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Chemist
A chemist is a scientist trained in the science of chemistry. Chemists study the composition of matter and its properties such as density, acidity, size and shape. Chemists carefully describe the properties they study in terms of quantities, with detail on the level of molecules and their component...
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Alfred Nobel
Alfred Bernhard Nobel (help·info) (Stockholm, Sweden, 21 October 1833 – Sanremo, Italy, 10 December 1896) was a Swedish chemist, engineer, innovator, armaments manufacturer and the inventor of dynamite. He owned Bofors, a major armaments...
Date of birth:
- Oct 21, 1833
Date of death:
- Dec 10, 1896 (age 63 years)
Avicenna
Abū ‘Alī al-Ḥusayn ibn ‘Abd Allāh ibn Sīnā', known as Abū Alī Sīnā (Persian: ابوعلی سینا) or, more commonly, Ibn Sīnā (Arabic: ابن سینا), and commonly known in English by his Latinized name Avicenna (Greek: Aβιτζιανός, Abitzianos), (c. 980 - 1037)...
Date of birth:
- 980 C.E.
Date of death:
- 1037 (age 57 years)
Arthur Aikin
Arthur Aikin (19 May 1773 – 15 April 1854), English chemist, mineralogist and scientific writer, was born in Warrington, Lancashire.
He was the son of Dr. John Aikin.
He studied chemistry under Joseph Priestley at Warrington Academy, and gave...
Date of birth:
- May 19, 1773
Date of death:
- Apr 15, 1854 (age 80 years)
Albertus Magnus
Saint Albertus Magnus, O.P. (1193/1206 – November 15, 1280), also known as Saint Albert the Great and Albert of Cologne, was a Dominican friar and bishop who achieved fame for his comprehensive knowledge of and advocacy for the peaceful coexistence...
Date of birth:
- 1193
Date of death:
- Nov 15, 1280 (age 87 years)
Antoine Lavoisier
Antoine-Laurent de Lavoisier (26 August 1743 – 8 May 1794); French pronunciation: [ɑ̃ˈtwan lɔˈʁɑ̃ də la.vwaˈzje]), the father of modern chemistry, was a French noble prominent in the histories of chemistry and biology. He stated the first version of...
Date of birth:
- Aug 26, 1743
Date of death:
- May 8, 1794 (age 50 years)
Adolph Wilhelm Hermann Kolbe
Adolph Wilhelm Hermann Kolbe (September 27, 1818 – November 25, 1884) was a German chemist. He never used the first two of his given names, preferring to be known simply as Hermann Kolbe.
Kolbe was born in Elliehausen, near Göttingen, Kingdom of...
Date of birth:
- Sep 27, 1818
Date of death:
- Nov 25, 1884 (age 66 years)
Alessandro Volta
Count Alessandro Giuseppe Antonio Anastasio Volta (February 18, 1745 – March 5, 1827) was an Italian physicist known especially for the development of the first electric cell in 1800.
Volta was born in Como, Italy and was taught in the public...
Date of birth:
- Feb 18, 1745
Date of death:
- Mar 5, 1827 (age 82 years)
Catherine Coleman
Catherine Grace "Cady" Coleman (born December 14, 1960, in Charleston, South Carolina) is a colonel in the United States Air Force and a NASA astronaut. She is a veteran of two Space Shuttle missions.
In 1979–1980 she was an exchange student at...
Date of birth:
- Dec 14, 1960 (age 49 years)
Claude Louis Berthollet
Claude Louis Berthollet (9 December 1748 – 6 November 1822) was a Savoyard-French chemist who became vice president of the French Senate in 1804.
Claude Louis Berthollet was born in Talloires, near Annecy, then part of the Duchy of Savoy, in 1749....
Date of birth:
- Dec 9, 1748
Date of death:
- Nov 6, 1822 (age 73 years)
Ernest Rutherford
Ernest Rutherford, 1st Baron Rutherford of Nelson, OM, FRS (30 August 1871–19 October 1937) was a New Zealand chemist and physicist who became known as the father of nuclear physics. He discovered that atoms have their positive charge concentrated...
Date of birth:
- Aug 30, 1871
Date of death:
- Oct 19, 1937 (age 66 years)
Friedrich Wöhler
Friedrich Wöhler (31 July 1800 - 23 September 1882) was a German chemist, best-known for his synthesis of urea, but also the first to isolate several chemical elements.
He was born in Eschersheim, which belonged to Hanau at the time but is nowadays...
Date of birth:
- Jul 31, 1800
Date of death:
- Sep 23, 1882 (age 82 years)
Friedrich August Kekulé von Stradonitz
Friedrich August Kekule von Stradonitz (also August Kekulé) (7 September 1829 – 13 July 1896) was a German organic chemist. One of the most prominent chemists in Europe from the 1850s until his death, especially in the theoretical realm, he was the...
Date of birth:
- Sep 7, 1829
Date of death:
- Jul 13, 1896 (age 66 years)
Frederick Augustus Abel
Sir Frederick Augustus Abel, 1st Baronet FRS (17 July 1827–6 September 1902) was an English chemist and inventor who developed explosives. As a chemist to the War Department, he introduced a method of making gun-cotton and was joint-inventor with...
Date of birth:
- Jul 17, 1827
Date of death:
- Sep 6, 1902 (age 75 years)
Frederick Soddy
Frederick Soddy (2 September 1877 – 22 September 1956) was an English radiochemist who explained, with Ernest Rutherford, that radioactivity is due to the transmutation of elements, now known to involve nuclear reactions. He also proved the...
Date of birth:
- Sep 2, 1877
Date of death:
- Sep 22, 1956 (age 79 years)
Gilbert N. Lewis
Gilbert Newton Lewis (October 23, 1875 – March 23, 1946) was an American physical chemist known for the discovery of the covalent bond (see his Lewis dot structures and his 1916 paper "The Atom and the Molecule"), his purification of heavy water,...
Date of birth:
- Oct 23, 1875
Date of death:
- Mar 23, 1946 (age 70 years)
Glenn T. Seaborg
Glenn Theodore Seaborg (Swedish: Glenn Teodor Sjöberg; April 19, 1912 – February 25, 1999) was an American scientist who won the 1951 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for "discoveries in the chemistry of the transuranium elements," contributed to the...
Date of birth:
- Apr 19, 1912
Date of death:
- Feb 25, 1999 (age 86 years)
Hilaire Rouelle
Hilaire Marin Rouelle (1718–1779) was a French chemist. In 1773, he discovered urea. He is known as "le cadet" (the younger) to distinguish him from his older brother, Guillaume-François Rouelle, who was also a chemist.
Date of birth:
- 1718
Date of death:
- 1779 (age 61 years)
Humphry Davy
Sir Humphry Davy, 1st Baronet FRS MRIA (17 December 1778 – 29 May 1829) was a British chemist and inventor. He is probably best remembered today for his discoveries of several alkali and alkaline earth metals, as well as contributions to the...
Date of birth:
- Dec 17, 1778
Date of death:
- May 29, 1829 (age 50 years)
Harold Kroto
Sir Harold (Harry) Walter Kroto, KCB, FRS (born 7 October 1939) is an English chemist and one of the three recipients to share the 1996 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
He is currently on faculty at Florida State University, which he joined in 2004; prior...
Date of birth:
- Oct 7, 1939 (age 70 years)
Isaac Newton
Sir Isaac Newton FRS (4 January 1643 – 31 March 1727 [OS: 25 December 1642 – 20 March 1727]) was an English physicist, mathematician, astronomer, natural philosopher, alchemist, and theologian who is perceived and considered by a substantial number...
Date of birth:
- Jan 4, 1643
Date of death:
- Mar 31, 1727 (age 84 years)
Justus von Liebig
Justus von Liebig (12 May 1803 – 18 April 1873) was a German chemist who made major contributions to agricultural and biological chemistry, and worked on the organization of organic chemistry. As a professor, he devised the modern laboratory...
Date of birth:
- May 12, 1803
Date of death:
- Apr 18, 1873 (age 69 years)
John James Richard Macleod
John James Rickard Macleod (September 6, 1876 – March 16, 1935) was a Scottish physician, physiologist, and recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
Macleod was born at Clunie, Perth and Kinross, Scotland. He was the son of the Rev....
Date of birth:
- Sep 6, 1876
Date of death:
- Mar 16, 1935 (age 58 years)
John Pople
Sir John Anthony Pople, KBE, FRS, (October 31, 1925 – March 15, 2004) was a theoretical chemist. Born in Burnham on Sea, Somerset, England, he attended Bristol Grammar School. He won a scholarship to Trinity College, Cambridge in 1943. He received...
Date of birth:
- Oct 31, 1925
Date of death:
- Mar 15, 2004 (age 78 years)
Johannes Nicolaus Brønsted
Johannes Nicolaus Brønsted born in Varde (February 22, 1879 – December 17, 1947) was a Danish physical chemist.
He received a degree in chemical engineering in 1899 and his Ph. D. in 1908 from the University of Copenhagen. He was immediately...
Date of birth:
- Feb 22, 1879
Date of death:
- Dec 17, 1947 (age 68 years)
Kary Mullis
Kary Banks Mullis (born December 28, 1944) is an American biochemist and Nobel laureate. Mullis shared the 1993 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Michael Smith. Mullis received the prize for his development of the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), a...
Date of birth:
- Dec 28, 1944 (age 65 years)
Konrad Emil Bloch
Konrad Emil Bloch (b. January 21, 1912 – October 15, 2000) was a German American biochemist. Bloch received Nobel Prize in Medicine or Physiology in 1964 (joint with Feodor Lynen) for discoveries concerning the mechanism and regulation of the...
Date of birth:
- Jan 21, 1912
Date of death:
- Oct 15, 2000 (age 88 years)
Louis Pasteur
Louis Pasteur (pronounced: [pastøʁ] December 27, 1822 – September 28, 1895) was a French chemist and microbiologist born in Dole. He is remembered for his remarkable breakthroughs in the causes and preventions of disease. His discoveries reduced...
Date of birth:
- Dec 27, 1822
Date of death:
- Sep 28, 1895 (age 72 years)
Michael Polanyi
Michael Polanyi, FRS (born Polányi Mihály) (March 11, 1891, Budapest – February 22, 1976, Northampton) was a Hungarian–British polymath whose thought and work extended across physical chemistry, economics, and philosophy. He was a Fellow of the...
Date of birth:
- Mar 11, 1891
Date of death:
- Feb 22, 1976 (age 85 years)
Michael Faraday
Michael Faraday, FRS (22 September 1791 – 25 August 1867) was an English chemist and physicist (or natural philosopher, in the terminology of the time) who contributed to the fields of electromagnetism and electrochemistry.
Faraday studied the...
Date of birth:
- Sep 22, 1791
Date of death:
- Aug 25, 1867 (age 75 years)
Margaret Thatcher
Margaret Hilda Thatcher, Baroness Thatcher LG, OM, PC, FRS (born 13 October 1925) served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1979 to 1990 and Leader of the Conservative Party from 1975 to 1990. She is the only woman to have held either post...
Date of birth:
- Oct 13, 1925 (age 84 years)
Marie Curie
Marie Skłodowska Curie (7 November 1867 – 4 July 1934) was a physicist and chemist of Polish upbringing and, subsequently, French citizenship. She was a pioneer in the field of radioactivity, the first person honored with two Nobel Prizes, receiving...
Date of birth:
- Nov 7, 1867
Date of death:
- Jul 4, 1934 (age 66 years)
Martin Lowry
Thomas Martin Lowry (26 October, 1874 - 2 November 1936) was an English physical chemist.
He was born in Low Moor, Bradford, West Yorkshire, England. In his secondary school, he realised that he wanted to be a chemist.
He studied chemistry under...
Date of birth:
- Oct 26, 1874
Date of death:
- Nov 2, 1936 (age 62 years)
Norman Hackerman
Norman Hackerman (March 2, 1912 – June 16, 2007) was an American chemist, internationally known as an expert in metal corrosion, and a former president of both the University of Texas at Austin (1967 – 1970) and Rice University (1970 – 1985).
Born...
Date of birth:
- Mar 2, 1912
Date of death:
- Jun 16, 2007 (age 95 years)
Pierre Curie
Pierre Curie (15 May 1859 – 19 April 1906) was a French physicist, a pioneer in crystallography, magnetism, piezoelectricity and radioactivity, and Nobel laureate. In 1903 he received the Nobel Prize in Physics with his wife, Maria Skłodowska-Curie,...
Date of birth:
- May 15, 1859
Date of death:
- Apr 19, 1906 (age 46 years)
Richard Smalley
Richard Errett Smalley (June 6, 1943 – October 28, 2005) was the Gene and Norman Hackerman Professor of Chemistry and a Professor of Physics and Astronomy at Rice University, in Houston, Texas. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1996 for...
Date of birth:
- Jun 6, 1943
Date of death:
- Oct 28, 2005 (age 62 years)
Robert Curl
Robert Floyd Curl, Jr. (born August 23, 1933) the son of a Methodist Minister is an emeritus professor of chemistry at Rice University.
He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1996 for the discovery of fullerene (with the late Richard Smalley...
Date of birth:
- Aug 23, 1933 (age 76 years)
Roger Bacon
Roger Bacon, O.F.M. (c. 1214–1294), also known as Doctor Mirabilis (Latin: "wonderful teacher"), was an English philosopher and Franciscan friar who placed considerable emphasis on empiricism. He is sometimes credited as one of the earliest European...
Date of birth:
- 1214
Date of death:
- 1294 (age 80 years)
Robert Bunsen
Robert Wilhelm Eberhard Bunsen (31 March 1811 – 16 August 1899) was a German chemist. He investigated emission spectra of heated elements, and with Gustav Kirchhoff he discovered caesium (in 1860) and rubidium (in 1861). Bunsen developed several gas...
Date of birth:
- Mar 31, 1811
Date of death:
- Aug 16, 1899 (age 88 years)
Richard R. Ernst
Richard Robert Ernst (born August 14, 1933) is a Swiss physical chemist and Nobel Laureate.
Born in Winterthur, Switzerland, Ernst was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1991 for his contributions towards the development of Fourier Transform...
Date of birth:
- Aug 14, 1933 (age 76 years)
Robert Parr
Robert Ghormley Parr (born September 22, 1921) is a theoretical chemist. He is a Chemistry Professor at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
Parr received an A. B. degree magna cum laude from Brown University in 1942, and then entered...
Date of birth:
- Sep 22, 1921 (age 88 years)
Rudolph Pariser
Rudolph Pariser (born December 8, 1923) is a physical and polymer chemist. He was born in Harbin, China to merchant parents. He attended the Von Hindenburg Schule in Harbin, an American Missionary School in Beijing and American School in Tokyo. He...
Date of birth:
- Dec 8, 1923 (age 86 years)
Roald Hoffmann
Roald Hoffmann (born July 18, 1937) is a Polish-American theoretical chemist who won the 1981 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. He currently teaches at Cornell University in Ithaca, New York.
Hoffmann was born in Złoczów, Poland (now Ukraine) to a Jewish...
Date of birth:
- Jul 18, 1937 (age 72 years)
William Crookes
Sir William Crookes, OM, FRS (17 June 1832 – 4 April 1919) was a chemist and physicist who attended the Royal College of Chemistry, in London, and worked on spectroscopy.
He was pioneer of vacuum tubes, inventing the Crookes tube.
William Crookes...
Date of birth:
- Jun 17, 1832
Date of death:
- Apr 4, 1919 (age 86 years)
Tycho Brahe
Tycho Brahe, born Tyge Ottesen Brahe (de Knudstrup) (14 December 1546 – 24 October 1601), was a Danish nobleman known for his accurate and comprehensive astronomical and planetary observations. Coming from Scania, then part of Denmark, now part of...
Date of birth:
- Dec 14, 1546
Date of death:
- Oct 24, 1601 (age 54 years)
Vladimir Vernadsky
Vladimir Ivanovich Vernadsky (Ukrainian : Володимир Іванович Вернадський, Russian : Владимир Иванович Вернадский) (March 12 [O.S. February 28] 1863 - January 6, 1945) was a Russian and Soviet mineralogist and geochemist who is considered one of the...
Date of birth:
- Mar 12, 1863
Date of death:
- Jan 6, 1945 (age 81 years)
Vladimir Vasilevich Markovnikov
Vladimir Vasilyevich Markovnikov (Russian: Марковников, Владимир Васильевич), also spelled as Markownikoff (December 22, 1838 in Nizhny Novgorod - February 11, 1904) was a Russian chemist.
Markovnikov first studied economics and became, after...
Date of birth:
- Dec 22, 1838
Date of death:
- Feb 11, 1904 (age 65 years)
Walter Gilbert
Walter Gilbert is Chairman of the Board of Directors and Co-Founder
of Paratek Pharmaceuticals. A well-known molecular biologist, he
is the Carl M. Loeb University Professor, Harvard University.
...
Date of birth:
- Mar 21, 1932 (age 77 years)
William Lipscomb
William Nunn Lipscomb, Jr. (born December 9, 1919) is an American inorganic chemist, working in experimental and theoretical chemistry and biochemistry.
He was born in Cleveland, Ohio, but his family moved to Lexington, Kentucky when he was an...
Date of birth:
- Dec 9, 1919 (age 90 years)
Wilhelm Ostwald
Friedrich Wilhelm Ostwald (Latvian: Vilhelms Ostvalds; 2 September 1853 – 4 April 1932) was a Baltic German chemist. He received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1909 for his work on catalysis, chemical equilibria and reaction velocities. Ostwald,...
Date of birth:
- Sep 2, 1853
Date of death:
- Apr 4, 1932 (age 78 years)
Svante Arrhenius
Svante August Arrhenius (19 February 1859 – 2 October 1927) was a Swedish scientist, originally a physicist, but often referred to as a chemist, and one of the founders of the science of physical chemistry. The Arrhenius equation, lunar crater...
Date of birth:
- Feb 19, 1859
Date of death:
- Oct 2, 1927 (age 68 years)
Peter Debye
Peter Joseph William Debye (March 24, 1884 – November 2, 1966) was a Dutch physicist and physical chemist, and Nobel laureate in Chemistry.
Born Petrus Josephus Wilhelmus Debije in Maastricht, Netherlands, Debye attended the Aachen University of...
Date of birth:
- Mar 24, 1884
Date of death:
- Nov 2, 1966 (age 82 years)
Lars Onsager
Lars Onsager (November 27, 1903 – October 5, 1976) was a Norwegian–American physical chemist and theoretical physicist, winner of the 1968 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. He had the Gibbs Professorship of Theoretical Chemistry at Yale University.
Lars...
Date of birth:
- Nov 27, 1903
Date of death:
- Oct 5, 1976 (age 72 years)
Josiah Willard Gibbs
Josiah Willard Gibbs (February 11, 1839 – April 28, 1903) was an American theoretical physicist, chemist, and mathematician. He devised much of the theoretical foundation for chemical thermodynamics as well as physical chemistry. As a mathematician,...
Date of birth:
- Feb 11, 1839
Date of death:
- Apr 28, 1903 (age 64 years)
Linus Pauling
Linus Carl Pauling (February 28, 1901 – August 19, 1994) was an American chemist, peace activist, author, and educator. He was one of the most influential chemists in history and ranks among the most important scientists in any field of the 20th...
Date of birth:
- Feb 28, 1901
Date of death:
- Aug 19, 1994 (age 93 years)
Erich Hückel
Erich Armand Arthur Joseph Hückel (August 9, 1896 - February 16, 1980) was a German physicist and physical chemist. He is known for two major contributions:
Hückel was born in the Charlottenburg suburb of Berlin. He studied physics and mathematics...
Date of birth:
- Aug 9, 1896
Date of death:
- Feb 16, 1980 (age 83 years)
Robert S. Mulliken
Robert Sanderson Mulliken (June 7, 1896 – October 31, 1986) was an American physicist and chemist, primarily responsible for the early development of molecular orbital theory, i.e. the elaboration of the molecular orbital method of computing the...
Date of birth:
- Jun 7, 1896
Date of death:
- Oct 31, 1986 (age 90 years)
Johan August Arfwedson
Johan August Arfwedson (12 January 1792 – 28 October 1841) was a Swedish chemist who discovered the chemical element lithium in 1817 by isolating it as a salt.
Arfwedson belonged to a wealthy bourgeois family, the son of the wholesale merchant and...
Date of birth:
- Jan 12, 1792
Date of death:
- Oct 28, 1841 (age 49 years)
Primo Levi
Primo Michele Levi (31 July 1919 – 11 April 1987) was a Jewish-Italian chemist, Holocaust survivor and author of memoirs, short stories, poems, essays and novels.
He is best known for his work on the Holocaust, and in particular his account of the...
Date of birth:
- Jul 31, 1919
Date of death:
- Apr 11, 1987 (age 67 years)
Casimir Funk
Kazimierz Funk (February 23, 1884 – November 20, 1967), commonly anglicized as Casimir Funk, was a Polish biochemist, generally credited with the first formulation of the concept of Vitamins in 1912 , which he called vital amines or vitamines.
After...
Date of birth:
- Feb 23, 1884
Date of death:
- Nov 20, 1967 (age 83 years)
Joseph Priestley
Joseph Priestley (13 March 1733 (Old Style) – 6 February 1804) was an 18th-century English theologian, Dissenting clergyman, natural philosopher, educator, and political theorist who published over 150 works. He is usually credited with the...
Date of birth:
- Mar 13, 1733
Date of death:
- Feb 6, 1804 (age 70 years)
