Multi-paradigm programming language

Programming languages can be grouped by the number and types of paradigms supported. A concise reference for the programming paradigms listed in this article.

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  • Stack-oriented programming language

    Stack-oriented programming language

    A stack-oriented programming language is one that relies on a stack machine model for passing parameters. Several programming languages fit this description, notably Forth, RPL, PostScript, BibTeX style design language and also many Assembly languages (but on a much lower level). Stack-oriented...
  • Dynamic programming language

    Dynamic programming language is a term used broadly in computer science to describe a class of high-level programming languages that execute at runtime many common behaviors that other languages might perform during compilation, if at all. These behaviors could include extension of the program, by...
  • Procedural programming

    Procedural programming can sometimes be used as a synonym for imperative programming (specifying the steps the program must take to reach the desired state), but can also refer (as in this article) to a programming paradigm, derived from structured programming, based upon the concept of the...
  • Object-oriented programming

    Object-oriented programming (OOP) is a programming paradigm using "objects" – data structures consisting of data fields and methods together with their interactions – to design applications and computer programs. Programming techniques may include features such as data abstraction, encapsulation,...
  • Interpreted language

    Interpreted language is a programming language in which programs are 'indirectly' executed ("interpreted") by an interpreter program. This can be contrasted with a compiled language which is converted into machine code and then 'directly' executed by the host CPU. Theoretically, any language may be...
  • Concurrent computing

    Concurrent computing is a form of computing in which programs are designed as collections of interacting computational processes that may be executed in parallel. Concurrent programs (processes or threads) can be executed on a single processor by interleaving the execution steps of each in a time...
  • Generic programming

    In the simplest definition, generic programming is a style of computer programming in which algorithms are written in terms of to-be-specified-later types that are then instantiated when needed for specific types provided as parameters. This approach, pioneered by Ada in 1983, permits writing...
  • Functional programming

    In computer science, functional programming is a programming paradigm that treats computation as the evaluation of mathematical functions and avoids state and mutable data. It emphasizes the application of functions, in contrast to the imperative programming style, which emphasizes changes in state...
  • Imperative programming

    In computer science, imperative programming is a programming paradigm that describes computation in terms of statements that change a program state. In much the same way that imperative mood in natural languages expresses commands to take action, imperative programs define sequences of commands for...
  • Reflective programming

    A Reflective programming language or system is one that includes the ability of a program to reference its own program state and instructions as a data structure. It is not necessary for a reflective programming language to modify its own programs as they are running (this is a self-modifying...

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