Volcanic plateau

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  Impact crater

  In the broadest sense, the term impact crater can be applied to any depression, natural or manmade, resulting from the high velocity impact of a projectile with a larger body. In most common usage, the term is used for the approximately circular depression in the surface of a planet, moon or other...
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  Mountain range

  A mountain range is a geographic area containing numerous geologically related mountains. A mountain system or system of mountain ranges sometimes is used to combine several geological features that are geographically (regionally) related. Mountain ranges are usually segmented by highlands or...
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  Valley

  In geology, a valley or dale is a depression with predominant extent in one direction. A very deep river valley may be called a canyon or gorge. The terms U-shaped and V-shaped are descriptive terms of geography to characterize the form of valleys. Most valleys belong to one of these two main types...
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  Mountain

  A mountain is a large landform that stretches above the surrounding land in a limited area usually in the form of a peak. A mountain is generally steeper than a hill. The adjective montane is used to describe mountainous areas and things associated with them. The study of mountains is called...
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  Escarpment

  An escarpment is a steep slope or long cliff that occurs from erosion or faulting and separates two relatively level areas of differing elevations. Usually escarpment is used interchangeably with scarp (from the Italian scarpa, shoe). But some sources differentiate the two terms, where escarpment...
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  Rock

  In geology, rock or stone is a naturally occurring solid aggregate of minerals and/or mineraloids. The Earth's outer solid layer, the lithosphere, is made of rock. In general, rocks are of three types, namely igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. The scientific study of rocks is called petrology,...
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  Vallis

  Vallis (plural valles) is the Latin word for valley. It is used in planetary geology for the naming of landform features on other planets. Vallis (plural valles) was used for old river valleys that were discovered on Mars, when probes were first sent to Mars. The Viking Orbiters caused a revolution...
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  Chasma

  Chasma is a term used in astrogeology to refer to "a deep, elongated, steep-sided depression". The plural is chasmata. An example is Eos Chasma on Mars. Below are images of some of the major chasmata of Mars. The map shows their relative locations. Parts of the floor of Candor Chasma contains...
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  Linea

  Linea ( /ˈlɪniːə/) is Latin for 'line'. In planetary geology it is used to refer to any long marking, dark or bright, on a planet or moon's surface. The planet Venus and Jupiter's moon Europa have numerous lineae; Saturn's moon Rhea has several.
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  Facula

  A facula (plural: faculae), Latin for "little torch", is literally a "bright spot." The term has several common technical uses. It is used in planetary nomenclature for naming certain surface features of planets and moons, and is also a type of surface phenomenon on the Sun. In addition, a bright...