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The causes, diagnosis, and the treatment of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have...

The causes, diagnosis, and the treatment of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have been the subject of active debate at least since the 1970s. For various reasons, ADHD remains one of the most controversial psychiatric disorders despite being a well validated clinical diagnosis. Possible overdiagnosis of ADHD, the use of stimulant medications in children, and the methods by which ADHD is diagnosed and treated are some of the main areas of controversy. According to the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence ADHD has attracted controversy from many people. The criticisms include: how it is diagnosed, negative stereotyping of children, risks of other conditions being misdiagnosed as ADHD and alleged hegemonic practices of the American Psychiatric Association. Some even question the very existence of ADHD. However, after examining the criticisms presented, NICE concluded that much of the social and philosophical criticism had little relevance for the purposes of clinical practice, concluding that a review of the literature supports the mainstream scientific assessment. NICE further concluded that despite such criticism, ADHD represented a valid clinical