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x Diane Arbus Identical Twins, Roselle, New Jersey, 1967, on the cover of Diane Arbus: An Aperture Monograph
Diane Arbus (14 March 1923 – 26 July 1971) was one of the most original and influential American photographers of the 20th century. In 2003, she and her work were the subject of a major exhibition: Diane Arbus Revelations that was organized by the...
x Jean Arp "Cloud Shepherd" Hans Arp (1953), Ciudad Universitaria de Caracas
Jean Arp / Hans Arp (16 September 1886 – 7 June 1966) was a German-French sculptor, painter, poet and abstract artist in other media such as torn and pasted paper. Arp was born in Strasbourg. The son of a French mother and a German father, he was...
x Bernd and Hilla Becher Front cover of the book Typologies of Industrial Buildings (2004)
Bernd Becher (born August 20th 1931 in Siegen; died June 22nd 2007 in Rostock) and Hilla Becher, née Wobeser (born September 2nd 1934 in Potsdam) were a German artist couple, best known for their photographic images of industrial buildings. Bernd...
x Giovanni Bellini Giovanni Bellini painted his first female nude when he was about 85 years old
Giovanni Bellini (c. 1430 – 1516) was an Italian Renaissance painter, probably the best known of the Bellini family of Venetian painters. His father was Jacopo Bellini, his brother was Gentile Bellini, and his brother-in-law was Andrea Mantegna. He...
x George Bellows George bellows
George Wesley Bellows (August 12 or August 19, 1882 - January 8, 1925) was an American painter, known for his bold depictions of urban life in New York City, becoming, according to the Columbus Museum of Art, "the most acclaimed American artist of...
x Bonaventura Berlinghieri Bonaventura Berlinghieri Francesco
Bonaventura Berlinghieri was an Italian painter of the Gothic period. He was the son of painter Berlinghiero. He painted several panels and wall-paintings at Lucca, in 1235 and 1244, as well as a 'St. Francis of Assisi’. The 'St. Francis of Assisi'...
x Gian Lorenzo Bernini Gian Lorenzo Bernini
Gian Lorenzo Bernini (also spelled Gianlorenzo or Giovanni Lorenzo; 7 December 1598 — 28 November 1680) was an Italian artist who worked principally in Rome. He was the leading sculptor of his age and also a prominent architect. In addition he...
x Umberto Boccioni Umberto-Boccioni
Umberto Boccioni (19 October 1882 – 17 August 1916) was a painter and a sculptor. Like other Futurists, his work centered on the portrayal of movement (dynamism), speed, and technology. He was born in Reggio Calabria, Italy. Umberto Boccioni studied...
x Sandro Botticelli Sandro Botticelli 083
Alessandro di Mariano di Vanni Filipepi, better known as Sandro Botticelli or Il Botticello ("The Little Barrel"; c. 1445 – May 17, 1510) was an Italian painter of the Florentine school during the Early Renaissance (Quattrocento). Less than a...
x Constantin Brancusi Constantin Brâncuşi
Constantin Brâncuşi (Romanian pronunciation: [konstanˈtin brɨnˈkuʃʲ]; February 19, 1876 – March 16, 1957) was an internationally renowned Romanian sculptor whose works, which blend simplicity and sophistication, led the way for numerous modernist...
x Georges Braque Violin and Candlestick
Georges Braque (13 May 1882 – 31 August 1963) was a major 20th century French painter and sculptor who, along with Pablo Picasso, developed the art movement known as Cubism. Georges Braque was born in Argenteuil, Val-d'Oise. He grew up in Le Havre...
x Agnolo di Cosimo Venus, Cupid, Folly, and Time
Agnolo di Cosimo (November 17, 1503 – November 23, 1572), usually known as Il Bronzino, or Agnolo Bronzino (mistaken attempts also have been made in the past to assert his name was Agnolo Tori and even Angelo (Agnolo) Allori), was an Italian...
x Pieter Brueghel the Elder Bruegel's The Painter and The Connoisseur drawn c. 1565 is thought to be a self- portrait
Pieter Bruegel the Elder (c. 1525 – 9 September 1569) was a Netherlandish Renaissance painter and printmaker known for his landscapes and peasant scenes (Genre Painting). He is nicknamed "Peasant Bruegel" to distinguish him from other members of the...
x Filippo Brunelleschi Sculpture of Brunelleschi looking at the dome in Florence
Filippo Brunelleschi (sometimes and perhaps more correctly spelled Fillippo) (1377 – April 15, 1446) was one of the foremost architects and engineers of the Italian Renaissance. All of his principal works are in Florence, Italy. As explained by...
x Robert Campin Sainte barbe
Robert Campin (c. 1375 – 26 April 1444), now usually identified with the artist known as the Master of Flémalle, is usually considered the first great master of Early Netherlandish painting. This had been a matter of controversy for decades; Campin...
x Caravaggio Caravaggio painted by Ottavio Leoni around 1621
Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio, (29 September 1571–18 July 1610) was an Italian artist active in Rome, Naples, Malta and Sicily between 1593 and 1610. His intensely emotional realism and dramatic use of lighting had a formative influence on the...
x Annibale Carracci Annibale Carracci - Self-portrait
Annibale Carracci (November 3, 1560 - July 15, 1609) was an Italian Baroque painter. Annibale Carracci was born in Bologna, and in all likelihood first apprenticed within his family. In 1582, Annibale, his brother Agostino, and his cousin Ludovico...
x Henri Cartier-Bresson Photo cartierbresson europe
Henri Cartier-Bresson (August 22, 1908 – August 3, 2004) was a French photographer considered to be the father of modern photojournalism, an early adopter of 35 mm format, and the master of candid photography. He helped develop the "street...
x Mary Cassatt Self-portrait (1878) by painter Mary Cassatt
Mary Stevenson Cassatt (May 22, 1844 – June 14, 1926) (pronounced /kəˈsæt/) was an American painter and printmaker. She lived much of her adult life in France, where she first befriended Edgar Degas and later exhibited among the Impressionists....
x Benvenuto Cellini Benvenuto Cellini's Saliera
Benvenuto Cellini (November 3, 1500 – February 13, 1571) was an Italian goldsmith, sculptor, painter, soldier and musician , who also wrote a famous autobiography. He was one of the most important artists of Mannerism. Benvenuto Cellini was born in...
x Paul Cézanne Paul Cezanne
Paul Cézanne (French pronunciation: [pɔl seˈzan]; 19 January 1839 – 22 October 1906) was a French artist and Post-Impressionist painter whose work laid the foundations of the transition from the 19th century conception of artistic endeavour to a new...
x Judy Chicago Judy Chicago, 1971, photo: Jerry McMillan
Judy Chicago (born Judy Cohen on July 20, 1939) is a feminist artist, author, and educator. Chicago has been making work since the mid 1960s. Her earliest forays into art-making coincided with the rise of Minimalism, which she eventually abandoned...
x Petrus Christus /wikipedia/images/commons_id/686593
Petrus Christus (c. 1410/1420 – 1475/1476) was an Early Netherlandish painter active in Bruges from 1444. Christus was born in Baarle-Hertog, near Antwerp, Belgium. Long considered a student of and successor to Jan van Eyck, his paintings have...
x Cimabue Maestà, 1280-1285, Uffizi Gallery, Florence
Cenni di Pepo (Giovanni) Cimabue (c. 1240 — c. 1302) also known as Bencivieni di Pepo or in modern Italian, Benvenuto di Giuseppe, was an Italian painter and creator of mosaics from Florence. He is also well known for his student Giotto, considered...
x Thomas Cole Thomas Cole, ca. 1844-48
Thomas Cole (February 1, 1801 – February 11, 1848) was an English-born American artist. He is regarded as the founder of the Hudson River School, an American art movement that flourished in the mid-19th century. Cole's Hudson River School, as well...
x John Constable ConstableSelfPortrait
John Constable (11 June 1776 – 31 March 1837) was an English Romantic painter. Born in Suffolk, he is known principally for his landscape paintings of Dedham Vale, the area surrounding his home—now known as "Constable Country"—which he invested with...
x Gustave Courbet Gustave Courbet
Jean Désiré Gustave Courbet (10 June 1819 – 31 December 1877) was a French painter who led the Realist movement in 19th-century French painting. The Realist movement bridged the Romantic movement (characterized by the paintings of Théodore Géricault...
x Carlo Crivelli Annunciation with St Emidius  (1486) 207x146,5 cm National Gallery, London
Carlo Crivelli (c. 1435 – c. 1495) was an Italian Renaissance painter of conservative Late Gothic decorative sensibility, who spent his career mostly in the Marche, where he absorbed early influences from the Vivarini, Squarcione and Mantegna into a...
x Gerard David Annunciation from 1506, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York
Gerard David (c. 1460 – August 13, 1523) was an Early Netherlandish painter and manuscript illuminator known for his brilliant use of color. He was born in Oudewater, now located in Utrecht. He spent his mature career in Bruges, where he was a...
x Jacques-Louis David Jacques-Louis David
Jacques-Louis David (30 August 1748 – 29 December 1825) was a highly influential French painter in the Neoclassical style, considered to be the preeminent painter of the era. In the 1780s his cerebral brand of history painting marked a change in...
x Willem de Kooning Willem de Kooning's Woman V (1952-53), National Gallery of Australia
Willem de Kooning (April 24, 1904 – March 19, 1997) was an abstract expressionist artist, born in Rotterdam, the Netherlands. In the post-World War II era, de Kooning painted in a style that came to be referred to variously as Abstract expressionism...
x Edgar Degas Edgar Degas
Edgar Degas (19 July 1834 – 27 September 1917), born Hilaire-Germain-Edgar De Gas (French pronunciation: [ilɛʀ ʒɛʁmɛ̃ ɛdɡɑʀ dœˈɡɑ]), was a French artist famous for his work in painting, sculpture, printmaking and drawing. He is regarded as one of...
x Eugène Delacroix Eugène Delacroix (portrait by Nadar)
Ferdinand Victor Eugène Delacroix (26 April 1798 – 13 August 1863) was a French Romantic artist regarded from the outset of his career as the leader of the French Romantic school. Delacroix's use of expressive brushstrokes and his study of the...
x Otto Dix Photo of Otto Dix from the German Federal Archive (Bild 183-45912-0002)
Wilhelm Heinrich Otto Dix (German pronunciation: [ˈvɪlhɛlm ˈhaɪnʀiç ˈɔto ˈdɪks]) (2 December 1891 – 25 July 1969) was a German painter and printmaker. Noted for his ruthless and harshly realistic depictions of Weimar society and of the brutality of...
x Donatello Donatello in the TMNT Movie
Donatello (Don or Donny) is a fictional character that appears in the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles comics and all related media. In the Mirage/Image comics all four turtles wear red bandanas but in mainstream versions he sports a purple bandana. His...
x Duccio Duccio Maestà
Duccio di Buoninsegna (c. 1255-1260 – c. 1318-1319) was one of the most influential Italian artists of his time. Born in Siena, Tuscany, he worked mostly with pigment and egg tempera and like most of his contemporaries he painted religious subject...
x Marcel Duchamp Marcel Duchamp
Marcel Duchamp (28 July 1887 – 2 October 1968; French pronunciation: [maʀsɛl dyˈʃɑ̃]) was a French artist whose work is most often associated with the Dadaist and Surrealist movements. Duchamp's output influenced the development of post-World War I...
x Albrecht Dürer Durer self portarit 28
Albrecht Dürer (German pronunciation: [ˈalbʀɛçt ˈdyʀɐ]) (21 May 1471 – 6 April 1528) was a German painter, printmaker and theorist from Nuremberg. His prints established his reputation across Europe when he was still in his twenties, and he has been...
x William Eggleston Radio City cover
William Eggleston (born July 27, 1939 in Memphis, Tennessee) is an American photographer. He is widely credited with securing recognition for color photography as a legitimate artistic medium to display in art galleries. William Eggleston was born...
x Euphronios Paris, Louvre G 106: Neck amphora depicting a Scythian archer, circa 510-500 C.
Euphronios (circa 535 - after 470 BC) was an ancient Greek vase painter and potter, active in Athens in the late 6th and early 5th centuries BC. As part of the so-called "Pioneer Group," Euphronios was one of the most important artists of the red...
x Jean-Honoré Fragonard Inspiration (Self-Portrait), 1769
Jean-Honoré Fragonard (French pronunciation: [ʒã onoʀe fʀaɡoˈnɑʀ]; 5 April 1732 – 22 August 1806) was a French painter and printmaker whose late Rococo manner was distinguished by remarkable facility, exuberance, and hedonism. One of the most...
x Caspar David Friedrich Self-portrait in chalk (1810).
Caspar David Friedrich (September 5, 1774 – May 7, 1840) was a 19th-century German Romantic landscape painter, generally considered the most important of the movement. He is best known for his mid-period allegorical landscapes which typically...
x Lorenzo Ghiberti Ghiberti
Lorenzo Ghiberti (born Lorenzo di Bartolo) (1378 – 1 December 1455) was an Italian artist of the early Renaissance best known for works in sculpture and metalworking. Ghiberti was born in Florence. His father was Bartoluccio Ghiberti, a trained...
x Alberto Giacometti Three Men Walking II, 1949
Alberto Giacometti (October 10, 1901 – January 11, 1966) was a Swiss sculptor, painter, draftsman, and printmaker. Alberto Giacometti was born in October 1901 in Italian-speaking Switzerland and came from an artistic background - his father,...
x Giotto di Bondone Uffizi Giotto
Giotto di Bondone (c. 1267 – January 8, 1337), better known simply as Giotto, was an Italian painter and architect from Florence in the late Middle Ages. He is generally considered the first in a line of great artists who contributed to the Italian...
x Francisco Goya Goya selfportrait
Francisco José de Goya y Lucientes (30 March 1746 – 16 April 1828) was a Spanish painter and printmaker regarded both as the last of the Old Masters and as the first of the moderns. Goya was a court painter to the Spanish Crown and a chronicler of...
x Giovanni Francesco Barbieri Et-in-Arcadia-ego
Giovanni Francesco Barbieri (February 8, 1591 – December 9, 1666), best known as Guercino or Il Guercino, was an Italian Baroque painter from the region of Emilia, and active in Rome and Bologna. Guercino is Italian for squinter, a nickname that was...
x Théodore Géricault Théodore Géricault: Selbstporträt (rechts) mit Studie eines Löwen
Théodore Géricault (26 September 1791 – 26 January 1824) was a profoundly influential French artist, painter and lithographer, known for The Raft of the Medusa and other paintings. Although he died young, he became one of the pioneers of the...
x Jean-Léon Gérôme Pollice Verso by Jean-Léon Gérôme, 1872 is the immediate source of the "thumbs down" gesture in popular culture
Jean-Léon Gérôme (May 11, 1824 – January 10, 1904) was a French painter and sculptor in the style now known as Academicism. The range of his oeuvre included historical painting, Greek mythology, Orientalism, portraits and other subjects, bringing...
x Eva Hesse  
Eva Hesse (January 11, 1936 - May 29, 1970), was a German-born American sculptor, known for her pioneering work in materials such as latex, fiberglass, and plastics. Hesse was born into a family of observant Jews in Hamburg, Germany. When Hesse was...
x Jean Hey Jean Hey
Jean Hey (or Jean Hay) (fl. ca. 1475 – ca. 1505), now generally identified with the artist formerly known as the Master of Moulins, was an Early Netherlandish painter working in France and the Duchy of Burgundy, and associated with the court of the...
x Hans Holbein the Younger A 1543 portrait miniature of Hans Holbein the Younger by Lucas Horenbout
Hans Holbein the Younger (c. 1497–between 7 and 29 November 1543) was a German artist and printmaker who worked in a Northern Renaissance style. He is best known as one of the greatest portraitists of the 16th century. He also produced religious art...
x William Holman Hunt William Holman Hunt - Self-Portrait
William Holman Hunt OM (2 April 1827 – 7 September 1910) was an English painter, and one of the founders of the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood. Hunt's intended middle name was "Hobman", which he disliked intensely. He chose to call himself Holman when...
x Hannah Höch Hoch-Cut With the Kitchen Knife
Hannah Höch (November 1, 1889 – May 31, 1978) was a German Dada artist. She is best known for her work of the Weimar period, when she was one of the originators of photomontage. She was born Johanne Höch in Gotha, Germany. From 1912 to 1914 she...
x Jean Auguste Dominique Ingres Ingres, Self-portrait
Jean Auguste Dominique Ingres (French pronunciation: [ɛ̃ːɡʁ]) (29 August 1780 – 14 January 1867) was a French Neoclassical painter. Although he considered himself to be a painter of history in the tradition of Nicolas Poussin and Jacques-Louis David...
x Jasper Johns Jasper Johns's 'Flag', Encaustic, oil and collage on fabric mounted on plywood, 1954-55
Jasper Johns, Jr. (born May 15, 1930 in Augusta, Georgia, United States) is an American contemporary artist who works primarily in painting and printmaking. He is represented by the Matthew Marks Gallery. Jasper Johns grew up in Allendale, South...
x Donald Judd Untitled sculpture from 1990
Donald Clarence Judd (June 3, 1928 - February 12, 1994) was a minimalist artist (a term he stridently disavowed). In his work, Judd sought autonomy and clarity for the constructed object and the space created by it, ultimately achieving a rigorously...
x Wassily Kandinsky Wassily Kandinsky
Wassily Wassilyevich Kandinsky (English pronunciation: /kənˈdɪnski/; Russian: Васи́лий Васи́льевич Канди́нский, Vasilij Vasil'evič Kandinskij; 4 December [O.S. 4 December] 1866 – 13 December 1944) was a Russian painter, and art theorist. He is...
x Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Kirchner 1919 portrait
Ernst Ludwig Kirchner (6 May 1880 – 15 June 1938) was a German expressionist painter and printmaker and one of the founders of the artists group Die Brücke or "The Bridge", a key group leading to the foundation of Expressionism in 20th century art....
x Leonardo da Vinci Leonardo self
    Leonardo di ser Piero da Vinci, April 15, 1452 – May 2, 1519) was an Italian polymath, being a scientist, mathematician, engineer, inventor, anatomist, painter, sculptor, architect, botanist, musician and writer. Leonardo...
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