Pope John XXI (1215 – May 20, 1277; Portuguese: Papa João XXI), born Pedro Julião (Latin, Petrus Iulianus), a Portuguese also called Pedro Hispano (Latin, Petrus Hispanus), was Pope from 1276 until his death about eight months later. He was the only Portuguese Pope, although Damasus I can also be considered Portuguese, as he was born in territory that is nowadays in Portugal, and Paul IV also had a Portuguese maternal grandmother.
He was also a p...
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Pope John XXI (1215 – May 20, 1277; Portuguese: Papa João XXI), born Pedro Julião (Latin, Petrus Iulianus), a Portuguese also called Pedro Hispano (Latin, Petrus Hispanus), was Pope from 1276 until his death about eight months later. He was the only Portuguese Pope, although Damasus I can also be considered Portuguese, as he was born in territory that is nowadays in Portugal, and Paul IV also had a Portuguese maternal grandmother.
He was also a physician, being the only pope ever to be so.
Note that the previous Pope named John was Pope John XIX (1024–32) as there was no Pope John XX.
Pedro Julião, born between 1210 and 1220, was probably born in Lisbon. He started his studies at the episcopal school of Lisbon Cathedral, and later joined the University of Paris, although some historians claim that he was educated at Montpellier. Wherever he studied, he concentrated on medicine, theology, and Aristotle's dialectic, logic, physics and metaphysics.
From 1245 to 1250 he became known as...
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