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Nobel Prize in Physics
The Nobel Prize in Physics (Swedish: Nobelpriset i fysik) is awarded once a year by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. It is one of the five Nobel Prizes established by the will of Alfred Nobel in 1895 and awarded since 1901; the others are the Nobel Prize in chemistry, Nobel Prize in...
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Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen
Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen (27 March 1845 – 10 February 1923) was a German physicist, who, on 8 November 1895, produced and detected electromagnetic radiation in a wavelength range today known as x-rays or Röntgen rays, an achievement that earned him...
Hendrik Lorentz
Hendrik Antoon Lorentz (18 July 1853 – 4 February 1928) was a Dutch physicist who shared the 1902 Nobel Prize in Physics with Pieter Zeeman for the discovery and theoretical explanation of the Zeeman effect. He also derived the transformation...
- Awards Won
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- x Year:
- 1902
- x Award:
- Nobel Prize in Physics
- x Award Winner:
- Pieter Zeeman
- x Winning work:
- x Notes/Description:
- In recognition of the extraordinary service they rendered by their researches into the influence of magnetism upon radiation phenomena.
Pieter Zeeman
Pieter Zeeman (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈzeːmɑn]) (25 May 1865 – 9 October 1943) was a Dutch physicist who shared the 1902 Nobel Prize in Physics with Hendrik Lorentz for his discovery of the Zeeman effect.
Pieter Zeeman was born in Zonnemaire, a small...
- Awards Won
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- x Year:
- 1902
- x Award:
- Nobel Prize in Physics
- x Award Winner:
- Hendrik Lorentz
- x Winning work:
- x Notes/Description:
- In recognition of the extraordinary service they rendered by their researches into the influence of magnetism upon radiation phenomena.
Marie Curie
Marie Skłodowska Curie (November 7, 1867 – July 4, 1934) was a physicist and chemist of Polish upbringing and, subsequently, French citizenship. She was a pioneer in the field of radioactivity, the first person honored with two Nobel Prizes, and the...
- Awards Won
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- x Year:
- 1903
- x Award:
- Nobel Prize in Physics
- x Award Winner:
- Pierre Curie
- x Winning work:
- x Notes/Description:
- In recognition of the extraordinary services they have rendered by their joint researches on the radiation phenomena discovered by Professor Henri Becquerel.
- x Year:
- 1911
- x Award:
- Nobel Prize in Chemistry
- x Award Winner:
- x Winning work:
- x Notes/Description:
- x Year:
- x Award:
- Davy Medal
- x Award Winner:
- x Winning work:
- x Notes/Description:
Pierre Curie
Pierre Curie (15 May 1859 – 19 April 1906) was a French physicist, a pioneer in crystallography, magnetism, piezoelectricity and radioactivity, and Nobel laureate. In 1903 he received the Nobel Prize in Physics with his wife, Maria Skłodowska-Curie,...
- Awards Won
-
- x Year:
- 1903
- x Award:
- Nobel Prize in Physics
- x Award Winner:
- Marie Curie
- x Winning work:
- x Notes/Description:
- In recognition of the extraordinary services they have rendered by their joint researches on the radiation phenomena discovered by Professor Henri Becquerel.
Antoine Henri Becquerel
Antoine Henri Becquerel (15 December 1852 – 25 August 1908) was a French physicist, Nobel laureate, and the discoverer of radioactivity, for which he won the 1903 Nobel Prize in Physics (along with Marie Curie and Pierre Curie who had found...
John William Strutt
John William Strutt, 3rd Baron Rayleigh OM (12 November 1842 – 30 June 1919) was an English physicist who, with William Ramsay, discovered the element argon, an achievement for which he earned the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1904. He also discovered...
Philipp Lenard
Philipp Eduard Anton von Lenard (June 7, 1862 – May 20, 1947), known in Hungarian as Lénárd Fülöp Eduárd Antal, was a Hungarian-German physicist and the winner of the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1905 for his research on cathode rays and the discovery...
Joseph John Thomson
Sir Joseph John “J. J.” Thomson, OM, FRS (18 December 1856 – 30 August 1940) was a British physicist and Nobel laureate, credited for the discovery of the electron and of isotopes, and the invention of the mass spectrometer. He was awarded the 1906...
Albert Abraham Michelson
Albert Abraham Michelson (19 December 1852 – 9 May 1931) was an American physicist known for his work on the measurement of the speed of light and especially for the Michelson-Morley experiment. In 1907 he received the Nobel Prize in Physics. He...
- Awards Won
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- x Year:
- 1907
- x Award:
- Nobel Prize in Physics
- x Award Winner:
- x Winning work:
- x Notes/Description:
- For his optical precision instruments and the spectroscopic and metrological investigations carried out with their aid". See Michelson-Morley experiment.
- x Year:
- x Award Winner:
- x Winning work:
- x Notes/Description:
- x Year:
- x Award:
- Copley Medal
- x Award Winner:
- x Winning work:
- x Notes/Description:
Gabriel Lippmann
Jonas Ferdinand Gabriel Lippmann (16 August 1845 – 13 July 1921) was a Franco-Luxembourgish physicist and inventor, and Nobel laureate in physics for his method of reproducing colours photographically based on the phenomenon of interference, later...
- Awards Won
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- x Year:
- 1908
- x Award:
- Nobel Prize in Physics
- x Award Winner:
- x Winning work:
- Lippmann plate
- x Notes/Description:
- For his method of reproducing colours photographically based on the phenomenon of interference.
Guglielmo Marconi
Marchese Guglielmo Marconi (Italian pronunciation: [ɡuʎˈʎɛːlmo marˈkoːni]; 25 April 1874 – 20 July 1937) was an Italian inventor, best known for his development of a radiotelegraph system, which served as the foundation for the establishment of...
- Awards Won
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- x Year:
- 1909
- x Award:
- Nobel Prize in Physics
- x Award Winner:
- Karl Ferdinand Braun
- x Winning work:
- x Notes/Description:
- in recognition of their contributions to the development of wireless telegraphy
Karl Ferdinand Braun
Karl Ferdinand Braun (6 June 1850 – 20 April 1918) was a German inventor, physicist and Nobel laureate in physics (1909). Braun contributed significantly to the development of the radio and TV technology: won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1909....
- Awards Won
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- x Year:
- 1909
- x Award:
- Nobel Prize in Physics
- x Award Winner:
- Guglielmo Marconi
- x Winning work:
- x Notes/Description:
- in recognition of their contributions to the development of wireless telegraphy
Johannes Diderik van der Waals
Johannes Diderik van der Waals (23 November 1837 – 8 March 1923) was a Dutch physicist and thermodynamicist famous for his work on an equation of state for gases and liquids.
Van der Waals was born in Leiden, Netherlands, to Jacobus van der Waals...
Wilhelm Wien
Wilhelm Carl Werner Otto Fritz Franz Wien (German pronunciation: [viːn]) (13 January 1864 – 30 August 1928) was a German physicist who, in 1893, used theories about heat and electromagnetism to deduce Wien's displacement law, which calculates the...
Nils Gustaf Dalén
Nils Gustaf Dalén (30 November 1869 – 9 December 1937) was a Swedish Nobel Laureate and industrialist, the founder of the AGA company and inventor of the AGA cooker and the Dalén light. In 1912 he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics for his ...
Heike Kamerlingh Onnes
Heike Kamerlingh Onnes (21 September 1853 – 21 February 1926) was a Dutch physicist and Nobel laureate. He pioneered refrigeration techniques and explored how materials behaved when cooled to nearly absolute zero. This led to his discovery of...
Max von Laue
Max Theodor Felix von Laue (9 October 1879 – 24 April 1960) was a German physicist who won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1914 for his discovery of the diffraction of X-rays by crystals. He was strongly opposed to National Socialism. In addition to...
William Lawrence Bragg
Sir William Lawrence Bragg, CH, OBE, MC, FRS (31 March 1890 – 1 July 1971) was an English physicist who shared the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1915 with his father Sir William Henry Bragg. He was the director of the Cavendish Laboratory, Cambridge...
- Awards Won
-
- x Year:
- 1915
- x Award:
- Nobel Prize in Physics
- x Award Winner:
- William Henry Bragg
- x Winning work:
- x Notes/Description:
- For their services in the analysis of crystal structure by means of X-rays.
William Henry Bragg
Sir William Henry Bragg OM, KBE (2 July 1862 – 10 March 1942) was a British physicist and chemist who uniquely shared the Nobel Prize in Physics with his son, William Lawrence Bragg, in 1915.
Bragg was born at Westward near Wigton, Cumberland, the...
- Awards Won
-
- x Year:
- 1915
- x Award:
- Nobel Prize in Physics
- x Award Winner:
- William Lawrence Bragg
- x Winning work:
- x Notes/Description:
- For their services in the analysis of crystal structure by means of X-rays.
Charles Glover Barkla
Charles Glover Barkla (27 June 1877 – 23 October 1944) was an English physicist.
Barkla was born in Widnes and studied at the Liverpool Institute and Liverpool University. In 1899 he went to Trinity College, Cambridge as an Exhibition Scholar to...
Max Planck
Max Planck (April 23, 1858 – October 4, 1947) was a German physicist. He is considered to be the founder of the quantum theory, and thus one of the most important physicists of the twentieth century. Planck was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in...
Johannes Stark
Johannes Stark (15 April 1874 – 21 June 1957) was a German physicist, and Physics Nobel Prize laureate who was closely involved with the Deutsche Physik movement under the Nazi regime.
Born in Schickenhof, Kingdom of Bavaria, (now Freihung), Stark...
Charles Edouard Guillaume
Charles Édouard Guillaume (15 February 1861, Fleurier, Switzerland – 13 May 1938, Sèvres, France) was a Swiss physicist who received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1920 in recognition of the service he had rendered to precision measurements in...
Albert Einstein
Albert Einstein (pronounced /ˈælbərt ˈaɪnstaɪn/; German: [ˈalbɐt ˈaɪ̯nʃtaɪ̯n] ( listen); 14 March 1879–18 April 1955) was a theoretical physicist. His many contributions to physics include the special and general theories of relativity, the...
- Awards Won
-
- x Year:
- 1921
- x Award:
- Nobel Prize in Physics
- x Award Winner:
- x Winning work:
- x Notes/Description:
- For his services to Theoretical Physics, and especially for his explanation of the photoelectric effect.
- x Year:
- 1925
- x Award:
- Copley Medal
- x Award Winner:
- x Winning work:
- x Notes/Description:
Niels Henrik David Bohr
Niels Henrik David Bohr (Danish pronunciation: [nels ˈb̥oɐ̯ˀ]; 7 October 1885 – 18 November 1962) was a Danish physicist who made fundamental contributions to understanding atomic structure and quantum mechanics, for which he received the Nobel...
Robert Andrews Millikan
Robert A. Millikan (22 March 1868 – 19 December 1953) was an American experimental physicist, and Nobel laureate in physics for his measurement of the charge on the electron and for his work on the photoelectric effect. He served as president of...
Karl Manne Georg Siegbahn
Karl Manne Georg Siegbahn (3 December 1886 - 26 September 1978) was a Swedish physicist, and Nobel laureate in physics for his discoveries and research in the field of X-ray spectroscopy. He was born in Örebro, Sweden.
Siegbahn obtained his Ph.D. at...
Gustav Ludwig Hertz
Gustav Ludwig Hertz (22 July 1887 – 30 October 1975) was a German experimental physicist and Nobel Prize winner, and a nephew of Heinrich Rudolf Hertz.
Hertz was born in Hamburg and studied at the Georg-August University of Göttingen (1906-1907),...
- Awards Won
-
- x Year:
- 1925
- x Award:
- Nobel Prize in Physics
- x Award Winner:
- James Franck
- x Winning work:
- x Notes/Description:
- For their discovery of the laws governing the impact of an electron upon an atom.
James Franck
James Franck (26 August 1882 – 21 May 1964) was a German physicist and Nobel laureate .
Franck completed his Ph.D. in 1906 and received his venia legendi for physics in 1911, both at the University of Berlin, where he lectured and taught until 1918,...
- Awards Won
-
- x Year:
- 1925
- x Award:
- Nobel Prize in Physics
- x Award Winner:
- Gustav Ludwig Hertz
- x Winning work:
- x Notes/Description:
- For their discovery of the laws governing the impact of an electron upon an atom.
Jean Baptiste Perrin
Jean Baptiste Perrin (30 September 1870 – 17 April 1942) was a French physicist and Nobel laureate.
Born in Lille, France, Perrin attended the École Normale Supérieure, the elite grande école in Paris. He became an assistant at the school during the...
Arthur Compton
Arthur Holly Compton (September 10, 1892 – March 15, 1962) was an American physicist and Nobel laureate in physics for his discovery of the Compton effect. He served as Chancellor of Washington University in St. Louis from 1945 to 1953.
Arthur Holly...
Charles Thomson Rees Wilson
Charles Thomson Rees Wilson CH (14 February 1869 – 15 November 1959) was a Scottish physicist and meteorologist who received the Nobel Prize in physics for his invention of the cloud chamber.
Wilson was born in the parish of Glencorse, Midlothian to...
Owen Willans Richardson
Sir Owen Willans Richardson, FRS (26 April 1879 - 15 February 1959) was a British physicist who won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1928 for his work on thermionic emission, which lead to Richardson's Law.
Richardson was born in Dewsbury, Yorkshire,...
Louis de Broglie
Louis-Victor-Pierre-Raymond, 7th duc de Broglie, FRS (English pronunciation: /dəˈbrɔɪ/; French: [də bʁœj] ( listen); 15 August 1892 – 19 March 1987) was a French physicist and a Nobel laureate. He was the sixteenth member elected to occupy seat 1...
- Awards Won
-
- x Year:
- 1929
- x Award:
- Nobel Prize in Physics
- x Award Winner:
- x Winning work:
- De Broglie hypothesis
- x Notes/Description:
- "for his discovery of the wave nature of electrons"
Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman
Sir Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman, FRS (Tamil: சந்திரசேகர வெங்கடராமன்)(7 November 1888 – 21 November 1970) was an Indian physicist and Nobel laureate in physics recognised for his work on the molecular scattering of light and for the discovery of the...
- Awards Won
-
- x Year:
- 1930
- x Award:
- Nobel Prize in Physics
- x Award Winner:
- x Winning work:
- x Notes/Description:
- for his work on the scattering of light and for the discovery of the effect named after him
- x Year:
- x Award:
- Lenin Peace Prize
- x Award Winner:
- x Winning work:
- x Notes/Description:
- x Year:
- x Award:
- Bharat Ratna
- x Award Winner:
- x Winning work:
- x Notes/Description:
Werner Heisenberg
Werner Heisenberg (5 December 1901 – 1 February 1976) was a German theoretical physicist who made foundational contributions to quantum mechanics and is best known for asserting the uncertainty principle of quantum theory. In addition, he also made...
Erwin Schrödinger
Erwin Rudolf Josef Alexander Schrödinger (German pronunciation: [ˈɛrviːn ˈʃrøːdɪŋɐ]; 12 August, 1887, Erdberg – 4 January, 1961, Vienna) was an Austrian theoretical physicist who achieved fame for his contributions to quantum mechanics, especially...
- Awards Won
-
- x Year:
- 1933
- x Award:
- Nobel Prize in Physics
- x Award Winner:
- Paul Dirac
- x Winning work:
- x Notes/Description:
- for the discovery of new productive forms of atomic theory
Paul Dirac
Paul Adrien Maurice Dirac, OM, FRS (pronounced /dɪˈɹæk/; 8 August 1902 – 20 October 1984) was a British theoretical physicist. Dirac made fundamental contributions to the early development of both quantum mechanics and quantum electrodynamics. He...
- Awards Won
-
- x Year:
- 1933
- x Award:
- Nobel Prize in Physics
- x Award Winner:
- Erwin Schrödinger
- x Winning work:
- x Notes/Description:
- for the discovery of new productive forms of atomic theory
James Chadwick
Sir James Chadwick, CH, FRS (20 October 1891 – 24 July 1974) was an English Nobel laureate in physics awarded for his discovery of the neutron.
Chadwick was born in Bollington, Cheshire to John Joseph Chadwick and Annie Mary née Knowles. He went to...
Victor Francis Hess
Victor Francis Hess (24 June 1883 – 17 December 1964) was an Austrian-American physicist, and Nobel laureate in physics, who discovered cosmic rays.
Hess was born to Vinzens Hess and Serafine Edle von Grossbauer-Waldstätt, in Waldstein Castle, near...
Carl David Anderson
Carl David Anderson (3 September 1905 – 11 January 1991) was an American physicist. He is best known for his discovery of the positron in 1932, an achievement for which he received the 1936 Nobel Prize in Physics, and of the muon in 1936.
Anderson...
George Paget Thomson
Sir George Paget Thomson, FRS (3 May 1892 – 10 September 1975) was an English physicist and Nobel laureate in physics recognised for his discovery with Clinton Davisson of the wave properties of the electron by electron diffraction.
Thomson was born...
- Awards Won
-
- x Year:
- 1937
- x Award:
- Nobel Prize in Physics
- x Award Winner:
- Clinton Davisson
- x Winning work:
- x Notes/Description:
- for their experimental discovery of the diffraction of electrons by crystals
Clinton Davisson
Clinton Joseph Davisson (October 22, 1881 – February 1, 1958), was an American physicist who won the 1937 Nobel Prize in Physics for his discovery of electron diffraction. Davisson shared the Nobel Prize with George Paget Thomson, who independently...
- Awards Won
-
- x Year:
- 1937
- x Award:
- Nobel Prize in Physics
- x Award Winner:
- George Paget Thomson
- x Winning work:
- x Notes/Description:
- for their experimental discovery of the diffraction of electrons by crystals
Enrico Fermi
Enrico Fermi (29 September 1901 – 28 November 1954) was an Italian physicist most noted for his work on the development of the first nuclear reactor, and for his contributions to the development of quantum theory, nuclear and particle physics, and...
- Awards Won
-
- x Year:
- 1938
- x Award:
- Nobel Prize in Physics
- x Award Winner:
- x Winning work:
- x Notes/Description:
- "For demonstrations of the existence of new radioactive elements produced by neutron irradiation, and for his related discovery of nuclear reactions brought about by slow neutrons"
- x Year:
- x Award:
- Hughes Medal
- x Award Winner:
- x Winning work:
- x Notes/Description:
- x Year:
- x Award:
- Rumford Prize
- x Award Winner:
- x Winning work:
- x Notes/Description:
Ernest Lawrence
Ernest Orlando Lawrence (August 8, 1901 – August 27, 1958) was an American physicist and Nobel Laureate, known for his invention, utilization, and improvement of the cyclotron beginning in 1929, and his later work in uranium-isotope separation in...
Otto Stern
Otto Stern (17 February 1888 – 17 August 1969) was a German physicist and Nobel laureate in physics.
Stern was born in Sohrau, now Żory in the German Empire's Kingdom of Prussia (now in Poland) and studied at Breslau, now Wrocław in Lower Silesia....
Isidor Isaac Rabi
Isidor Isaac Rabi (pronounced /rɑːbi/; 29 July 1898 – 11 January 1988) was a Galician-born American physicist and Nobel laureate recognised in 1944 for his discovery of nuclear magnetic resonance.
Rabi was born into a traditional Jewish family in...
Wolfgang Pauli
Wolfgang Ernst Pauli (25 April 1900 – 15 December 1958) was an Austrian theoretical physicist and one of the pioneers of quantum physics. In 1945, after being nominated by Albert Einstein, he received the Nobel Prize in Physics for his "decisive...
Percy Williams Bridgman
Percy Williams Bridgman (21 April 1882 – 20 August 1961) was an American physicist who won the 1946 Nobel Prize in Physics for his work on the physics of high pressures. He also wrote extensively on the scientific method and on other aspects of the...
- Awards Won
-
- x Year:
- 1946
- x Award:
- Nobel Prize in Physics
- x Award Winner:
- x Winning work:
- x Notes/Description:
- for the invention of an apparatus to produce extremely high pressures, and for the discoveries he made there within the field of high pressure physics
- x Year:
- x Award:
- Rumford Prize
- x Award Winner:
- x Winning work:
- x Notes/Description:
Edward Victor Appleton
Sir Edward Victor Appleton, GBE, KCB, FRS (6 September 1892 – 21 April 1965) was an English physicist.
Appleton was born in Bradford, West Yorkshire and educated at Hanson Grammar School. At the age of 18 he won a scholarship to St John's College,...
Patrick Blackett, Baron Blackett
Patrick Maynard Stuart Blackett, Baron Blackett OM CH FRS (18 November 1897 – 13 July 1974) was an English experimental physicist known for his work on cloud chambers, cosmic rays, and paleomagnetism. He also made a major contribution in World War...
Hideki Yukawa
Hideki Yukawa FRSE (湯川 秀樹, Yukawa Hideki, 23 January 1907 – 8 September 1981) né Ogawa (小川), was a Japanese theoretical physicist and the first Japanese Nobel laureate.
Yukawa was born in Tokyo, Japan. In 1929, after receiving his degree from Kyoto...
Cecil Frank Powell
Cecil Frank Powell (5 December, 1903 – 9 August, 1969) was a British physicist, and Nobel Prize in Physics laureate for his development of the photographic method of studying nuclear processes and for the resulting discovery of the pion (pi-meson),...
John Cockcroft
Sir John Douglas Cockcroft, OM, KCB, CBE (27 May 1897 – 18 September 1967) was a British physicist. He received the Nobel Prize in Physics for splitting the atomic nucleus, and was instrumental in the development of nuclear power.
Cockcroft was born...
- Awards Won
-
- x Year:
- 1951
- x Award:
- Nobel Prize in Physics
- x Award Winner:
- Ernest Walton
- x Winning work:
- x Notes/Description:
- for their pioneering work on the transmutation of atomic nuclei by artificially accelerated atomic particles
Ernest Walton
Ernest Thomas Sinton Walton (6 October 1903 – 25 June 1995) was an Irish physicist and Nobel laureate for his work with John Cockcroft with "atom-smashing" experiments done at Cambridge University in the early 1930s. Walton is the only Irishman to...
- Awards Won
-
- x Year:
- 1951
- x Award:
- Nobel Prize in Physics
- x Award Winner:
- John Cockcroft
- x Winning work:
- x Notes/Description:
- for their pioneering work on the transmutation of atomic nuclei by artificially accelerated atomic particles
Felix Bloch
Felix Bloch (October 23, 1905 – September 10, 1983) was a Swiss physicist, working mainly in the U.S.
Bloch was born in Zürich, Switzerland to Jewish parents Gustav and Agnes Bloch. He was educated there and at the Eidgenössische Technische...
- Awards Won
-
- x Year:
- 1952
- x Award:
- Nobel Prize in Physics
- x Award Winner:
- Edward Mills Purcell
- x Winning work:
- x Notes/Description:
- for their development of new methods for nuclear magnetic precision measurements and discoveries in connection therewith
Edward Mills Purcell
Edward Mills Purcell (August 30, 1912 – March 7, 1997) was an American physicist who shared the 1952 Nobel Prize for Physics for his independent discovery (published 1946) of nuclear magnetic resonance in liquids and in solids. Nuclear magnetic...
- Awards Won
-
- x Year:
- 1952
- x Award:
- Nobel Prize in Physics
- x Award Winner:
- Felix Bloch
- x Winning work:
- x Notes/Description:
- for their development of new methods for nuclear magnetic precision measurements and discoveries in connection therewith
- x Year:
- 1979
- x Award Winner:
- x Winning work:
- x Notes/Description:
- For contributions to nuclear magnetic resonance in condensed matter and the measurement of interstellar magnetic fields.
Frits Zernike
Frits Zernike (July 16, 1888 – March 10, 1966) was a Dutch physicist and winner of the Nobel prize for physics in 1953 for his invention of the phase contrast microscope, an instrument that permits the study of internal cell structure without the...
- Awards Won
-
- x Year:
- 1953
- x Award:
- Nobel Prize in Physics
- x Award Winner:
- x Winning work:
- Phase contrast microscope
- x Notes/Description:
- for his demonstration of the phase contrast method, especially for his invention of the phase contrast microscope
- x Year:
- x Award:
- Rumford Medal
- x Award Winner:
- x Winning work:
- x Notes/Description:
Max Born
Max Born (11 December 1882 – 5 January 1970) was a German born physicist and mathematician who was instrumental in the development of quantum mechanics. He also made contributions to solid-state physics and optics and supervised the work of a number...
