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skud for the Law Commons
A legal subject is any subject that can be addressed by a legal case, law, bill, or other legal document or process.
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63 Legal subject topics matching:
Filter this Collection| x name | x image | x Legal cases | x article |
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| x Abortion |
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Roe v. Wade |
A forced abortion may occur when the perpetrator causes abortion by force, threat or coercion, or by taking advantage of woman's incapability to give her consent. This may also include the instances when the conduct was neither justified by medical...
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| R v Davidson | |||
| x Marriage |
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Loving v. Virginia |
Marriage (also called matrimony or wedlock) is a social union or legal contract between people called spouses that creates kinship. The definition of marriage varies according to different cultures, but is usually an institution in which...
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| x Race |
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Loving v. Virginia |
Race is a classification system used to categorize humans into large and distinct populations or groups by heritable phenotypic characteristics, geographic ancestry, physical appearance, and ethnicity. In the early twentieth century the term was...
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| x Privacy |
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Roe v. Wade |
Privacy (from Latin: privatus "separated from the rest, deprived of something, esp. office, participation in the government", from privo "to deprive") is the ability of an individual or group to seclude themselves or information about themselves and...
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| Savana Redding v. Safford Unified School District #1 | |||
| x Search and seizure |
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California v. Greenwood |
Search and seizure is a legal procedure used in many civil law and common law legal systems whereby police or other authorities and their agents, who suspect that a crime has been committed, do a search of a person's property and confiscate any...
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| x Waste |
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California v. Greenwood |
Waste (also known as rubbish, trash, refuse, garbage, junk, and litter) is unwanted or useless materials.
Waste is linked to people development. Litter refers to waste disposed of improperly.
"Wastes are materials that are not prime products (that...
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| x Natural environment |
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Commonwealth v Tasmania |
The natural environment encompasses all living and non-living things occurring naturally on Earth or some region thereof. It is an environment that encompasses the interaction of all living species. The concept of the natural environment can be...
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| x Franklin Dam |
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Commonwealth v Tasmania |
The Franklin Dam or Gordon-below-Franklin Dam project was a proposed dam on the Gordon River in Tasmania, Australia, that was never constructed. The movement that eventually led to the project's cancellation became one of most significant...
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| x Trademark | Microsoft vs. Lindows |
A trademark, trade mark, or trade-mark is a distinctive sign or indicator used by an individual, business organization, or other legal entity to identify that the products or services to consumers with which the trademark appears originate from a...
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| Scholastic Inc. vs. Stouffer | |||
| x Native title | Mabo v Queensland |
Native title is the Australian version of the common law doctrine of Aboriginal title.
Native title is "the recognition by Australian law that some Indigenous people have rights and interests to their land that come from their traditional laws and...
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| x Land rights | Mabo v Queensland |
Land law is the form of law that deals with the rights to use, alienate, or exclude others from land. In many jurisdictions, these species of property are referred to as real estate or real property, as distinct from personal property. Land use...
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| x Religion |
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Adelaide Company of Jehovah's Witnesses v Commonwealth |
Religion is a collection of cultural systems, belief systems, and worldviews that relate humanity to spirituality and, sometimes, to moral values. Many religions have narratives, symbols, traditions and sacred histories that are intended to give...
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| x Election |
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Ray v. Blair |
An election is a formal decision-making process by which a population chooses an individual to hold public office. Elections have been the usual mechanism by which modern representative democracy has operated since the 17th century. Elections may...
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| Australian Capital Television Pty Ltd v Commonwealth | |||
| x Slander and libel | McLibel case |
Defamation—also called calumny, vilification, traducement, slander (for transitory statements), and libel (for written, broadcast, or otherwise published words)—is the communication of a statement that makes a claim, expressly stated or implied to...
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| x McDonald's |
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McLibel case |
McDonald's Corporation (NYSE: MCD) is the world's largest chain of hamburger fast food restaurants, serving around 68 million customers daily in 119 countries. Headquartered in the United States, the company began in 1940 as a barbecue restaurant...
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| x Eminent domain |
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Kohl v United States |
Eminent domain (United States), compulsory purchase (United Kingdom, New Zealand, Ireland), resumption/compulsory acquisition (Australia), or expropriation (South Africa and Canada) is an action of the state to seize a citizen's private property,...
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| x Campaign advertising | Australian Capital Television Pty Ltd v Commonwealth |
In politics, campaign advertising is the use of an advertising campaign through newspapers, radio commercials, television commercials, etc.) to influence the decisions made for and by groups. These ads are designed by political consultants and the...
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| x Racial segregation |
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Brown v. Board of Education |
De facto segregation is the separation of humans into racial groups in daily life. It may apply to activities such as eating in a restaurant, drinking from a water fountain, using a public toilet, attending school, going to the movies, or in the...
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| Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education | |||
| x Equal opportunity |
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Brown v. Board of Education |
Equal opportunity is a stipulation that all people should be treated similarly, unhampered by artificial barriers or prejudices or preferences, except when particular “distinctions can be explicitly justified.” The aim according to this often ...
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| x Freedom of speech |
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Hague v. Committee for Industrial Organization |
Freedom of speech is the political right to communicate one's opinions and ideas via speech. The term freedom of expression is sometimes used synonymously, but includes any act of seeking, receiving and imparting information or ideas, regardless of...
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| x Freedom of religion |
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A.C., et al. v. Director of Child and Family Services |
Freedom of religion is a principle that supports the freedom of an individual or community, in public or private, to manifest religion or belief in teaching, practice, worship, and observance; the concept is generally recognized also to include the...
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| x Plame affair | United States v. Libby |
The Plame Affair (also known as the CIA leak scandal, the CIA leak case, the CIA leak grand jury investigation, and Plamegate) involved the identification of Valerie Plame Wilson as a covert Central Intelligence Agency officer by Richard Armitage....
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| x Bank Charges | Office of Fair Trading v Abbey National and Others |
The term bank charge covers all charges and fees made by a bank to their customers. In common parlance, the term often relates to charges in respect of personal current accounts or checking account. These charges may take many forms, including:
Much...
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| x NSA electronic surveillance program | ACLU v. NSA |
An electronic surveillance program, whose actual name is currently unknown, was implemented by the National Security Agency (NSA) of the United States in the wake of the September 11, 2001 attacks. It was part of the President's Surveillance Program...
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| x Obscenity | Reno v. American Civil Liberties Union |
An obscenity is any statement or act which strongly offends the prevalent morality of the time, is a profanity, or is otherwise taboo, indecent, abhorrent, or disgusting, or is especially inauspicious. The term is also applied to an object that...
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| x Communications Decency Act | Reno v. American Civil Liberties Union |
The Communications Decency Act of 1996 (CDA) was the first notable attempt by the United States Congress to regulate pornographic material on the Internet. In 1997, in the landmark cyberlaw case of Reno v. ACLU, the United States Supreme Court...
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| x Arraignment |
Arraignment is a formal reading of a criminal complaint in the presence of the defendant to inform the defendant of the charges against him or her. In response to arraignment, the accused is expected to enter a plea. Acceptable pleas vary among...
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| x Affidavit |
An affidavit ( /ˌæfɨˈdeɪvɨt/ A-fə-DAY-vət) is a written sworn statement of fact voluntarily made by an affiant or deponent under an oath or affirmation administered by a person authorized to do so by law. Such statement is witnessed as to the...
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| x Video game controversy |
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Strickland v. Sony |
Controversies over video games often center on topics such as graphic violence, portrayal of criminal behavior, sex, nudity, racism and sexism, and other provocative and objectionable material.
Video games have been studied for links to addiction...
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| Schwarzenegger v. Entertainment Merchants Association | |||
| Midway Manufacturing Co. v. Artic International, Inc. | |||
| x Creation-evolution controversy |
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Scopes Trial |
The creation–evolution controversy (also termed the creation vs. evolution debate or the origins debate) is a recurring cultural, political, and theological dispute, primarily in the United States of America, about the origins of the Earth, humanity...
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| Freiler v. Tangipahoa Parish Board of Education | |||
| McLean v. Arkansas | |||
| Wright v. Houston Independent School District | |||
| Willoughby v. Stever | |||
| more ▼ | |||
| x Paternity | Dastagir v. Dastagir |
In law, paternity is the legal acknowledgment of the parental relationship between a man and a child usually based on several factors.
At common law, a child born to the wife during a marriage is the husband's child under the "presumption of...
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| x Gender discrimination | Shaya-Castro v. New York City Police Department |
Gender discriminaton is discrimination based on gender. This is considered a form of prejudice and is illegal in most countries.
Discrimination based on gender is often based on the gender stereotypes promoted by a particular society. For instance...
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| x Wrongful dismissal | Shaya-Castro v. New York City Police Department |
Wrongful dismissal, also called wrongful termination or wrongful discharge, is an idiom and legal phrase, describing a situation in which an employee's contract of employment has been terminated by the employer in circumstances where the termination...
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| x Hostile work environment | Jones, Et Al v. Halliburton Company et al |
A hostile work environment exists when an employee experiences workplace harassment and fears going to work because of the offensive, intimidating, or oppressive atmosphere generated by the harasser.
A hostile work environment may also be created...
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| x The Emma Slver Mine Swindle | Emma Silver Mine | ||
| x Environment |
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The biophysical environment is the biotic and abiotic surrounding of an organisms, or population, and includes particularly the factors that have an influence in their survival, development and evolution. The naked term environment can make...
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| x Climate change |
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Climate change is a significant and lasting change in the statistical distribution of weather patterns over periods ranging from decades to millions of years. It may be a change in average weather conditions, or in the distribution of weather around...
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| x Judicial review |
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Marbury v. Madison |
Judicial review is the doctrine under which legislative and executive actions are subject to review (and possible invalidation) by the judiciary. Specific courts with judicial review power must annul the acts of the state when it finds them...
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| x Three strikes law |
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Ewing v. California |
Three Strikes Laws are statutes enacted by state governments in the United States which require the state courts to impose a life sentence (usually with the possibility of parole) to persons who have been convicted of three or more serious criminal...
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| x Eighth Amendment to the United States Constitution |
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Ewing v. California |
The Eighth Amendment (Amendment VIII) to the United States Constitution is the part of the United States Bill of Rights prohibiting the federal government from imposing excessive bail, excessive fines or cruel and unusual punishments. The U.S....
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| x Cruel and unusual punishment | Ewing v. California |
Cruel and unusual punishment is a phrase describing punishment which is considered unacceptable due to the suffering, pain, or humiliation it inflicts on the condemned person. They especially include some forms of capital punishment. These exact...
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| x Criminal law |
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Ewing v. California |
Criminal law, as opposed to civil law, is the body of law that relates to crime. It might be defined as the body of rules that defines conduct that is not allowed because it is held to threaten, harm or endanger the safety and welfare of people, and...
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| x Agricultural law |
Agricultural law, sometimes referred to as Ag Law, deals with law on Agricultural infrastructure, seed, water, fertilizer, pesticide, etc.; Law on agricultural finance, Law on agricultural labour; agricultural marketing; Agricultural insurance,...
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| x Illegal immigration |
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Illegal immigration is the migration into a country/state in violation of the immigration laws and sovereignty of that country/state. Illegal immigration raises many political, economical and social issues and has become a source of major...
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| x Immigration |
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Immigration (derived from Latin: migratio) is the act of foreigners passing or coming into a country for the purpose of permanent residence. Immigration is made for many reasons, including economic, political, family re-unification, natural disaster...
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| x United States presidential election, 2000 |
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Bush v. Gore |
The United States presidential election of 2000 was a contest between Republican candidate George W. Bush, then-governor of Texas and son of former president George H. W. Bush (1989–1993), and Democratic candidate Al Gore, then-Vice President.
Bill...
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| x Murder |
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R. v. Dudley and Stephens |
Murder is the unlawful killing, with malice aforethought, of another human, and generally this state of mind distinguishes murder from other forms of unlawful homicide (such as manslaughter). As the loss of a human being inflicts enormous grief upon...
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| x Copyright |
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Matthewson v Stockdale |
Copyright is a legal concept, enacted by most governments, giving the creator of an original work exclusive rights to it, usually for a limited time. Generally, it is "the right to copy", but also gives the copyright holder the right to be credited...
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| Dicks v Brooks | |||
| Midway Manufacturing Co. v. Artic International, Inc. | |||
| x Medical cannabis |
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Gonzales v. Raich |
Medical cannabis refers to the parts of the herb cannabis used as a physician-recommended form of medicine or herbal therapy, or to synthetic forms of specific cannabinoids such as THC as a physician-recommended form of medicine. The Cannabis plant...
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| x 1937 Marijuana Tax Act |
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Leary v. United States |
The Marihuana Tax Act of 1937, Pub. 238, 75th Congress, 50 Stat. 551 (Aug. 2, 1937) was a United States Act that placed a tax on the sale of cannabis. The act was drafted by Harry Anslinger and introduced by Rep. Robert L. Doughton of North Carolina...
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| x Patent |
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Pfaff v. Wells Electronics, Inc. |
A patent ( /ˈpætənt/ or /ˈpeɪtənt/) is a form of intellectual property. It consists of a set of exclusive rights granted by a sovereign state to an inventor or their assignee for a limited period of time in exchange for the public disclosure of an...
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| Kodak vs. Apple | |||
| x Tomato |
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Nix v. Hedden |
The word "tomato" may refer to the plant (Solanum lycopersicum) or the edible, typically red, fruit that it bears. Originating in South America, the tomato was spread around the world following the Spanish colonization of the Americas, and its many...
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| x Food |
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Food is any substance consumed to provide nutritional support for the body. It is usually of plant or animal origin, and contains essential nutrients, such as carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, or minerals. The substance is ingested by an...
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| x Child custody |
Child custody and guardianship are legal terms which are used to describe the legal and practical relationship between a parent and his or her child, such as the right of the parent to make decisions for the child, and the parent's duty to care for...
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| x Employment | Sherbert v. Verner |
Employment is a contract between two parties, one being the employer and the other being the employee.
An employee contributes labor and expertise to an endeavor of an employer and is usually hired to perform specific duties which are packaged into...
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| Employment Division v. Smith | |||
| x Unemployment benefits |
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Employment Division v. Smith |
Unemployment benefits are payments made by the state or other authorized bodies to unemployed people. Benefits may be based on a compulsory para-governmental insurance system. Depending on the jurisdiction and the status of the person, those sums...
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| x United States patent law | Diamond v. Chakrabarty |
United States patent law was established "to promote the Progress of Science and useful Arts, by securing for limited Times to Authors and Inventors the exclusive Right to their respective Writings and Discoveries;" as provided by the United States...
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| x Genetically modified organism |
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Diamond v. Chakrabarty |
A genetically modified organism (GMO) or genetically engineered organism (GEO) is an organism whose genetic material has been altered using genetic engineering techniques. These techniques, generally known as recombinant DNA technology, use DNA...
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| x Sexual harassment | Jones, Et Al v. Halliburton Company et al |
Sexual harassment is intimidation, bullying or coercion of a sexual nature, or the unwelcome or inappropriate promise of rewards in exchange for sexual favors. In most modern legal contexts sexual harassment is illegal. As defined by EEOC, "It is...
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| x Animal welfare |
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Animal welfare is the physical and psychological well-being of animals. It is measured by indicators including behavior, physiology, longevity, and reproduction.
The term animal welfare can also mean human concern for animal welfare or a position in...
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