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Anthropologist
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Alfred Russel Wallace
Alfred Russel Wallace, OM, FRS (8 January 1823 – 7 November 1913) was a British naturalist, explorer, geographer, anthropologist and biologist. He is best known for independently proposing a theory of evolution due to natural selection that prompted...
Date of birth:
- Jan 8, 1823
Date of death:
- Nov 7, 1913 (age 90 years)
Benjamin Whorf
Benjamin Lee Whorf (April 24, 1897 in Winthrop, Massachusetts – July 26, 1941) was an American linguist. Whorf is widely known for his ideas about linguistic relativity, the hypothesis that language influences thought. An important theme in many of...
Date of birth:
- Apr 24, 1897
Date of death:
- Jul 26, 1941 (age 44 years)
Edward Sapir
Edward Sapir (pronounced /səˈpɪər/), (January 26, 1884 – February 4, 1939) was a German-born American anthropologist-linguist and a leader in American structural linguistics. He was one of the creators of what is now called the Sapir-Whorf...
Date of birth:
- Jan 26, 1884
Date of death:
- Feb 4, 1939 (age 55 years)
Franz Boas
Franz Boas (July 9, 1858 – December 21, 1942) was a German American anthropologist and a pioneer of modern anthropology who has been called the "Father of American Anthropology". Like many such pioneers, he trained in other disciplines; he received...
Date of birth:
- Jul 9, 1858
Date of death:
- Dec 21, 1942 (age 84 years)
Kenneth L. Pike
Kenneth Lee Pike (June 9, 1912–December 31, 2000), also known during his life as Ken Pike, was an American linguist and anthropologist. He was the originator of the theory of tagmemics and coiner of the terms "emic" and "etic".
Pike was born in...
Date of birth:
- Jun 9, 1912
Date of death:
- Dec 31, 2000 (age 88 years)
Margaret Mead
Margaret Mead (December 16, 1901 – November 15, 1978) was an American cultural anthropologist, who was frequently a featured writer and speaker in the mass media throughout the 1960s and 1970s.
She was both a popularizer of the insights of...
Date of birth:
- Dec 16, 1901
Date of death:
- Nov 15, 1978 (age 76 years)
Margaret Murray
Margaret Alice Murray (July 13, 1863 – November 13, 1963) was a prominent British anthropologist and Egyptologist. She was well known in academic circles for scholarly contributions to Egyptology and the study of folklore which led to the theory of...
Date of birth:
- Jul 13, 1863
Date of death:
- Nov 13, 1963 (age 100 years)
Ruth Benedict
Ruth Benedict (born Ruth Fulton, June 5, 1887–September 17, 1948) was an American anthropologist.
She was born in New York City, and attended Vassar College, graduating in 1909. She entered graduate studies at Columbia University in 1919, studying...
Date of birth:
- Jun 5, 1887
Date of death:
- Sep 17, 1948 (age 61 years)
Zora Neale Hurston
Zora Neale Hurston (January 7, 1891 – January 28, 1960) was an American folklorist and author during the time of the Harlem Renaissance. Of Hurston's four novels and more than 50 published short stories, plays, and essays, she is best known for her...
Date of birth:
- Jan 7, 1891
Date of death:
- Jan 28, 1960 (age 69 years)
Dell Hymes
Dell Hathaway Hymes (June 7, 1927, Portland, Oregon - November 13, 2009, Charlottesville, Virginia) was a sociolinguist, anthropologist, and folklorist whose work dealt primarily with languages of the Pacific Northwest. He was one of the first to...
Date of birth:
- Jun 7, 1927
Date of death:
- Nov 13, 2009 (age 82 years)
Carlos Castaneda
Carlos Castaneda (25 December 1925 – 27 April 1998) was a Peruvian-born American anthropologist and author. Starting with The Teachings of Don Juan in 1968, Castaneda wrote a series of books that describe his purported training in traditional...
Date of birth:
- Dec 25, 1925
Date of death:
- Apr 27, 1998 (age 72 years)
Carleton S. Coon
Carleton Stevens Coon, (23 June 1904 – 3 June 1981) was an American physical anthropologist, Professor of Anthropology at the University of Pennsylvania, lecturer and professor at Harvard, and president of the American Association of Physical...
Date of birth:
- Jun 23, 1904
Date of death:
- Jun 3, 1981 (age 76 years)
Dian Fossey
Dian Fossey (pronounced /daɪˈæn ˈfɒsi/; January 16, 1932 in San Francisco, California – December 26, 1985, Virunga Mountains, Rwanda) was an American zoologist who undertook an extensive study of gorilla groups over a period of 18 years. She studied...
Date of birth:
- Jan 16, 1932
Date of death:
- Dec 26, 1985 (age 53 years)
Donald Johanson
Donald Carl Johanson (born June 28, 1943) is an American paleoanthropologist. Along with Maurice Taieb, and Yves Coppens he is known for the discovery of the skeleton of the female hominid australopithecine known as "Lucy", in the Afar Triangle...
Date of birth:
- Jun 28, 1943 (age 66 years)
James Mooney
James Mooney (1861-1921) was an American ethnographer who lived for several years among the Cherokee. He did major studies of Southeastern Indians, as well as those on the Great Plains. His most notable works were his ethnographic studies of the...
Date of birth:
- 1861
Date of death:
- 1921 (age 60 years)
Lewis Binford
Lewis Roberts Binford, Ph.D. (born 21 November 1930 in Norfolk, Virginia), is an American archaeologist, known as the leader of the "New Archeology" movement of the 1950s/60s.
Lewis Binford is mainly known for his contributions to archaeological...
Date of birth:
- Nov 21, 1930 (age 79 years)
Georges Bataille
Georges Bataille (French pronunciation: [ʒɔʀʒ baˈtaj]) (September 10, 1897 – July 8, 1962) was a French writer. Although several philosophers have been significantly influenced by his thought, Bataille tended not to refer to himself as a philosopher...
Date of birth:
- Sep 10, 1897
Date of death:
- Jul 8, 1962 (age 64 years)
Akbar S. Ahmed
Akbar Salahuddin Ahmed, Sitara-i-Imtiaz, or Akbar Ahmed, is currently the Ibn Khaldun Chair of Islamic Studies, American University in Washington, D.C., the First Distinguished Chair of Middle East and Islamic Studies at the US Naval Academy,...
Date of birth:
- 1966 (age 44 years)
Raymond Dart
Raymond Arthur Dart (February 4, 1893 – November 22, 1988) was an Australian anatomist and anthropologist. The son of a farmer and tradesman, he was married twice and had two children. He is best known for his discovery in 1924 of a fossil (first...
Date of birth:
- Feb 4, 1893
Date of death:
- Nov 22, 1988 (age 95 years)
E. E. Evans-Pritchard
Sir Edward Evan (E. E.) Evans-Pritchard (21 September, 1902 – 11 September, 1973) was a British anthropologist instrumental in the development of social anthropology in that country. He was professor of social anthropology at Oxford from 1946 to...
Date of birth:
- Sep 21, 1902
Date of death:
- Sep 11, 1973 (age 71 years)
Al-Biruni
Abū Rayḥān Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad Bīrūnī (Persian: ابوریحان محمد بن احمد بیرونی), often known as Alberuni, Al Beruni or variants, (born 5 September 973 in Kath, Khwarezm (now in Uzbekistan), died 13 December 1048 in Ghazni, today's Afghanistan) was a...
Date of birth:
- Sep 5, 973 C.E.
Date of death:
- Dec 13, 1048 (age 75 years)
Marshall Sahlins
Marshall David Sahlins (born December 27, 1930, Chicago, Illinois) is a prominent American anthropologist. He received both a Bachelors and Masters degree at the University of Michigan where he studied with Leslie White, and earned his Ph.D. at...
Date of birth:
- Dec 27, 1930 (age 79 years)
Edward Burnett Tylor
Sir Edward Burnett Tylor (2 October 1832 – 2 January 1917), was an English anthropologist.
Tylor is considered representative of cultural evolutionism. In his works Primitive culture and Anthropology, he defined the context of scientific study of...
Date of birth:
- Oct 2, 1832
Date of death:
- Jan 2, 1917 (age 84 years)
Irven DeVore
Irven DeVore (October 7, 1934) is an anthropologist and evolutionary biologist, and Curator of Primatology at Harvard University's Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology. He also teaches at Harvard.
Professor DeVore was doing field research on...
Date of birth:
- 1934 (age 76 years)
Eugenie Scott
Eugenie Carol Scott (born October 24, 1945) is an American physical anthropologist who has been the executive director of the National Center for Science Education (NCSE) since 1987. She is a leading critic of young earth creationism and intelligent...
Date of birth:
- Oct 24, 1945 (age 64 years)
Theodora Kroeber
Theodora Kracaw Kroeber Quinn (March 24, 1897 - July 4, 1979) was a writer and anthropologist, best known for her accounts of Ishi, the last member of the Yahi tribe of California, and for her retelling of traditional narratives from several Native...
Date of birth:
- Mar 24, 1897
Date of death:
- Jul 4, 1979 (age 82 years)
Randolph Stow
Julian Randolph Stow (born 28 November 1935) is an Australian writer.
Born in Geraldton, Western Australia, he attended Guildford Grammar School and University of Western Australia. He lectured in English Literature at the University of Adelaide,...
Date of birth:
- Nov 28, 1935 (age 74 years)
Mary Catherine Bateson
Mary Catherine Bateson (born December 8, 1939) is an American writer and cultural anthropologist.
A graduate of the Brearley School, Bates is the daughter of Margaret Mead and Gregory Bateson. Since 1960, she has been married to Barkev Kassarjian, a...
Date of birth:
- Dec 8, 1939 (age 70 years)
Liza Dalby
Liza Crihfield Dalby (born 1950) is an American anthropologist and novelist specializing in Japanese culture.
She is a 1972 graduate of Swarthmore College, receiving her Masters in 1974 and her Ph.D. from Stanford University in 1978. The title of...
Date of birth:
- 1950 (age 60 years)
Donald Cole
Donald Powell Cole (March 21, 1941 in Bryan, Texas) is a noted anthropologist at the American University in Cairo. He joined the university in 1971. He is a member of the American Anthropological Association. Cole has studied Arab nomadic cultures,...
Alfred L. Kroeber
Alfred Louis Kroeber (June 11, 1876 – October 5, 1960) was one of the most influential figures in American anthropology in the first half of the twentieth century.
Kroeber was born in Hoboken, New Jersey and attended Columbia College at the age of...
Date of birth:
- Jun 11, 1876
Date of death:
- Oct 5, 1960 (age 84 years)
George Murdock
George Peter Murdock (May 11, 1897 - March 29, 1985) was a notable anthropologist. Born in Meriden, Connecticut to a family that had farmed there for five generations, he spent many childhood hours working on the family farm, and acquired a wide...
Date of birth:
- May 11, 1897
Date of death:
- Mar 29, 1985 (age 87 years)
Lewis H. Morgan
Lewis Henry Morgan (November 21, 1818 – December 17, 1881) was a pioneering American anthropologist and social theorist, and one of the greatest social scientists of the nineteenth century in the United States. He is best known for his work on...
Date of birth:
- Nov 21, 1818
Date of death:
- Dec 17, 1881 (age 63 years)
Clark Wissler
Clark Wissler (September 18, 1870 – August 25, 1947) was an American anthropologist.
Born near Hagerstown, Indiana, Wissler graduated from Indiana University in 1897. He received his doctorate in psychology from Columbia University in 1901. After...
Date of birth:
- Sep 18, 1870
Date of death:
- Aug 25, 1947 (age 76 years)
Grafton Elliot Smith
Sir Grafton Elliot Smith, FRS FRCP (15 August 1871 – 1 January 1937) was an Australian anatomist and a famous proponent of the hyperdiffusionist view of prehistory.
Smith was born in Grafton, New South Wales. He was awarded a degree in medicine at...
Date of birth:
- Aug 15, 1871
Date of death:
- Jan 1, 1937 (age 65 years)
Henry Schoolcraft
Henry Rowe Schoolcraft (March 28, 1793 – December 10, 1864) was an American geographer, geologist, and ethnologist, noted for his early studies of Native American cultures, as well as for his 1832 discovery of the source of the Mississippi River. He...
Date of birth:
- Mar 28, 1793
Date of death:
- Dec 10, 1864 (age 71 years)
Robert Ripley
Robert LeRoy Ripley (December 25, 1890 - May 27, 1949) was an American cartoonist, entrepreneur and amateur anthropologist, who created the world famous Ripley's Believe It or Not! newspaper panel series, radio show, and television show which...
Date of birth:
- Dec 25, 1890
Date of death:
- May 27, 1949 (age 58 years)
Napoleon Chagnon
Napoleon A. Chagnon (pronounced /ˈʃæɡnən/ SHAG-nən) is an American anthropologist and retired professor emeritus at the University of California at Santa Barbara. Chagnon, born in 1938 in Port Austin, Michigan, is best known for his long-term...
Date of birth:
- 1938 (age 72 years)
Martin Gray
Martin Gray is an anthropologist and photographer. His work over twenty years specializing in the sacred sites and pilgrimage traditions were the result of visits to over a thousand sites in eighty countries.
He is best known for his website, Sacred...
William Graham Sumner
William Graham Sumner (October 30, 1840 – April 12, 1910) was an American academic and professor at Yale College. For many years he had a reputation as one of the most influential teachers there. He was a polymath with numerous books and essays on...
Date of birth:
- Oct 30, 1840
Date of death:
- Apr 12, 1910 (age 69 years)
Johann Jakob Bachofen
Johann Jakob Bachofen (1815 – 1887) was a Swiss anthropologist and sociologist, who is most often connected with his research into the matriarchal clans around which primates evolved into hominids, or Mutterrecht, the title of his seminal 1861 book...
Date of birth:
- 1815
Date of death:
- 1887 (age 72 years)
Raoul Naroll
Raoul Naroll (September 10, 1920 – June 25, 1985) was an anthropologist who did much to promote the methodology of cross-cultural studies. He was born in Toronto, Ontario but was raised in Los Angeles and attended UCLA at the age of 16, dropping out...
Date of birth:
- Sep 10, 1920
Date of death:
- Jun 25, 1985 (age 64 years)
Leopold von Schrenck
Leopold Ivanovich von Schrenck (Russian: Леопольд Иванович фон Шренк; 1826 – 8 January 1894) was a Russian zoologist, geographer and ethnographer.
Schrenck was a Baltic German born and brought up near Chotenj, south-west of St Petersburg. He...
Date of birth:
- 1826
Date of death:
- Jan 8, 1894 (age 68 years)
Clifford Geertz
Clifford James Geertz (August 23, 1926, San Francisco – October 30, 2006, Philadelphia) was a highly influential American anthropologist known mostly for his strong support for and influence on the practice of symbolic anthropology. He served until...
Date of birth:
- Aug 23, 1926
Date of death:
- Oct 30, 2006 (age 80 years)
Mary Leakey
Mary Leakey (February 6, 1913 – December 9, 1996) was a British archaeologist and anthropologist, who discovered the first skull of a fossil ape on Rusinga Island and also a noted robust Australopithecine called Zinjanthropus at Olduvai. For much of...
Date of birth:
- Feb 6, 1913
Date of death:
- Dec 9, 1996 (age 83 years)
Dorinne K. Kondo
Dorinne K. Kondo is a Professor of Anthropology and American Studies at the University of Southern California. Kondo is author of Crafting Selves: Power, Gender, and Discourses of Identity in a Japanese Workplace and About Face: Performing Race in...
William S. Laughlin
William S. Laughlin (August 26, 1919 – April 6, 2001) was an American anthropologist who carried on research and wrote about aboriginal peoples in the Aleutians and Greenland.
Date of birth:
- Aug 26, 1919
Date of death:
- Apr 6, 2001 (age 81 years)
Eric Wolf
Eric Robert Wolf (February 1, 1923 – March 6, 1999) was an anthropologist, best known for his studies of peasants, Latin America, and his advocacy of Marxian perspectives within anthropology.
Wolf was born in Vienna, but his Jewish family moved...
Date of birth:
- Feb 1, 1923
Date of death:
- Mar 6, 1999 (age 76 years)
John R. Swanton
John Reed Swanton (19 February 1873 – 2 May 1958) was an American anthropologist who worked with Native American peoples throughout the United States.
Born in Gardiner, Maine, Swanton's work in the fields of ethnology and ethnohistory is well...
Date of birth:
- Feb 19, 1873
Date of death:
- May 2, 1958 (age 85 years)
Ashley Montagu
Montague Francis Ashley Montagu (born Israel Ehrenberg on June 28, 1905, London, Great Britain - died November 26, 1999, Princeton, New Jersey), was a British-American anthropologist and humanist who popularized issues such as race and gender and...
Date of birth:
- Jun 28, 1905
Date of death:
- Nov 26, 1999 (age 94 years)
Grover Krantz
Grover Sanders Krantz (November 5, 1931 – February 14, 2002) was a professor of physical anthropology at Washington State University, perhaps most famous to the general public as one of the few scientists to not only research Bigfoot but to also...
Date of birth:
- Nov 5, 1931
Date of death:
- Feb 14, 2002 (age 70 years)
Edward S. Morse
Edward Sylvester Morse (June 18, 1838 – December 20, 1925) was an American zoologist and orientalist.
Morse was born in Portland, Maine. He was expelled from a series of schools as a boy. As a young man, he worked as a mechanical draftsman at the...
Date of birth:
- Jun 18, 1838
Date of death:
- Dec 20, 1925 (age 87 years)
Terrence Deacon
Terrence Deacon is an American anthropologist (Ph.D. in Biological Anthropology, Harvard University 1984). He taught at Harvard for eight years, relocated to Boston University in 1992, and is currently Professor of Biological Anthropology and...
Julian Steward
Julian Haynes Steward (January 31, 1902 – February 6, 1972) was an American anthropologist best known for his role in developing "the concept and method" of cultural ecology, as well as a scientific theory of culture change.
Steward was born in...
Date of birth:
- Jan 31, 1902
Date of death:
- Feb 6, 1972 (age 70 years)
Conrad Kottak
Conrad Kottak (born October 6, 1942 in Atlanta, Georgia) is an American anthropologist. He did extensive research in Brazil and Madagascar, visiting societies there and writing books about them. He then wrote several textbooks (see list below) such...
Date of birth:
- Oct 6, 1942 (age 67 years)
Edward T. Hall
Edward Twitchell Hall Jr. (May 16, 1914 – July 20, 2009) was an anthropologist and cross-cultural researcher.
Born in Webster Groves, Missouri, Hall taught at the University of Denver, Colorado, Bennington College in Vermont, Harvard Business School...
Date of birth:
- May 16, 1914
Date of death:
- Jul 20, 2009 (age 95 years)
Marvin Harris
Marvin Harris (August 18, 1927 – October 25, 2001) was an American anthropologist. He was born in Brooklyn, New York. A prolific writer, he was highly influential in the development of cultural materialism. In his work he combined Karl Marx's...
Date of birth:
- Aug 18, 1927
Date of death:
- Oct 25, 2001 (age 74 years)
Dmitry Nikolayevich Anuchin
Dmitry Nikolayevich Anuchin portrait (1843 – 1923) was a Russian anthropologist, ethnographist, archaeologist, and geographer. He was a member of the Russian GeographicaL Society and convened the ethnographic sub-section of the Twelfth Congress of...
Date of birth:
- 1843
Date of death:
- 1923 (age 80 years)
Leslie White
Leslie Alvin White (19 January 1900, Salida, Colorado – 31 March 1975, Lone Pine, California) was an American anthropologist known for his advocacy of theories of cultural evolution, sociocultural evolution, and especially neoevolutionism, and for...
Date of birth:
- Jan 19, 1900
Date of death:
- Mar 31, 1975 (age 75 years)
Horace Mitchell Miner
Horace Mitchell Miner (born on May 26, 1912, in St. Paul, Minnesota, died in Ann Arbor, Michigan, in November 1993) was an anthropologist, particularly interested in those societies of his time that were still closely tied to the earth. In 1955, he...
Date of birth:
- 1912
Date of death:
- 1993 (age 81 years)
