 11 + 13 + 17 + 19 + 23 + 29). It is a nontotient since there is no integer with 124 coprimes below it, it...
x 125    
125 (one hundred [and] twenty-five) is the natural number following 124 and preceding 126. One hundred [and] twenty-five is the cube of 5. It can be expressed as a sum of two squares in two different ways, 125 = 10² + 5² = 11² + 2². 125 and 126 form...
x 126    
126 (one hundred [and] twenty-six) is the natural number following 125 and preceding 127. One hundred [and] twenty-six is a pentagonal pyramidal number, and a decagonal number as well as a pentatope number. It is an abundant number. However, it is...
x 127    
127 (one hundred [and] twenty-seven) is the natural number following 126 and preceding 128. 127 is also:
x 128    
128 (one hundred [and] twenty-eight) is the natural number following 127 and preceding 129. One hundred [and] twenty-eight is the seventh power of 2. It is the largest number which cannot be expressed as the sum of any number of distinct squares....
x 129    
129 (one hundred [and] twenty-nine) is the natural number following 128 and preceding 130. 129 is the sum of the first ten prime numbers. It is the smallest number that can be expressed as a sum of three squares in four different ways: , , , and ....
x 130    
130 (one hundred [and] thirty) is the natural number following 129 and preceding 131. 130 is a sphenic number. It is a noncototient since there is no answer to the equation x - φ(x) = 130. 130 is the only integer that is the sum of the squares of...
x 131    
131 is the natural number following 130 and preceding 132. 131 is a Sophie Germain prime, the second 3-digit palindromic prime, and also a permutable prime with 113 and 311. It can be expressed as the sum of three consecutive primes, 131 = 41 + 43 +...
x 132    
132 is the natural number following 131 and preceding 133. 132 is the sixth Catalan number. It is a pronic number, the product of 11 and 12. As it has 12 divisors total, 132 is a refactorable number. If you take the sum of all 2-digit numbers you...
x 133    
133 is the natural number following 132 and preceding 134. 133 is an n whose divisors (excluding n itself) added up divide φ(n). It is an octagonal number and a Harshad number. It is also a happy number. 133 is a repdigit in base 11 (111), whilst in...
x 134    
134 is the natural number following 133 and preceding 135. 134 is a nontotient since there is no integer with exactly 134 coprimes below it. And it is a noncototient since there is no integer with 134 integers with common factors below it. 134 is ....
x 135    
135 is the natural number following 134 and preceding 136. This number in base 10 can be expressed in operations using its own digits in at least two different ways. One is as a sum-product number, (1 and 144 share this property) and the other is as...
x 136    
136 (one hundred [and] thirty six) is the natural number following 135 and preceding 137. 136 is itself a factor of the Eddington number. With a total of 8 divisors, 8 among them, 136 is a refactorable number. 136 is a triangular number, a centered...
x 137    
137 is the natural number following 136 and preceding 138. One hundred [and] thirty-seven is the 33rd prime number; the next is 139, with which it comprises a twin prime, and thus 137 is a Chen prime. 137 is an Eisenstein prime with no imaginary...
x 138    
138 (one hundred [and] thirty-eight) is the natural number following 137 but before 139. One Thirty Eight was at one time focused on creating legal walls for their art in the City of Somerville by way of getting permission from the owners of the...
x 139    
139 (One hundred [and] thirty-nine) is the natural number following 138 and preceding 140. One hundred [and] thirty-nine is the 34th prime number, so it is divisible only by itself and 1. It is a twin prime with 137. Because 141 is a semiprime, 139...
x 140    
140 (one hundred [and] forty) is the natural number following 139 and preceding 141. 140 is an abundant number and a harmonic divisor number. It is the sum of the squares of the first seven integers, which makes it a square pyramidal number, and in...
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