Hīnayāna (हीनयान) is a Sanskrit and Pāli term literally meaning: "the low vehicle", "the inferior vehicle", or "the deficient vehicle".
According to the MacMillan Library Reference Encyclopedia of Buddhism, it is a polemical term coined by Mahāyāna Buddhists to denigrate their opponents. The term appeared around the 1st or 2nd century CE. Its use in scholarly publications...