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Filter this Collection| x name | x image | x Influenced By | x Peers | x Influenced | x article |
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| x Peers | |||||
| x Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel |
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Johann Gottlieb Fichte | Friedrich Hölderlin | Karl Marx |
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (German pronunciation: [ˈɡeɔʁk ˈvɪlhɛlm ˈfʁiːdʁɪç ˈheːɡəl]) (August 27, 1770 – November 14, 1831) was a German philosopher, one of the creators of German Idealism, and along with Immanuel Kant, one of the most...
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| Johann Wolfgang Goethe | Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling | John Dewey | |||
| Johann Gottfried Herder | Martin Heidegger | ||||
| Johann Sebastian Bach | Søren Kierkegaard | ||||
| Anselm of Canterbury | Jacques Lacan | ||||
| more ▼ | more ▼ | ||||
| x Johann Wolfgang Goethe |
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Johann Gottfried Herder | Friedrich Schiller | Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel |
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (German pronunciation: [ˈjoːhan ˈvɔlfɡaŋ fɔn ˈɡøːtə] ( listen), 28 August 1749 – 22 March 1832) was a German writer and polymath. Goethe's works span the fields of poetry, drama, literature, theology, philosophy,...
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| Denis Diderot | Wilhelm von Humboldt | Friedrich Nietzsche | |||
| Samuel Richardson | Charles Darwin | ||||
| Johann Sebastian Bach | Kurt Gödel | ||||
| William Shakespeare | Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling | ||||
| more ▼ | more ▼ | ||||
| x Karl Marx |
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Adam Smith | Friedrich Engels | Nicos Poulantzas |
Karl Heinrich Marx (May 5, 1818 – March 14, 1883) was a German philosopher, political economist, historian, political theorist, sociologist, communist and revolutionary, whose ideas are credited as the foundation of modern communism. Marx summarized...
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| Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel | Max Stirner | Louis Althusser | |||
| Thomas More | Heinrich Heine | Jean-Paul Sartre | |||
| Charles Dickens | Isaiah Berlin | ||||
| Jean-Jacques Rousseau | Michel Foucault | ||||
| more ▼ | more ▼ | ||||
| x Johann Gottlieb Fichte |
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Immanuel Kant | Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel |
Johann Gottlieb Fichte (May 19, 1762 – January 27, 1814) (German pronunciation: [ˈjoːhan ˈgɔtlip ˈfɪçtə]) was a German philosopher. He was one of the founding figures of the philosophical movement known as German idealism, a movement that developed...
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| Baruch Spinoza | Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling | ||||
| Karl Leonhard Reinhold | Arthur Schopenhauer | ||||
| Salomon Maimon | Thomas Carlyle | ||||
| Jean-Jacques Rousseau | Hermann von Helmholtz | ||||
| more ▼ | |||||
| x John Dewey |
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Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel | William James | John Rawls |
John Dewey (October 20, 1859 – June 1, 1952) was an American philosopher, psychologist, and educational reformer whose ideas have been very influential. Dewey, along with Charles Sanders Peirce and William James, is recognized as one of the founders...
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| Jean-Jacques Rousseau | Thorstein Veblen | Richard Rorty | |||
| Charles Darwin | James Mark Baldwin | Noam Chomsky | |||
| George Herbert Mead | Karel Čapek | ||||
| Charles Peirce | Edvard Beneš | ||||
| more ▼ | more ▼ | ||||
| x Martin Heidegger |
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Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel | Jean-Paul Sartre |
Martin Heidegger (26 September 1889 – 26 May 1976) (German pronunciation: [ˈmaɐ̯tiːn ˈhaɪ̯dɛɡɐ]) was an influential German philosopher. His best known book, Being and Time, is considered to be one of the most important philosophical works of the...
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| Søren Kierkegaard | Michel Foucault | ||||
| Friedrich Nietzsche | Jacques Derrida | ||||
| Edmund Husserl | Jürgen Habermas | ||||
| Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling | Leo Strauss | ||||
| more ▼ | more ▼ | ||||
| x Friedrich Hölderlin |
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Pindar | Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel | Hermann Hesse |
Johann Christian Friedrich Hölderlin (German pronunciation: [ˈjoːhan ˈkrɪsti.aːn ˈfriːdrɪç ˈhœldərliːn]; 20 March 1770 – 6 June 1843) was one of the greatest German poets.
Developing a poetic idiom truly his own, Hölderlin kept his distance from...
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| Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling | Friedrich Nietzsche | ||||
| Walter Benjamin | |||||
| Theodor W. Adorno | |||||
| Günter Grass | |||||
| more ▼ | |||||
| x Friedrich Engels |
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Johann Jakob Bachofen | Karl Marx | Georg Lukács |
Friedrich Engels (28 November 1820 – 5 August 1895) was a German social scientist, author, political theorist, philosopher, and father of communist theory, alongside Karl Marx. Together they produced The Communist Manifesto in 1848. Engels also...
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| Adam Smith | Max Stirner | Jean-Paul Sartre | |||
| Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel | William Morris | Leon Trotsky | |||
| Jean-Jacques Rousseau | Vladimir Lenin | ||||
| David Ricardo | Mao Zedong | ||||
| more ▼ | more ▼ | ||||
| x Aeschylus |
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Pythagoras | Sophocles |
Aeschylus (pronounced /ˈɛskɨləs/ or /ˈiːskɨləs/, Greek: Αἰσχύλος, Aiskhulos, c. 525 BC/524 BC – c. 456 BC/455 BC) was an ancient Greek playwright. He is often recognized as the father of tragedy, and is the earliest of the three Greek tragedians...
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| Hans-Georg Gadamer | |||||
| Grigol Robakidze | |||||
| x Sophocles |
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Aeschylus | Euripides |
Sophocles (pronounced /ˈsɒfəkliːz/ in English; ancient Greek Σοφοκλῆς Sophoklēs, probably pronounced [sopʰoklɛ̂ːs]; c. 496 BC-406 BC) was the second of the three ancient Greek tragedians whose work has survived. His first plays were written later...
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| Dominik Smole | |||||
| Heiner Müller | |||||
| Grigol Robakidze | |||||
| Malcolm Lowry | |||||
| more ▼ | |||||
| x Euripides |
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Sophocles | Aristophanes |
Euripides (Ancient Greek: Εὐριπίδης) (ca. 480 BCE–406 BCE) was the last of the three great tragedians of classical Athens (the other two being Aeschylus and Sophocles). Ancient scholars thought that Euripides had written ninety-five plays, although...
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| Protagoras | Seneca the Younger | ||||
| Socrates | Menander | ||||
| Anaxagoras | Robinson Jeffers | ||||
| x Socrates |
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Parmenides | Aristophanes |
Socrates (pronounced /ˈsɒkrətiːz/; Greek: Σωκράτης, Sōkrátēs; c. 469 BC–399 BC) was a Classical Greek philosopher. Credited as one of the founders of Western philosophy, he is an enigmatic figure known only through the classical accounts of his...
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| Anaxagoras | Euripides | ||||
| Plato | |||||
| Antisthenes | |||||
| Leo Strauss | |||||
| more ▼ | |||||
| x Aristophanes |
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Socrates | Plato |
Aristophanes (Ἀριστοφάνης, ca. 446 – ca. 386 BC), son of Philippus, of the deme Cydathenaus, was a prolific and much acclaimed comic playwright of ancient Athens. Eleven of his forty plays have come down to us virtually complete. These, together...
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| Euripides | Søren Kierkegaard | ||||
| Pindar | |||||
| x Thales |
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Anaximander |
Thales of Miletus (Θαλής,Thales,Thalês (pronounced /ˈθeɪliːz/ or "THEH-leez") , ca. 624 BC–ca. 546 BC), was a pre-Socratic Greek philosopher from Miletus in Asia Minor, and one of the Seven Sages of Greece. Many, most notably Aristotle, regard him...
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| Pythagoras | |||||
| George Edward Moore | |||||
| x Anaximander |
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Thales | Pythagoras |
Anaximander (Ancient Greek: Ἀναξίμανδρος) (c. 610 BC–c. 546 BC) was a pre-Socratic Greek philosopher who lived in Miletus, a city of Ionia. He belonged to the Milesian school and learned the teachings of his master Thales. He succeeded him and...
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| Aristotle | |||||
| Martin Heidegger | |||||
| x Aristotle |
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Anaximander | Alexander the Great |
Aristotle (Greek: Ἀριστοτέλης, Aristotélēs) (384 BC – 322 BC) was a Greek philosopher, a student of Plato and teacher of Alexander the Great. He wrote on many subjects, including physics, metaphysics, poetry, theater, music, logic, rhetoric,...
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| Epicurus | Ammonius Saccas | ||||
| Plato | Augustine of Hippo | ||||
| Hippocrates | Roger Bacon | ||||
| Heraclitus | Anicius Manlius Severinus Boethius | ||||
| more ▼ | more ▼ | ||||
| x Anaxagoras |
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Pericles | Euripides |
Anaxagoras (Greek: Ἀναξαγόρας, Anaxagoras, "lord of the assembly"; c. 500 BC – 428 BC) was a Pre-Socratic Greek philosopher. Born in Clazomenae in Asia Minor, Anaxagoras was the first philosopher to bring philosophy from Ionia to Athens. He...
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| Socrates | |||||
| x Pericles |
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Protagoras | Anaxagoras | Thucydides |
Pericles (also spelled Perikles) (c. 495 – 429 BC, Greek: Περικλῆς, meaning "surrounded by glory") was a prominent and influential statesman, orator, and general of Athens during the city's Golden Age—specifically, the time between the Persian and...
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| Zeno of Elea | |||||
| x Pythagoras |
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Anaximander | Euclid |
Pythagoras of Samos (Greek: Ὁ Πυθαγόρας ὁ Σάμιος, O Pūthagoras o Samios, "Pythagoras the Samian", or simply Ὁ Πυθαγόρας; c. 570-c. 495 BC) was an Ionian Greek philosopher and founder of the religious movement called Pythagoreanism. He is often...
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| Thales | Aeschylus | ||||
| Pherecydes of Syros | Plato | ||||
| Geber | |||||
| Johannes Kepler | |||||
| more ▼ | |||||
| x Euclid |
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Pythagoras | Blaise Pascal |
Euclid (Greek: Εὐκλείδης — Eukleídēs), fl. 300 BC, also known as Euclid of Alexandria, was a Greek mathematician and is often referred to as the "Father of Geometry." He was active in Hellenistic Alexandria during the reign of Ptolemy I (323–283 BC)...
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| Isaac Newton | |||||
| Marin Mersenne | |||||
| Adrien-Marie Legendre | |||||
| Giuseppe Peano | |||||
| x Leucippus |
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Democritus |
Leucippus or Leukippos (Greek: Λεύκιππος, first half of 5th century BC) was the first Greek to develop the theory of atomism — the idea that everything is composed entirely of various imperishable, indivisible elements called atoms — which was...
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| x Democritus |
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Leucippus | Epicurus |
Democritus (Greek: Δημόκριτος, Dēmokritos, "chosen of the people") (ca. 460 BCE – ca. 370 BCE) was an Ancient Greek philosopher born in Abdera in the north of Greece. He was the most prolific, and ultimately the most influential, of the pre-Socratic...
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| Asclepiades of Bithynia | |||||
| Lucretius | |||||
| George Santayana | |||||
| Francis Bacon | |||||
| more ▼ | |||||
| x Plato |
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Pythagoras | Zeno of Citium |
Plato (pronounced /ˈpleɪtoʊ/) (Greek: Πλάτων, Plátōn, "broad") (428/427 BC – 348/347 BC), was a Classical Greek philosopher, mathematician, writer of philosophical dialogues, and founder of the Academy in Athens, the first institution of higher...
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| Protagoras | Aristotle | ||||
| Socrates | Cicero | ||||
| Heraclitus | Ammonius Saccas | ||||
| Aristophanes | Mani | ||||
| more ▼ | more ▼ | ||||
| x Protagoras |
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Zeno of Elea | Pericles |
Protagoras (Greek: Πρωταγόρας) (ca. 490– 420 BC) was a pre-Socratic Greek philosopher and is numbered as one of the sophists by Plato. In his dialogue Protagoras, Plato credits him with having invented the role of the professional sophist or teacher...
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| Plato | |||||
| Euripides | |||||
| Giovanni Gentile | |||||
| Ferdinand Canning Scott Schiller | |||||
| more ▼ | |||||
| x Zeno of Citium |
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Plato | Cleanthes |
Zeno of Citium (Greek: Ζήνων ὁ Κιτιεύς, Zēnōn ho Kitieŭs; 334 BC - 262 BC) was a Greek philosopher from Citium (Greek: Κίτιον), Cyprus. Zeno was the founder of the Stoic school of philosophy which he taught in Athens, from about 300 BC. Based on the...
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| Heraclitus | Chrysippus | ||||
| Crates of Thebes | Seneca the Younger | ||||
| Epictetus | |||||
| Panaetius | |||||
| more ▼ | |||||
| x Cleanthes | Zeno of Citium | Chrysippus |
Cleanthes (Greek: Κλέανθης, Kléanthēs) of Assos, lived c. 330- c. 230 BC, was a Greek Stoic philosopher and the successor to Zeno as the second head (scholarch) of the Stoic school in Athens. Originally a boxer, he came to Athens where he took up...
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| Epictetus | |||||
| x Chrysippus |
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Cleanthes | Cicero |
Chrysippus of Soli (c.280–c.207 BC) (Χρύσιππος ὁ Σολεύς, Chrysippos ho Soleus) was a Greek Stoic philosopher. He was a pupil of Cleanthes, and his successor, in 230 BC, as third head of the Stoic school. A prolific writer, Chrysippus expanded the...
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| Zeno of Citium | Seneca the Younger | ||||
| Epictetus | |||||
| x Epicurus |
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Democritus | Aristotle |
Epicurus (Greek: Ἐπίκουρος, Epikouros, "ally, comrade"; Samos, 341 BCE – Athens, 270 BCE; 72 years) was an ancient Greek philosopher and the founder of the school of philosophy called Epicureanism. Only a few fragments and letters remain of Epicurus...
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| Pyrrho | Lucretius | ||||
| Friedrich Nietzsche | |||||
| John Stuart Mill | |||||
| Karl Marx | |||||
| more ▼ | |||||
| x Xenophanes | Parmenides |
Xenophanes of Colophon (Ancient Greek: Ξενοφάνης ὁ Κολοφώνιος IPA: [ksenophánɛːs ho kolophɔˊːnios]; 570 – 480 BCE) was a Greek philosopher, poet, and social and religious critic. Our knowledge of his views comes from fragments of his poetry,...
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| x Parmenides |
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Xenophanes | Socrates |
Parmenides of Elea (Greek: Παρμενίδης ὁ Ἐλεάτης; c. 520-c. 450 BCE) was an ancient Greek philosopher born in Elea, a Greek city on the southern coast of Italy. He was the founder of the Eleatic school of philosophy. Parmenides was also a priest of...
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| Heraclitus | Zeno of Elea | ||||
| Pythagoras | Aristotle | ||||
| Plato | |||||
| Baruch Spinoza | |||||
| more ▼ | |||||
| x Zeno of Elea |
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Parmenides | Pericles |
Zeno of Elea (pronounced /ˈziːnoʊ əv ˈɛliə/, Greek: Ζήνων ὁ Ἐλεάτης) (ca. 490 BC? – ca. 430 BC?) was a pre-Socratic Greek philosopher of southern Italy and a member of the Eleatic School founded by Parmenides. Aristotle called him the inventor of...
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| Aristotle | |||||
| Plato | |||||
| Protagoras | |||||
| x Antisthenes |
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Socrates | Diogenes of Sinope |
Antisthenes (Greek: Ἀντισθένης; c. 445-c. 365 BCE) was a Greek philosopher and a pupil of Socrates. Antisthenes first learned rhetoric under Gorgias before becoming an ardent disciple of Socrates. He adopted and developed the ethical side of...
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| Gustavo Bueno | Crates of Thebes | ||||
| x Cicero |
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Plato | Petrarch |
Marcus Tullius Cicero (pronounced /ˈsɪsɨroʊ/; Classical Latin: [ˈkikeroː]; January 3, 106 BC – December 7, 43 BC) was a Roman philosopher, statesman, lawyer, political theorist, and Roman constitutionalist. Cicero is widely considered one of Rome's...
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| Chrysippus | Michel de Montaigne | ||||
| Lucretius | Giambattista Vico | ||||
| Posidonius | David Hume | ||||
| Panaetius | Augustine of Hippo | ||||
| more ▼ | |||||
| x Seneca the Younger |
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Euripides | Michel de Montaigne |
Lucius Annaeus Seneca (often known simply as Seneca, or Seneca the Younger) (c. 4 BC – AD 65) was a Roman Stoic philosopher, statesman, dramatist, and in one work humorist, of the Silver Age of Latin literature. He was tutor and later advisor to...
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| Chrysippus | Alain de Botton | ||||
| Zeno of Citium | Jean Racine | ||||
| Ovid | Joost van den Vondel | ||||
| Virgil | Pierre Corneille | ||||
| more ▼ | more ▼ | ||||
| x Alexander the Great |
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Aristotle |
Alexander III of Macedon, popularly known as Alexander the Great (Greek: Ἀλέξανδρος ὁ Μέγας or Μέγας Ἀλέξανδρος, Mégas Aléxandros; 356–323 BC), was a Greek king (basileus) of Macedon who created one of the largest empires in ancient history. Born in...
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| x Plotinus |
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Ammonius Saccas | Augustine of Hippo |
Plotinus (Greek: Πλωτῖνος) (ca. CE 204–270) was a major philosopher of the ancient world who is widely considered the founder of Neoplatonism (along with his teacher Ammonius Saccas). Neoplatonism was an influential philosophy in Late Antiquity....
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| Plato | Avicenna | ||||
| Anicius Manlius Severinus Boethius | |||||
| Johannes Scotus Eriugena | |||||
| Averroes | |||||
| more ▼ | |||||
| x Ammonius Saccas | Plato | Plotinus |
Ammonius Saccas (3rd century AD) was a Greek philosopher from Alexandria who was often referred to as one of the founders of Neoplatonism. He is mainly known as the teacher of Plotinus, whom he taught for eleven years from 232 to 243. He was...
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| Aristotle | Origen | ||||
| x Origen |
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Ammonius Saccas | John Hick |
Origen (Greek: Ὠριγένης Ōrigénēs, or Origen Adamantius, c. 185–254) was an early Christian scholar and theologian, and one of the most distinguished of the early fathers of the Christian Church. According to tradition, he is held to have been an...
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| Plato | Theognostus of Alexandria | ||||
| Nikolai Lossky | |||||
| x Augustine of Hippo |
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Plotinus | Thomas Aquinas |
Augustine of Hippo (pronounced /ˈɔːɡəstiːn/ or /ɒˈɡʌstɨn/) (Latin: Aurelius Augustinus Hipponensis;) (November 13, 354 – August 28, 430), Bishop of Hippo Regius, also known as St. Augustine or St. Austin, was a Berber philosopher and theologian....
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| Aristotle | Petrarch | ||||
| Paul of Tarsus | Giovanni Pico della Mirandola | ||||
| Mani | Giambattista Vico | ||||
| Cicero | Johannes Scotus Eriugena | ||||
| more ▼ | more ▼ | ||||
| x Thomas Aquinas |
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Johannes Scotus Eriugena | René Descartes |
Saint Thomas Aquinas, O.P. (also Thomas of Aquin or Aquino; born ca. 1225; died 7 March 1274) was a priest of the Roman Catholic Church in the Dominican Order from Italy, and an immensely influential philosopher and theologian in the tradition of...
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| Aristotle | Immanuel Kant | ||||
| Avicenna | Francisco Suárez | ||||
| Albertus Magnus | Lorenzo Valla | ||||
| Augustine of Hippo | Duns Scotus | ||||
| more ▼ | more ▼ | ||||
| x Isaiah |
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Jeremiah |
Isaiah (Hebrew: יְשַׁעְיָהוּ, Modern Yəšaʿyáhu Tiberian Yəšaʿăyāhû ; Greek: Ἠσαΐας, Ēsaiās ; Arabic: أشعیاء, Ash'iyā' , Spanish: Isaías ; "Yahweh is mighty"; pronounced /aɪˈzeɪ.ə/ (US), /aɪˈzaɪ.ə/ (UK)) is the main figure in the Biblical Book of...
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| x Jeremiah |
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Isaiah |
Jeremiah (Hebrew：יִרְמְיָה, Yirmĭyahu, meaning “Yahweh exalts”, in English pronounced /dʒɛrɨˈmaɪ.ə/) was one of the prophets of the Hebrew Bible. His writings are put together in the Book of Jeremiah and traditionally, authorship of the Book of...
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| x Jesus Christ |
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Paul of Tarsus |
Jesus Christ is God. He is infinite. Jesus Christ was and still is the Messiah the Jews were waiting for. Jesus Christ founded Roman Catholicism and no other religion. The religion of the Catholic Church is the only true religion because it is...
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| Mani | |||||
| Constantine I | |||||
| Augustine of Hippo | |||||
| Martin Luther King, Jr. | |||||
| more ▼ | |||||
| x Lucretius |
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Epicurus | Virgil |
Titus Lucretius Carus (ca. 99 BC- ca. 55 BC) was a Roman poet and philosopher. His only known work is the epic philosophical poem on Epicureanism De rerum natura, translated into English as On the Nature of Things or "On the Nature of the Universe"....
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| Democritus | Michel de Montaigne | ||||
| Empedocles | George Santayana | ||||
| Clément Rosset | |||||
| Ovid | |||||
| more ▼ | |||||
| x Paul of Tarsus |
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Jesus Christ | Augustine of Hippo |
Paul of Tarsus, also called Paul the Apostle, the Apostle Paul, or Saint Paul, (Ancient Greek: Σαούλ (Saul), Σαῦλος (Saulos), and Παῦλος (Paulos); Latin: Paulus or Paullus; Hebrew: שאול התרסי Šaʾul HaTarsi (Saul of Tarsus) (c.5 BC - c.67 AD), was a...
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| Constantine I | |||||
| Thomas Aquinas | |||||
| Hannah Arendt | |||||
| Ray Blackston | |||||
| more ▼ | |||||
| x Virgil |
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Lucretius | Horace | Dante Alighieri |
Publius Vergilius Maro (also known by the Anglicised forms of his name as Virgil or Vergil) (October 15, 70 BCE – September 21, 19 BCE) was a classical Roman poet, best known for three major works—the Eclogues (or Bucolics), the Georgics, and the...
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| Homer | Petrarch | ||||
| Callimachus | Michel de Montaigne | ||||
| Ennius | Jorge Luis Borges | ||||
| T. S. Eliot | |||||
| more ▼ | |||||
| x Roger Bacon |
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Aristotle | Francis Bacon |
Roger Bacon, O.F.M. (c. 1214–1294), also known as Doctor Mirabilis (Latin: "wonderful teacher"), was an English philosopher and Franciscan friar who placed considerable emphasis on empiricism. He is sometimes credited as one of the earliest European...
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| John Wycliffe | |||||
| x Anicius Manlius Severinus Boethius |
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Aristotle | Thomas Aquinas |
Anicius Manlius Severinus Boëthius (ca. 480–524 or 525) was a Christian philosopher of the early 6th century. He was born in Rome to an ancient and important family which included emperors Petronius Maximus and Olybrius and many consuls. His father,...
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| Plotinus | Lorenzo Valla | ||||
| Cicero | Duns Scotus | ||||
| Plato | Pierre Abélard | ||||
| Seneca the Younger | Dante Alighieri | ||||
| x Thomas Hobbes |
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René Descartes | John Stuart Mill |
Thomas Hobbes (5 April 1588 – 4 December 1679) was an English philosopher, remembered today for his work on political philosophy. His 1651 book Leviathan established the foundation for most of Western political philosophy from the perspective of...
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| Ben Jonson | John Locke | ||||
| Francis Bacon | Baruch Spinoza | ||||
| Hugo Grotius | Michael Oakeshott | ||||
| Epicurus | Adam Smith | ||||
| more ▼ | more ▼ | ||||
| x René Descartes |
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Thomas Aquinas | Jean le Rond d'Alembert |
René Descartes (French pronunciation: [ʁəne dekaʁt]), (31 March 1596 – 11 February 1650), also known as Renatus Cartesius (Latinized form), was a French philosopher, mathematician, physicist, and writer who spent most of his adult life in the Dutch...
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| William of Ockham | Thomas Hobbes | ||||
| Avicenna | George Berkeley | ||||
| Plato | Blaise Pascal | ||||
| Aristotle | Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz | ||||
| more ▼ | more ▼ | ||||
| x Duns Scotus |
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Henry of Ghent | William of Ockham |
Blessed John (Johannes) Duns Scotus, O.F.M. (c. 1266 – December 8, 1308) was one of the more important theologians and philosophers of the High Middle Ages. He was nicknamed Doctor Subtilis for his penetrating and subtle manner of thought.
Scotus...
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| Anselm of Canterbury | Giambattista Vico | ||||
| Thomas Aquinas | René Descartes | ||||
| Porphyry | Martin Heidegger | ||||
| Aristotle | Charles Peirce | ||||
| more ▼ | more ▼ | ||||
| x William of Ockham |
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Duns Scotus | René Descartes |
William of Ockham (also Occam, Hockham, or any of several other spellings, pronounced /ˈɒkəm/) (c. 1288 - c. 1348) was an English Franciscan friar and scholastic philosopher, from Ockham, a small village in Surrey, near East Horsley. He is...
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| Aristotle | Willard Van Orman Quine | ||||
| Thomas Aquinas | William Crathorn | ||||
| John Wycliffe | |||||
| x Dante Alighieri |
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Virgil | Giotto di Bondone | Auguste Rodin |
Durante degli Alighieri (May/June c.1265 – September 14, 1321), commonly known as Dante, was an Italian poet of the Middle Ages. His central work, the Divina Commedia (originally called Commedia and later called Divina ("divine") by Boccaccio), is...
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| Ptolemy | Sandro Botticelli | ||||
| Homer | Henry Wadsworth Longfellow | ||||
| Ovid | William Blake | ||||
| Horace | André Breton | ||||
| more ▼ | more ▼ | ||||
| x Petrarch |
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Augustine of Hippo | John Milton |
Francesco Petrarca (July 20, 1304 – July 19, 1374), known in English as Petrarch, was an Italian scholar, poet and one of the earliest Renaissance humanists. Petrarch is often called the "Father of Humanism". Based on Petrarch's works, as well as...
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| Virgil | Adam Mickiewicz | ||||
| Cicero | France Prešeren | ||||
| Ovid | Gheorghe Asachi | ||||
| Ugo Foscolo | |||||
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| x Ptolemy |
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Aristotle | Nicolaus Copernicus |
Claudius Ptolemaeus (Greek: Κλαύδιος Πτολεμαῖος Klaúdios Ptolemaîos; 90 – 168), known in English as Ptolemy (pronounced /ˈtɒləmɪ/), was a Roman citizen of Greek or Egyptian ancestry. He was a mathematician, astronomer, geographer, astrologer and a...
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| Dante Alighieri | |||||
| Abd Al-Rahman Al Sufi | |||||
| Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi | |||||
| Tycho Brahe | |||||
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| x Nicolaus Copernicus |
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Ptolemy | Isaac Newton |
Nicolaus Copernicus (German: Nikolaus Kopernikus, in his youth Niclas Koppernigk; Polish: Mikołaj Kopernik; 19 February 1473 – 24 May 1543) was the first astronomer to formulate a comprehensive heliocentric cosmology, which displaced the Earth from...
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| Nasir al-Din Tusi | Tycho Brahe | ||||
| Aristotle | Galileo Galilei | ||||
| Giordano Bruno | |||||
| Thomas Digges | |||||
| x Immanuel Kant |
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Thomas Aquinas | Friedrich Albert Lange |
Immanuel Kant (German pronunciation: [ɪˈmanuɛl kant]; 22 April 1724 – 12 February 1804) was an 18th-century German philosopher from the Prussian city of Königsberg (now Kaliningrad, Russia). Kant was the last influential philosopher of modern Europe...
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| Jean-Jacques Rousseau | Johann Georg Hamann | ||||
| Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz | Friedrich Daniel Ernst Schleiermacher | ||||
| David Hume | Samuel Taylor Coleridge | ||||
| Baruch Spinoza | Johann Gottlieb Fichte | ||||
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| x Auguste Rodin |
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Dante Alighieri | Rainer Maria Rilke |
Auguste Rodin (born François-Auguste-René Rodin; 12 November 1840 – 17 November 1917) was a French sculptor. Although Rodin is generally considered the progenitor of modern sculpture, he did not set out to rebel against the past. He was schooled...
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| Michelangelo | Alberto Giacometti | ||||
| Gustav Vigeland | |||||
| Antoine Bourdelle | |||||
| Edgar Bertram Mackennal | |||||
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| x Albertus Magnus |
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Aristotle | Thomas Aquinas |
Saint Albertus Magnus, O.P. (1193/1206 – November 15, 1280), also known as Saint Albert the Great and Albert of Cologne, was a Dominican friar and bishop who achieved fame for his comprehensive knowledge of and advocacy for the peaceful coexistence...
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| Avicenna | |||||
| x Giovanni Pico della Mirandola |
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Avicenna | Girolamo Benivieni | Michelangelo |
Count Giovanni Pico della Mirandola (February 24, 1463 – November 17, 1494) was an Italian Renaissance philosopher. He is famed for the events of 1486, when at the age of 23, he proposed to defend 900 theses on religion, philosophy, natural...
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| Averroes | Poliziano | Giordano Bruno | |||
| Aristotle | Girolamo Savonarola | ||||
| Marsilio Ficino | |||||
| Lorenzo de' Medici | |||||
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