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Alkali metal
The alkali metals are a series of chemical elements forming Group 1 (IUPAC style) of the periodic table: lithium (Li), sodium (Na), potassium (K), rubidium (Rb), caesium (Cs), and francium (Fr). (Hydrogen, although nominally also a member of Group 1, very rarely exhibits behavior comparable to the...
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Francium
Francium (pronounced /ˈfrænsiəm/, FRAN-see-əm), formerly known as eka-caesium and actinium K, is a chemical element that has the symbol Fr and atomic number 87. It has one of the lowest electronegativity of all known elements, and is the second...
Atomic number:
- 87
Boiling Point:
- 676.85 °C (1250.3 °F )
Periodic table block:
Van der Waals radius:
- 200 pm (0.00000787 )
Atomic mass:
- 223 u (3.7E-16 µg )
Discovery Date:
- 1939
Ionization Energy:
- 4.0727 eV (0.0000040727 MeV )
Electronegativity (Pauling scale):
- 0.7
Electron Configuration:
- Rn 7s1
Symbol:
- Fr
Discovering Country:
CAS ID:
- 7440-73-5
Chemical series:
Melting Point:
- 26.85 °C (80.33 °F )
Lithium
Lithium (pronounced /ˈlɪθiəm/, LI-thee-əm) is a soft, silver-white metal that belongs to the alkali metal group of chemical elements. It is represented by the symbol Li, and it has the atomic number three. Under standard conditions it is the...
Discoverer:
Atomic number:
- 3
Boiling Point:
- 1,341.85 °C (2447.35 °F )
Periodic table block:
Van der Waals radius:
- 220 pm (0.00000866 )
Atomic mass:
- 6.941 u (1.153E-17 µg )
Electron affinity:
- 0.61805 eV (6.1805E-7 MeV )
Electrons per shell:
- 2,1
Discovery Date:
- 1817
Ionization Energy:
- 5.3917 eV (0.0000053917 MeV )
Electronegativity (Pauling scale):
- 0.98
Electron Configuration:
- He 2s1
Covalent radius:
- 1.34 pm (5.28E-8 )
Symbol:
- Li
Discovering Country:
CAS ID:
- 7439-93-2
Atomic radius:
- 145 pm (0.00000571 )
Chemical series:
Melting Point:
- 180.55 °C (356.99 °F )
Potassium
Potassium (pronounced /pɵˈtæsiəm/ po-TAS-ee-əm) is the chemical element with the symbol K (Latin: kalium, from Arabic: القَلْيَه al-qalyah “plant ashes”, cf. Alkali from the same root), atomic number 19, and atomic mass 39.0983. Potassium was first...
Discoverer:
Atomic number:
- 19
Boiling Point:
- 759.85 °C (1399.7 °F )
Periodic table block:
Van der Waals radius:
- 280 pm (0.000011 )
Atomic mass:
- 39.0983 u (6.49242E-17 µg )
Electron affinity:
- 0.50146 eV (5.0146E-7 MeV )
Discovery Date:
- 1807
Ionization Energy:
- 4.3407 eV (0.0000043407 MeV )
Electronegativity (Pauling scale):
- 0.82
Electron Configuration:
- Ar 4s1
Covalent radius:
- 1.96 pm (7.72E-8 )
Symbol:
- K
Discovering Country:
CAS ID:
- 7440-09-7
Chemical series:
Melting Point:
- 63.65 °C (146.6 °F )
Rubidium
Rubidium (pronounced /rʊˈbɪdiəm/, roo-BID-ee-əm) is a chemical element with the symbol Rb and atomic number 37. Rb is a soft, silvery-white metallic element of the alkali metal group.
Rubidium is very soft and highly reactive, with properties...
Atomic number:
- 37
Boiling Point:
- 687.85 °C (1270.1 °F )
Periodic table block:
Van der Waals radius:
- 290 pm (0.0000114 )
Atomic mass:
- 85.4678 u (1.41923E-16 µg )
Electron affinity:
- 0.48592 eV (4.8592E-7 MeV )
Discovery Date:
- 1861
Ionization Energy:
- 4.1771 eV (0.0000041771 MeV )
Electronegativity (Pauling scale):
- 0.82
Electron Configuration:
- Kr 5s1
Covalent radius:
- 2.11 pm (8.31E-8 )
Symbol:
- Rb
Discovering Country:
CAS ID:
- 7440-17-7
Chemical series:
Melting Point:
- 39.48 °C (103.1 °F )
Sodium
Sodium (pronounced /ˈsoʊdiəm/, SOH-di-əm) is a metallic element with a symbol Na (from Latin natrium or Arabic natrun) and atomic number 11. It is a soft, silvery-white, highly reactive metal and is a member of the alkali metals within "group 1" ...
Discoverer:
Atomic number:
- 11
Boiling Point:
- 882.85 °C (1621.1 °F )
Periodic table block:
Van der Waals radius:
- 240 pm (0.00000945 )
Atomic mass:
- 22.98977 u (3.81754E-17 µg )
Electron affinity:
- 0.54793 eV (5.4793E-7 MeV )
Discovery Date:
- 1807
Ionization Energy:
- 5.1391 eV (0.0000051391 MeV )
Electronegativity (Pauling scale):
- 0.93
Electron Configuration:
- Ne 3s1
Covalent radius:
- 1.54 pm (6.06E-8 )
Symbol:
- Na
Discovering Country:
CAS ID:
- 7440-23-5
Chemical series:
Melting Point:
- 97.85 °C (208.1 °F )
Caesium
Caesium or cesium (pronounced /ˈsiːziəm/, SEE-zee-əm) is the chemical element with the symbol Cs and atomic number 55. It is a soft, silvery-gold alkali metal with a melting point of 28 °C (83 °F), which makes it one of only five metals that are...
Atomic number:
- 55
Boiling Point:
- 670.85 °C (1239.5 °F )
Periodic table block:
Van der Waals radius:
- 300 pm (0.0000118 )
Atomic mass:
- 132.90545 u (2.2069466E-16 µg )
Electron affinity:
- 0.47163 eV (4.7163E-7 MeV )
Discovery Date:
- 1860
Ionization Energy:
- 3.8939 eV (0.0000038939 MeV )
Electronegativity (Pauling scale):
- 0.79
Electron Configuration:
- Xe 6s1
Covalent radius:
- 2.25 pm (8.86E-8 )
Symbol:
- Cs
Discovering Country:
CAS ID:
- 7440-46-2
Chemical series:
Melting Point:
- 28.39 °C (83.1 °F )
