Topic is one of the core types in Freebase. Topics contain a set of default properties that are generally useful when describing a topic: display name, alias, article, image and webpage. Most types in Freebase carry these topic properties by default. If an item in Freebase is typed 'topic' it...
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| x name | x image | x Also known as | x Also Typed With | x article |
| Hydrogen bond |
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Chemical Bond |
A hydrogen bond is the attractive interaction of a hydrogen atom with an electronegative atom, such as nitrogen, oxygen or fluorine, that comes from another molecule or chemical group. The hydrogen must be covalently bonded to another...
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| Hydrogen atom |
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Idea |
A hydrogen atom is an atom of the chemical element hydrogen. The electrically neutral atom contains a single positively-charged proton and a single negatively-charged electron bound to the nucleus by the Coulomb force. Atomic hydrogen comprises...
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| Hydrogen peroxide |
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Rocket Fuel |
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is the simplest peroxide (a compound with an oxygen-oxygen single bond). It is also a strong oxidizer. Hydrogen peroxide is a clear liquid, slightly more viscous than water. In dilute solution, it appears colorless. Due to...
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| Hydrogen cyanide |
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Chemical Compound |
Hydrogen cyanide (with the historical common name of Prussic acid) is a chemical compound with chemical formula HCN. It is a colorless, extremely poisonous liquid that boils slightly above room temperature at 26 °C (79 °F). Hydrogen cyanide is a...
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| Hydrogen sulfide |
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Chemical Compound |
Hydrogen sulfide (British English: hydrogen sulphide) is the chemical compound with the formula H2S. It is a colorless, very poisonous, flammable gas with the characteristic foul odor of rotten eggs. It often results from the bacterial breakdown of...
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| Hydrography |
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FGDC Keyword |
Hydrography is the mapping (charting) of water topographic features through the measurement of the depths, the tides and currents of a body of water and establishment of the sea, river or lake bed topography and morphology. Normally and historically...
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| Hydrographic survey |
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Hydrographic survey is the science of measurement and description of features which affect maritime navigation, marine construction, dredging, offshore oil exploration/drilling and related disciplines. Strong emphasis is placed on soundings,...
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| Hydrogen carrier |
A hydrogen carrier is an organic macromolecule that transports atoms of hydrogen from one place to another inside a cell or from cell to cell for use in various metabolical processes. An example is NADPH in photosynthesis also called NAD along with...
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| Hydrogen vehicle |
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A hydrogen vehicle is a vehicle that uses hydrogen as its onboard fuel for motive power. Hydrogen vehicles include hydrogen fueled space rockets, as well as automobiles and other transportation vehicles. The power plants of such vehicles convert the...
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| Hydrogen chloride |
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Chemical Compound |
The compound hydrogen chloride has the formula HCl. At room temperature, it is a colorless gas, which forms white fumes of hydrochloric acid upon contact with atmospheric humidity. Hydrogen chloride gas and hydrochloric acid are important in...
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| Hydrogenation |
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Ranked item |
Hydrogenation, to treat with hydrogen, also a form of chemical reduction, is a chemical reaction between molecular hydrogen (H2) and another compound or element, usually in the presence of a catalyst. The process is commonly employed to reduce or...
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| Hydrographic office |
A hydrographic office is an organization which is devoted to acquiring and publishing hydrographic information.
Historically, the main tasks of hydrographic offices were the conduction of hydrographic surveys and the publication of nautical charts....
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| Hydrogeology | Literature Subject |
Hydrogeology (hydro- meaning water, and -geology meaning the study of the Earth) is the area of geology that deals with the distribution and movement of groundwater in the soil and rocks of the Earth's crust (commonly in aquifers). The term...
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| Hydrogen ion |
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Hydrogen ion is recommended by IUPAC as a general term for all ions of hydrogen and its isotopes. Depending on the charge of the ion, two different classes can be distinguished: positively charged ions and negatively charged ions.
Under aqueous...
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| Hydrogen hypothesis |
The hydrogen hypothesis is a model proposed by William F. Martin and Miklós Müller in 1998 that describes a possible way in which the mitochondrion arose as an endosymbiont within a prokaryote (an archaea), giving rise to a symbiotic association of...
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| Hydrogen line |
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The hydrogen line, 21 centimeter line or HI line refers to the electromagnetic radiation spectral line that is created by a change in the energy state of neutral hydrogen atoms. This electromagnetic radiation is at the precise frequency of 1420...
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| Hydrogenolysis |
Hydrogenolysis is a chemical reaction whereby a carbon–carbon or carbon–heteroatom single bond is cleaved or undergoes "lysis" by hydrogen. The heteroatom may vary, but it usually is oxygen, nitrogen, or sulfur. A related reaction is hydrogenation,...
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| Hydrogel |
Hydrogel is a network of polymer chains that are water-insoluble, sometimes found as a colloid gel in which water is the dispersion medium. Hydrogels are superabsorbent (they can contain over 99% water) natural or synthetic polymers.Hydrogels...
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| Hydrograph |
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A hydrograph is a graph showing the rate of flow (discharge) versus time past a specific point in a river, or other channel or conduit carrying flow. The rate of flow is typically expressed in cubic meters or cubic feet per second (cms or cfs).
It...
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| Hydrogen economy |
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Field Of Study |
The hydrogen economy is a proposed system of delivering energy using hydrogen. The term hydrogen economy was coined by John Bockris during a talk he gave in 1970 at General Motors (GM) Technical Center.
Hydrogen advocates promote hydrogen as a...
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| Hydrogen-4 | Tetranium, Quadium | Isotope |
Hydrogen-4 (also less commonly referred to as quadrium) is a highly unstable isotope of hydrogen. The nucleus consists of a proton and three neutrons. It has been synthesised in the laboratory by bombarding tritium with fast-moving deuterium nuclei....
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| Hydrogen-5 | Pentium | Isotope |
Hydrogen (H) (Standard atomic mass: 1.00782504(7) u) has three naturally occurring isotopes, sometimes denoted H, H, and H. Other, highly unstable nuclei (H to H) have been synthesized in the laboratory but not observed in nature. The most stable...
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| H-5 | ||||
| Hydrogen embrittlement |
Hydrogen embrittlement is the process by which various metals, most importantly high-strength steel, become brittle and fracture following exposure to hydrogen. Hydrogen embrittlement is often the result of unintentional introduction of hydrogen...
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| Hydrogen bromide |
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Chemical Compound |
Hydrogen bromide is the diatomic molecule HBr. HBr is a gas at standard conditions. Hydrobromic acid forms upon dissolving HBr in water. Conversely, HBr can be liberated from hydrobromic acid solutions with the addition of a dehydration agent, but...
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| Hydrogen Jukebox |
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Opera |
Hydrogen Jukebox is a phrase coined by beat poet Allen Ginsberg, from his poem Howl.
It is also the name of a chamber opera featuring the music of Philip Glass and the poetry of Ginsberg.
Of the project, Glass said:
The piece was intended to form a...
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| Hydrogenophilaceae | Organism Classification |
The Hydrogenophilaceae are a family of Betaproteobacteria, with two genera. Like all Proteobacteria they are Gram-negative. Hydrogenophilus are thermophilic, growing around 50 °C and obtaining their energy from oxidizing hydrogen. It includes the...
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| Hydrogenosome |
A hydrogenosome is a membrane-enclosed organelle of some anaerobic ciliates, trichomonads and fungi. The hydrogenosomes of trichomonads (the most studied of the hydrogenosome-containing microorganisms) produce molecular hydrogen, acetate, carbon...
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| Hydrogen halide |
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Hydrogen halides (or hydrohalic acids) are inorganic compounds with the formula HX where X is one of the halogens: fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, and astatine. Hydrogen halides are gases that dissolve in water to give acids.
The hydrogen...
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| Hydrogen highway |
A hydrogen highway is a chain of hydrogen-equipped filling stations and other infrastructure along a road or highway which allow hydrogen powered cars to travel. It is an element of the hydrogen infrastructure that is generally assumed to be a pre...
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| Hydrogen analyzer |
A Hydrogen Analyzer is a device used to measure the hydrogen concentration in steels and alloys. It also has industrial applications for Corrosion Monitoring.
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| Hydrogen iodide |
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Chemical Compound |
Hydrogen iodide (HI) is a diatomic molecule. Aqueous solutions of HI are known as iohydroic acid or hydroiodic acid, a strong acid. Gas and aqueous solution are interconvertible. HI is used in organic and inorganic synthesis as one of the primary...
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| Hydrogen station |
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A hydrogen station is a storage or filling station for hydrogen, usually located along a road or hydrogen highway, or at home as part of the distributed generation resources concept. The stations are usually intended to power vehicles, but can also...
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| Hydrogenothermaceae | Organism Classification |
The Hydrogenothermaceae family are bacteria that live in harsh environmental settings. They have been found in hot springs, sulfur pools, thermal ocean vents. They are true bacteria as opposed to the other inhabitants of extreme environments, the...
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| Hydrogenase |
![Structure du site actif des hydrogénases [NiFe]](http://img.freebase.com/api/trans/image_thumb/m/044yznp?pad=1&errorid=%2Ffreebase%2Fno_image_png&maxheight=64&mode=fillcropmid&maxwidth=64)
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A hydrogenase is an enzyme that catalyses the reversible oxidation of molecular hydrogen (H2). Hydrogenases play a vital role in anaerobic metabolism.
Hydrogen uptake (H2 oxidation) (1) is coupled to the reduction of electron acceptors such as...
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| Hydrogen-terminated silicon surface |
A hydrogen-terminated silicon surface is a chemically passivated silicon substrate whose native oxide (SiO2) thin film is removed by etching in hydrogen fluoride aqueous solution, leaving the surface silicon atoms covalently bonded to hydrogen....
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| Hydrography of the Oak Ridges Moraine |
Preliminary research on the hydrology of the Oak Ridges Moraine began in the 1970s, but a broader research effort including the impact of urban development on the aquifer system and Great Lakes water quality was established in 1993. The research...
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| Hydrogen selenide |
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Chemical Compound |
Hydrogen selenide is the inorganic compound with the formula H2Se. It is the simplest and virtually the only hydride of selenium. H2Se is a colorless, flammable gas under standard conditions. It is the most toxic selenium compound with an exposure...
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| Hydrogen-like atom |
A hydrogen-like ion is any atomic nucleus with one electron and thus is isoelectronic with hydrogen. Except for the hydrogen atom itself (which is neutral), these ions carry the positive charge e(Z-1), where Z is the atomic number of the atom....
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| Hydrogen cycle |
Hydrogen is one of the constituents of water. It recycles as in other biogeochemical cycles. It is actively involved with the other cycles such as the carbon cycle, nitrogen cycle, sulfur cycle, and oxygen cycle.
Anaerobic fermentation of organic...
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| Hydrogen | Software |
Hydrogen is an advanced drum machine created by Alessandro Cominu, an Italian programmer who goes by the pseudonym Comix. Its main goal is to provide professional yet simple and intuitive pattern-based drum programming.
Hydrogen was originally...
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| Hydrogen grooving |
In the chemical industry, hydrogen grooving is the corrosion of piping by groove created by the interaction of a corrosive agent, corroded pipe constituents, and hydrogen gas bubble. By example, when sulfuric acid flows through steel pipes, the...
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| Hydrogen donor | Chemical Compound |
In chemistry a hydrogen donor is any chemical compound that has a hydrogen atom available for chemical interaction. Hydrogen donor is synonymous with a active hydrogen compound. A wide range of compounds fall within this category, from simple...
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| Hydrogen spectral series |
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The emission spectrum of atomic hydrogen is divided into a number of spectral series, with wavelengths given by the Rydberg formula. These observed spectral lines are due to electrons moving between energy levels in the atom. The spectral series are...
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| Hydrogen fluoride laser |
The hydrogen fluoride laser is an infrared chemical laser. It is capable of delivering continuous output power in the megawatt range.
Hydrogen fluoride lasers operate at the wavelength of 2.7-2.9 µm. This wavelength is absorbed by the atmosphere,...
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| Hydrogen fuel injection |
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Hydrogen fuel enhancement is the process of using a mixture of hydrogen and conventional hydrocarbon fuel in an internal combustion engine, typically in a car or truck, to improve fuel economy, power output, or both. While the term may be used to...
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| Hydrogen fluoride |
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Chemical Compound |
Hydrogen fluoride is a chemical compound with the formula HF. This colorless gas is the principal industrial source of fluorine, often in the aqueous form as hydrofluoric acid, and thus is the precursor to many important compounds including...
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| Hydrogen damage |
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Hydrogen damage is the generic name given to a large number of metal degradation processes due to interaction with hydrogen.
Hydrogen is present practically everywhere, in the atmosphere, several kilometres above the earth and inside the earth....
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| Hydrogen Breath Test |
A hydrogen breath test (or HBT) is used as a clinical medical diagnosis for people with irritable bowel syndrome, and common food intolerances. The test is simple, non-invasive, and is performed after a short period of fasting (typically 8–12 hours)...
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| Hydrogen telluride |
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Chemical Compound |
Hydrogen telluride (tellurane) is the inorganic compound with the formula H2Te. The simplest hydride of tellurium, it is rarely encountered because of it decomposes rapidly to the constituent elements. Most compounds with Te-H bonds (tellurols) are...
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| Hydrogenated Jojoba Oil |
Hydrogenated jojoba oil is the end product of the complete hydrogenation of jojoba oil.
Hydrogenated jojoba oil is a straight-chain wax ester of 36 to 46 carbons in length, an ester bond in the approximate middle of the chain, no branching, no...
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| Hydrogen–deuterium exchange | Hydrogen-deuterium exchange |
Hydrogen–deuterium exchange (also called H–D or H/D exchange) is a chemical reaction in which a covalently bonded hydrogen atom is replaced by a deuterium atom, or vice versa. Usually the examined protons are the amides in the backbone of a protein....
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| Hydrogen potassium ATPase |
Gastric hydrogen potassium ATPase is also known as H/K ATPase
The gastric hydrogen potassium ATPase or H/K ATPase is the proton pump of the stomach and, as such, is the enzyme primarily responsible for the acidification of the stomach contents (see...
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| Hydrogen prize | Award |
The Hydrogen Prize is a proposed financial award to encourage research into hydrogen as an alternative fuel.
During October 2008, the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy announced that the Hydrogen...
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| Hydrogen difluoride |
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Chemical Compound |
The bifluoride, or hydrogen(difluoride), ion is the species HF2. This centrosymmetric triatomic anion features the strongest known hydrogen bond, with an F−H length of 114 pm and a bond strength of >155 kJ mol. A molecular orbital diagram reveals...
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| Hydrogen production |
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Hydrogen production is the family of industrial methods for generating hydrogen. Currently the dominant technology for direct production is steam reforming from hydrocarbons. Many other methods are known including electrolysis and thermolysis.
In...
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| Hydrogen storage |
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Hydrogen storage describes the methods for storing H2 for subsequent use. The methods span many approaches, including high pressures, cryogenics, and chemical compounds that reversibly release H2 upon heating. Hydrogen storage is a topical goal in...
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| Hydrogen piping |
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Hydrogen piping, in industrial settings, is a system of pipes used to move hydrogen. Due to issues with hydrogen embrittlement, and corrosion, materials for hydrogen pipes must be carefully selected. For metal piping at pressures up to 7,000 psi (48...
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| Hydrogen leak testing |
Hydrogen leak testing is the normal way in which a hydrogen pressure vessel or installation is checked for leaks or flaws. There are various tests.
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| Hydrogen compressor |
A hydrogen compressor is a device that increases the pressure of hydrogen by reducing its volume. Compression of hydrogen gas naturally increases its temperature, due to Charles' Law.
Hydrogen compressors are closely related to hydrogen pumps and...
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| Hydrogen sensor | Hydrogen microsensor |
A hydrogen sensor is a gas detector that detects the presence of hydrogen. They contain micro-fabricated point-contact hydrogen sensors and are used to locate leaks. They are considered low-cost, compact, durable, and easy to maintain as compared to...
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