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Romanticism
Romanticism is a complex artistic, literary, and intellectual movement that originated in the second half of the 18th century in Western Europe, and gained strength in reaction to the Industrial Revolution. It was partly a revolt against aristocratic social and political norms of the Age of...
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Caspar David Friedrich
Caspar David Friedrich (September 5, 1774 – May 7, 1840) was a 19th-century German Romantic landscape painter, generally considered the most important of the movement. He is best known for his mid-period allegorical landscapes which typically...
Date of birth:
- Sep 5, 1774
Date of death:
- May 7, 1840 (age 65 years)
Emanuel Leutze
Emanuel Gottlieb Leutze (May 24, 1816 – July 18, 1868) was a German American history painter best-known for his painting Washington Crossing the Delaware.
Leutze was born in Schwäbisch Gmünd, Württemberg (Germany), was brought to America as a child,...
Date of birth:
- May 24, 1816
Date of death:
- Jul 18, 1868 (age 52 years)
Francisco Goya
Francisco José de Goya y Lucientes (30 March 1746 – 16 April 1828) was a Spanish painter and printmaker regarded both as the last of the Old Masters and as the first of the moderns. Goya was a court painter to the Spanish Crown and a chronicler of...
Date of birth:
- Mar 30, 1746
Date of death:
- Apr 16, 1828 (age 82 years)
Lawrence Alma-Tadema
Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema (pronounced /ˈælmə ˈtædɪmə/), OM, RA (8 January 1836 Dronrijp, the Netherlands - 25 June 1912, Wiesbaden, Germany) was one of the most renowned painters of late nineteenth-century Britain.
Born in Dronrijp, the Netherlands,...
Date of birth:
- Jan 8, 1836
Date of death:
- Jun 25, 1912 (age 76 years)
Thomas Gainsborough
Thomas Gainsborough (christened 14 May 1727 – died 2 August 1788) was one of the most famous portrait and landscape painters of 18th century Britain.
Thomas Gainsborough was born in Sudbury, Suffolk, England. His father was a weaver involved with...
Date of birth:
- May 14, 1727
Date of death:
- Aug 2, 1788 (age 61 years)
William Blake
William Blake (28 November 1757–12 August 1827) was an English poet, painter, and printmaker. Largely unrecognised during his lifetime, Blake is now considered a seminal figure in the history of both the poetry and visual arts of the Romantic Age....
Date of birth:
- Nov 28, 1757
Date of death:
- Aug 12, 1827 (age 69 years)
J. M. W. Turner
Joseph Mallord William Turner RA (23 April 1775 – 19 December 1851) was an English Romantic landscape painter, watercolourist and printmaker. Turner was considered a controversial figure in his day, but is now regarded as the artist who elevated...
Date of birth:
- Apr 23, 1775
Date of death:
- Dec 19, 1851 (age 76 years)
John Ruskin
John Ruskin (8 February 1819 – 20 January 1900) was an English art critic and social thinker, also remembered as a poet and artist. His essays on art and architecture were extremely influential in the Victorian and Edwardian eras.
Ruskin first came...
Date of birth:
- Feb 8, 1819
Date of death:
- Jan 20, 1900 (age 81 years)
John Crome
John Crome (December 22, 1768 – April 22, 1821) was an artist in the Romantic era. Born in the English city of Norwich, John Crome is also known as Old Crome to distinguish him from his son, John Berney Crome, who was also a well-known artist.
The...
Date of birth:
- Dec 22, 1768
Date of death:
- Apr 22, 1821 (age 52 years)
John Sell Cotman
John Sell Cotman (16 May 1782 – 24 July 1842) was an artist of the Norwich school and an associate of John Crome. He was born in Norwich, England and worked mainly in watercolour, but also produced architectural etchings. He spent virtually all his...
Date of birth:
- May 16, 1782
Date of death:
- Jul 24, 1842 (age 60 years)
John Constable
John Constable (11 June 1776 – 31 March 1837) was an English Romantic painter. Born in Suffolk, he is known principally for his landscape paintings of Dedham Vale, the area surrounding his home—now known as "Constable Country"—which he invested with...
Date of birth:
- Jun 11, 1776
Date of death:
- Mar 31, 1837 (age 60 years)
Richard Wilson
Richard Wilson (1 August 1714 – 15 May 1782) was a Welsh landscape painter, and one of the founder members of the Royal Academy in 1768. Wilson has been described as '...the most distinguished painter Wales has ever produced and the first to...
Date of birth:
- Aug 1, 1714
Date of death:
- May 15, 1782 (age 67 years)
Eugène Delacroix
Ferdinand Victor Eugène Delacroix (26 April 1798 – 13 August 1863) was a French Romantic artist regarded from the outset of his career as the leader of the French Romantic school. Delacroix's use of expressive brushstrokes and his study of the...
Date of birth:
- Apr 26, 1798
Date of death:
- Aug 13, 1863 (age 65 years)
Benjamin Haydon
Benjamin Robert Haydon (26 January 1786 – 22 June 1846) was an English historical painter and writer.
Haydon was born at Plymouth. His mother was the daughter of the Rev. Benjamin Cobley, rector of Dodbrooke, near Kingsbridge, Devon. Her brother,...
Date of birth:
- Jan 26, 1786
Date of death:
- Jun 22, 1846 (age 60 years)
Henry Fuseli
Henry Fuseli (German: Johann Heinrich Füssli) (February 7, 1741 – April 17, 1825) was a British painter, draughtsman, and writer on art, of German-Swiss origin.
He was born in Zürich, Switzerland, the second of eighteen children. His father was...
Date of birth:
- Feb 7, 1741
Date of death:
- Apr 17, 1825 (age 84 years)
François Rude
François Rude (January 4, 1784 - November 3, 1855) was a French sculptor. He was the stepfather of Paul Cabet, a sculptor.
Born in Dijon, he worked at his father's trade as a stovemaker till the age of sixteen, but received training in drawing from...
Date of birth:
- Jan 4, 1784
Date of death:
- Nov 3, 1855 (age 71 years)
Henry Raeburn
Sir Henry Raeburn (4 March 1756 – 8 July 1823) was a Scottish portrait painter.
He was born the son of a manufacturer in Stockbridge, a former village now within the city of Edinburgh. Orphaned, he was supported by his older brother and placed in...
Date of birth:
- Mar 4, 1756
Date of death:
- Jul 8, 1823 (age 67 years)
George Stubbs
George Stubbs (25 August 1724 – 10 July 1806) was a British painter, best known for his paintings of horses.
Stubbs was born in Liverpool, the son of a currier and leather merchant. Information on his life up to age thirty-five is sparse, relying...
Date of birth:
- Aug 25, 1724
Date of death:
- Jul 10, 1806 (age 81 years)
Gustave Doré
Paul Gustave Doré (French pronunciation: [pɔl ɡystav dɔʁe]; January 6, 1832 – January 23, 1883) was a French artist, engraver, illustrator and sculptor. Doré worked primarily with wood engraving and steel engraving.
Doré was born in Strasbourg and...
Date of birth:
- Jan 6, 1832
Date of death:
- Jan 23, 1883 (age 51 years)
Washington Allston
Washington Allston (November 5, 1779 – July 9, 1843) was an American poet and influential painter, born in Waccamaw Parish, South Carolina. Allston pioneered America's Romantic movement of landscape painting. He was well known during his lifetime...
Date of birth:
- Nov 5, 1779
Date of death:
- Jul 9, 1843 (age 63 years)
Joseph Wright of Derby
Joseph Wright (3 September 1734 – 29 August 1797), styled Wright of Derby, was an English landscape and portrait painter. He has been acclaimed as "the first professional painter to express the spirit of the Industrial Revolution."
Wright is notable...
Date of birth:
- Sep 3, 1734
Date of death:
- Aug 29, 1797 (age 63 years)
Samuel Palmer
Samuel Palmer (27 January 1805 – 24 May 1881) was an English landscape painter, etcher and printmaker. He was also a prolific writer. Palmer was a key figure in English Romanticism and produced visionary pastoral paintings.
Palmer, who was born in...
Date of birth:
- Jan 27, 1805
Date of death:
- May 24, 1881 (age 76 years)
Théodore Géricault
Théodore Géricault (26 September 1791 – 26 January 1824) was a profoundly influential French artist, painter and lithographer, known for The Raft of the Medusa and other paintings. Although he died young, he became one of the pioneers of the...
Date of birth:
- Sep 26, 1791
Date of death:
- Jan 26, 1824 (age 32 years)
Thomas Girtin
Thomas Girtin (18 February 1775 – 9 November 1802) was an English painter and etcher, who played a key role in establishing watercolour as a reputable art form. He was born in Southwark, London, the son of a well-to-do brushmaker of Huguenot descent...
Date of birth:
- Feb 18, 1775
Date of death:
- Nov 9, 1802 (age 27 years)
Anne-Louis Girodet de Roussy-Trioson
Anne-Louis Girodet de Roussy-Trioson (also given as Anne-Louis Girodet de Roucy-Triosson, Anne-Louis Girodet-Trioson) January 5, 1767 – December 9, 1824), was a French painter and pupil of Jacques-Louis David, who was part of the beginning of the...
Date of birth:
- 1767
Date of death:
- 1824 (age 57 years)
William Mulready
William Mulready (April 1, 1786 – July 7, 1863) was an Irish genre painter living in London. He is best known for his romanticizing depictions of rural scenes.
William Mulready was born in Ennis, County Clare. Early in his life, in 1792, the family...
Date of birth:
- Apr 1, 1786
Date of death:
- Jul 7, 1863 (age 77 years)
John Martin
John Martin (19 July 1789 – 17 February, 1854) was an important and influential English Romantic painter of the nineteenth century.
Martin was born at Haydon Bridge, near Hexham in Northumberland. He was apprenticed by his father to a coachbuilder...
Date of birth:
- Jul 19, 1789
Date of death:
- Feb 17, 1854 (age 64 years)
Ivan Aivazovsky
Ivan Konstantinovich Aivazovsky (Ukrainian: Іва́н Костянти́нович Айвазо́вський, Russian: Иван Константинович Айвазовский, Armenian: Հովհաննես Այվազովսկի - Hovhannes Aivasovsky, originally Aivazian) July 29, 1817 – May 5, 1900) was a painter of...
Date of birth:
- Jul 29, 1817
Date of death:
- May 5, 1900 (age 82 years)
John Linnell
John Linnell (June 16, 1792 – January 20, 1882) was an English landscape painter.He was a friend of the painter Edward Thomas Daniell.
Linnell was a naturalist and a rival to John Constable. He had a taste for Northern European art of the...
Date of birth:
- Jun 16, 1792
Date of death:
- Jan 20, 1882 (age 89 years)
Antoine Étex
Antoine Étex (March 20, 1808 - July 14, 1888), French sculptor, painter and architect, was born in Paris.
He first exhibited in the Paris Salon of 1833, his work including a reproduction in marble of his "Death of Hyacinthus", and the plaster cast...
Date of birth:
- Mar 20, 1808
Date of death:
- Jul 14, 1888 (age 80 years)
Antoine-Jean Gros
Baron Antoine-Jean Gros (16 March 1771 – 25 June 1835), also known as Jean-Antoine Gros, was both a French History and neoclassical painter.
Born in Paris, Gros began to learn to draw at the age of six from his father, who was a miniature painter,...
Date of birth:
- Mar 16, 1771
Date of death:
- Jun 25, 1835 (age 64 years)
Antoine-Louis Barye
Antoine-Louis Barye (September 24, 1796 – June 25, 1875) was a French sculptor most famous for his work as an animalier, a sculptor of animals.
Born in Paris, Barye began his career as a goldsmith, like many sculptors of the Romantic Period. After...
Date of birth:
- Sep 24, 1796
Date of death:
- Jun 25, 1875 (age 78 years)
Eugène Fromentin
Eugène Fromentin (October 24, 1820 – August 27, 1876) was a French painter and writer.
He was born in La Rochelle. After leaving school he studied for some years under Louis Cabat, the landscape painter. Fromentin was one of the earliest pictorial...
Date of birth:
- Oct 24, 1820
Date of death:
- Aug 27, 1876 (age 55 years)
Théodore Chassériau
Théodore Chassériau (September 20, 1819 – October 8, 1856) was a French romantic painter noted for his portraits, historical and religious paintings, allegorical murals, and Orientalist images inspired by his travels to Algeria.
Chassériau was born...
Date of birth:
- Sep 20, 1819
Date of death:
- Oct 8, 1856 (age 37 years)
Friedrich Wilhelm Schadow
Friedrich Wilhelm Schadow (7 September 1789 - 19 March 1862) was a German Romantic painter.
He was born in Berlin and was the second son of the sculptor Johann Gottfried Schadow.
In 1806-1807 Friedrich served as a soldier. In 1810 he traveled with...
Date of birth:
- Sep 7, 1789
Date of death:
- Mar 19, 1862 (age 72 years)
Francesco Hayez
Francesco Hayez (February 10, 1791 – December 21, 1882) was an Italian painter, the leading artist of Romanticism in mid-19th-century Milan, renowned for his grand historical paintings, political allegories and exceptionally fine portraits.
Hayez...
Date of birth:
- Feb 10, 1791
Date of death:
- Dec 21, 1882 (age 91 years)
Richard Parkes Bonington
Richard Parkes Bonington (25 October 1802 – 23 September 1828) was an English Romantic landscape painter. One of the most influential British artists of his time, the facility of his style was inspired by the old masters, yet was entirely modern in...
Date of birth:
- Oct 25, 1802
Date of death:
- Sep 23, 1828 (age 25 years)
John Quidor
John Quidor (kĬdôr, January 26, 1801 – December 13, 1881) was an American painter of historical and literary subjects.
Quidor was born in Gloucester County, New Jersey. In 1826 he moved to New York City, where he studied painting under John Wesley...
Date of birth:
- Jan 26, 1801
Date of death:
- Dec 13, 1881 (age 80 years)
Sawrey Gilpin
Sawrey Gilpin (1733–1807) was an English animal painter.
Gilpin was born 30 Oct 1733 in Cumbria, the son Captain John Bernard Gilpin, a soldier and amateur artist. His elder brother William Gilpin was a clergyman, schoolmaster, and author of several...
Date of birth:
- 1733
Date of death:
- 1807 (age 74 years)
Karl Briullov
Karl Pavlovich Briullov (Russian: Карл Павлович Брюллов), called by his friends the Great Karl (December 12, 1799–June 11, 1852) was a Russian painter. He is regarded as a key figure in transition from the Russian neoclassicism to romanticism.
Born...
Date of birth:
- Dec 12, 1799
Date of death:
- 1852 (age 52 years)
Moritz von Schwind
Moritz von Schwind (January 21, 1804 - February 8, 1871) was an Austrian painter, born in Vienna.
Moritz von Schwind received rudimentary training and spent a happy and carefree youth in Vienna. Among his companions was the composer Schubert, some...
Date of birth:
- Jan 21, 1804
Date of death:
- Feb 8, 1871 (age 67 years)
Alexandre-Gabriel Decamps
Alexandre-Gabriel Decamps (March 3, 1803 – August 22, 1860) was a French painter.
He was born in Paris. In his youth he travelled in the East, and reproduced Oriental life and scenery with a bold fidelity to nature that puzzled conventional critics....
Date of birth:
- Mar 3, 1803
Date of death:
- Aug 22, 1860 (age 57 years)
John Quincy Adams Ward
John Quincy Adams Ward (June 29, 1830 – May 1, 1910) was an American sculptor, who is most familiar for his over-lifesize standing statue of George Washington on the steps of Federal Hall on Wall Street.
He was born in Urbana, Ohio, a city that had...
Date of birth:
- Jun 29, 1830
Date of death:
- May 1, 1910 (age 79 years)
John Robert Cozens
John Robert Cozens (1752 – 14 December 1797) was an English draftsman and painter of romantic watercolor landscapes.
The son of the Russian-born drawing master and watercolorist, Alexander Cozens, John Robert Cozens was born in London. He studied...
Date of birth:
- 1752
Date of death:
- Dec 14, 1797 (age 45 years)
James Ward
James Ward (23 October 1769 – 17 November 1859), R.A., was a painter, particularly of animals, and an engraver.
Born in London, and younger brother of William Ward the engraver, James Ward was influenced by many people, but his career is...
Date of birth:
- Oct 23, 1769
Date of death:
- Nov 17, 1859 (age 90 years)
Carl Gustav Carus
Carl Gustav Carus (b 3 January 1789–1869) was a German physiologist and painter, born at Leipzig. A friend of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, he was a many-sided man: a doctor, a naturalist, a scientist and a psychologist and an advocate of the theory...
Date of birth:
- Jan 3, 1789
Date of death:
- Jul 26, 1869 (age 80 years)
Ferdinand Georg Waldmüller
Ferdinand Georg Waldmüller (15 January 1793 in Vienna – 23 August 1865 in Hinterbrühl, Austria) was an Austrian painter and writer.
He briefly attended the Academy of Fine Arts Vienna, but later had to finance his life by painting portraits. In 1811...
Date of birth:
- Jan 15, 1793
Date of death:
- Aug 23, 1865 (age 72 years)
Franz Pforr
Franz Pforr (April 5, 1788 – June 16, 1812) was a painter of the German Nazarene movement.
He was born in Frankfurt am Main.He received his earliest training from his father, the painter Johann Georg Pforr (1745–98), and his uncle, the art professor...
Date of birth:
- Apr 5, 1788
Date of death:
- Jun 16, 1812 (age 24 years)
Johan Christian Dahl
Johan Christian Claussen Dahl (February 24, 1788 – October 14, 1857), often known as J. C. Dahl, was a Norwegian landscape painter, who was connected to the Romantic movement. He is often considered have been "the father of Norwegian landscape...
Date of birth:
- Feb 24, 1788
Date of death:
- Oct 14, 1857 (age 69 years)
Pierre Jean David
Pierre-Jean David (March 12, 1788 – January 4, 1856), usually called David d'Angers, was a French sculptor.
He was born at Angers. His father was a sculptor or a mason, but had gone into the army as a musketeer, fighting against the Chouans of La...
Date of birth:
- Mar 12, 1788
Date of death:
- Jan 4, 1856 (age 67 years)
Antoine Wiertz
Antoine Joseph Wiertz (February 22, 1806 – June 18, 1865) was a Belgian romantic painter and sculptor.
Born in Dinant from a relatively poor family, he entered the Antwerp art academy in 1820. Thanks to his protector Pierre-Joseph de Paul de Maibe,...
Date of birth:
- Feb 22, 1806
Date of death:
- Jun 18, 1865 (age 59 years)
Adrian Ludwig Richter
Adrian Ludwig Richter (September 28, 1803 – June 19, 1884), a German painter and etcher, was born at Dresden, the son of the engraver Karl August Richter, from whom he received his training; but he was strongly influenced by Erhard and Chodowiecki....
Date of birth:
- Sep 28, 1803
Date of death:
- Jun 19, 1884 (age 80 years)
William Rimmer
William Rimmer (20 February 1816–20 August 1879) was an American artist born in Liverpool, England. He was the son of a French refugee, who emigrated to Nova Scotia, where he was joined by his wife and child in 1818, and who in 1826 moved to Boston,...
Date of birth:
- Feb 20, 1816
Date of death:
- Aug 20, 1879 (age 63 years)
Constantin Daniel Rosenthal
Constantin Daniel Rosenthal (b. Pest, Hungary: Rosenthal Konstantin, 1820—July 23, 1851) was a Romanian painter and sculptor of Hungarian birth and a 1848 revolutionary, best known for his portraits and his choice of Romanian Romantic nationalist...
Date of birth:
- 1820
Date of death:
- Jul 23, 1851 (age 31 years)
Joseph Karl Stieler
Joseph Karl Stieler (1 November 1781 – 9 April 1858) was a German painter. Born in Mainz to a family of engravers and die-cutters, Stieler received some artistic training from his father, August Friedrich Stieler (1736–1789). Stieler began his...
Date of birth:
- Nov 1, 1781
Date of death:
- Apr 9, 1858 (age 76 years)
Antoine Berjon
Antoine Berjon (17 May 1754 – 24 October 1843) was a French painter and designer, among the most important flower painters of 19th-century France. He worked in a variety of media including oil, pastel, watercolour, and ink.
Berjon was born in St...
Date of birth:
- May 17, 1754
Date of death:
- Oct 24, 1843 (age 89 years)
Henric Trenk
Henric Trenk (Romanian-language version of Heinrich Trenk; 1818-1892) was a Swiss-born Romanian painter and graphic artist, best known for his Romantic landscapes and his association with writer and amateur archaeologist Alexandru Odobescu.
Born to...
Date of birth:
- 1818
Date of death:
- 1892 (age 74 years)
Andreas Schelfhout
Andreas Schelfhout (February 16, 1787, The Hague – April 19, 1870, The Hague) was a Dutch painter, etcher and lithographer, known for his landscape paintings.
He belongs to the Romantic movement. His Dutch winter scenes and frozen canals with...
Date of birth:
- Feb 16, 1787
Date of death:
- Apr 19, 1870 (age 83 years)
Carl Blechen
Date of birth:
- 1798
Theodor von Holst
Theodor Richard Edward von Holst (3 September 1810 – 14 February 1844) was a nineteenth-century British literary painter.
Von Holst was born in London, the fourth of the five children of Matthias and Katharina von Holst. Von Holst's drawing talents...
Date of birth:
- Sep 3, 1810
Date of death:
- Feb 14, 1844 (age 33 years)
