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This type is for hormones found in the human body.
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63 Hormone topics matching:
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| x Calcidiol |
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Calcifediol (INN), also known as calcidiol, 25-hydroxycholecalciferol, or 25-hydroxyvitamin D (abbreviated 25(OH)D), is a prehormone that is produced in the liver by hydroxylation of vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) by the enzyme cholecalciferol 25...
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| x Serotonin |
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Description could not be displayed
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| x Adiponectin |
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Adiponectin (also referred to as GBP-28, apM1, AdipoQ and Acrp30) is a protein which in humans is encoded by the ADIPOQ gene. It is involved in regulating glucose levels as well as fatty acid breakdown.
Adiponectin is a 244-amino-acid-long...
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| x Calcitonin |
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Calcitonin (also known as thyrocalcitonin) is a 32-amino acid linear polypeptide hormone that is produced in humans primarily by the parafollicular cells (also known as C-cells) of the thyroid, and in many other animals in the ultimobranchial body....
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| x Cholecystokinin |
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Cholecystokinin (CCK or CCK-PZ; from Greek chole, "bile"; cysto, "sac"; kinin, "move"; hence, move the bile-sac (gallbladder)) is a peptide hormone of the gastrointestinal system responsible for stimulating the digestion of fat and protein....
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| x Corticotropin-releasing hormone |
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Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), originally named corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), and also called corticoliberin, is a polypeptide hormone and neurotransmitter involved in the stress response. It belongs to corticotropin-releasing factor...
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| x Erythropoietin |
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Erythropoietin, or its alternatives erythropoetin or erthropoyetin ( /ɨˌrɪθrɵˈpɔɪ.ɨtɨn/, /ɨˌrɪθrɵˈpɔɪtən/, or /ɨˌriːθrɵ-/) or EPO, is a glycoprotein hormone that controls erythropoiesis, or red blood cell production. It is a cytokine (protein...
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| x Follicle-stimulating hormone |
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Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) is a hormone found in humans and other animals. It is synthesized and secreted by gonadotrophs of the anterior pituitary gland. FSH regulates the development, growth, pubertal maturation, and reproductive processes...
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| x Gastrin |
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In humans, gastrin is a peptide hormone that stimulates secretion of gastric acid (HCl) by the parietal cells of the stomach and aids in gastric motility. It is released by G cells in the antrum of the stomach, duodenum, and the pancreas. It binds...
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| x Ghrelin |
Ghrelin is a 28 amino acid hunger-stimulating peptide and hormone that is produced mainly by P/D1 cells lining the fundus of the human stomach and epsilon cells of the pancreas. Ghrelin levels increase before meals and decrease after meals. It is...
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| x Glucagon |
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Glucagon, a peptide hormone secreted by the pancreas, raises blood glucose levels. Its effect is opposite that of insulin, which lowers blood glucose levels. The pancreas releases glucagon when blood sugar (glucose) levels fall too low. Glucagon...
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| x Gonadotropin-releasing hormone |
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Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), also known as Luteinizing-hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) and luliberin, is a trophic peptide hormone responsible for the release of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) from the...
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| x Growth hormone releasing hormone |
Growth-hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH), also known as growth-hormone-releasing factor (GRF, GHRF), somatoliberin or somatocrinin, is a releasing hormone for growth hormone. It is a 44-amino acid peptide hormone produced in the arcuate nucleus of...
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| x Human chorionic gonadotropin |
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A sialoglycoprotein hormone secreted by the placenta and maintains the corpus luteum at the beginning of the gestation period.
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| x Human placental lactogen |
Human placental lactogen (HPL), also called human chorionic somatomammotropin, is a polypeptide placental hormone. Its structure and function is similar to that of human growth hormone. It modifies the metabolic state of the mother during pregnancy...
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| x Growth hormone |
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Growth hormone (GH) is a peptide hormone that stimulates growth, cell reproduction and regeneration in humans and other animals. Growth hormone is a 191-amino acid, single-chain polypeptide that is synthesized, stored, and secreted by the...
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| x Inhibin |
Inhibin is a peptide that is an inhibitor of FSH synthesis and secretion, and participates in the regulation of the menstrual cycle.
Inhibin contains an alpha and beta subunit linked by disulfide bonds. Two forms of inhibin differ in their beta...
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| x Insulin |
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Insulin is a hormone, produced by the pancreas, which is central to regulating carbohydrate and fat metabolism in the body. Insulin causes cells in the liver, muscle, and fat tissue to take up glucose from the blood, storing it as glycogen inside...
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| x Leptin |
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Leptin (Greek λεπτός (leptos) meaning thin) is a 16 kDa protein hormone that plays a key role in regulating energy intake and energy expenditure, including appetite and metabolism. It is one of the most important adipose derived hormones. The Ob(Lep...
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| x Luteinizing hormone |
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Luteinizing hormone (LH, also known as lutropin and sometimes lutrophin ) is a hormone produced by the anterior pituitary gland. In females, an acute rise of LH ("LH surge") triggers ovulation and development of the corpus luteum. In males, where...
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| x Melanocyte-stimulating hormone |
The melanocyte-stimulating hormones (collectively referred to as MSH or intermedins) are a class of peptide hormones that are produced by cells in the intermediate lobe of the pituitary gland. Synthetic analogs of these naturally occurring hormones...
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| x Orexin |
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Orexin, also called hypocretin, is a neurotransmitter that regulates arousal, wakefulness, and appetite. The most common form of narcolepsy, in which the sufferer briefly loses muscle tone (cataplexy), is caused by a lack of orexin in the brain due...
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| x Oxytocin |
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Oxytocin (Oxt) ( /ˌɒksɨˈtoʊsɪn/) is a mammalian hormone that acts primarily as a neuromodulator in the brain.
Oxytocin is best known for its roles in sexual reproduction, in particular during and after childbirth. It is released in large amounts...
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| x Parathyroid hormone |
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Parathyroid hormone (PTH), parathormone or parathyrin, is secreted by the chief cells of the parathyroid glands as a polypeptide containing 84 amino acids. It acts to increase the concentration of calcium (Ca) in the blood, whereas calcitonin (a...
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| x Prolactin |
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Prolactin (PRL) also known as luteotropic hormone (LTH) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PRL gene.
Prolactin is a peptide hormone discovered by Henry Friesen. Although it is perhaps best known for its role in lactation, prolactin...
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| x Relaxin |
Relaxin is a protein hormone first described in 1926 by Frederick Hisaw.
The relaxin-like peptide family belongs in the insulin superfamily and consists of 7 peptides of high structural but low sequence similarity; relaxin-1 (RLN1), 2 (RLN2) and 3 ...
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| x Secretin |
Secretin is a hormone that controls the secretions into the duodenum, and also separately, water homeostasis throughout the body. It is produced in the S cells of the duodenum in the crypts of Lieberkühn. Its effect is to regulate the pH of the...
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| x Somatostatin |
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Expressed primarily by human SST Gene (Somatostatin Family) in the hypothalamic median eminence and in pancreatic delta cells, secreted 116-aa 13-kDa (precursor) Somatostatin is an important cyclic tetradecapeptide regulator of endocrine and nervous...
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| x Thrombopoietin |
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Thrombopoietin (THPO) also known as megakaryocyte growth and development factor (MGDF) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the THPO gene.
Thrombopoietin is a glycoprotein hormone produced mainly by the liver and the kidney that regulates the...
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| x Thyrotropin-releasing hormone |
Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), also called thyrotropin-releasing factor (TRF), thyroliberin or protirelin, is a tropic, tripeptidal hormone that stimulates the release of TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone) and prolactin from the anterior...
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| x Cortisol |
Description could not be displayed
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| x Aldosterone |
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Aldosterone is a yellow steroid hormone (mineralocorticoid family) produced by the outer-section (zona glomerulosa) of the adrenal cortex in the adrenal gland. It acts mainly on the distal tubules and collecting ducts of the nephron, the functional...
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| x Testosterone |
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Description could not be displayed
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| x Dehydroepiandrosterone |
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5-Dehydroepiandrosterone (5-DHEA) is a 19-carbon endogenous steroid hormone. It is the major secretory steroidal product of the adrenal glands and is also produced by the gonads and the brain. DHEA is the most abundant circulating steroid in humans....
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| x Androstenedione |
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Androstenedione (also known as 4-androstenedione and 17-ketoestosterone) is a 19-carbon steroid hormone produced in the adrenal glands and the gonads as an intermediate step in the biochemical pathway that produces the androgen testosterone and the...
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| x Estradiol |
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Estradiol (E2 or 17β-estradiol, also oestradiol) is a sex hormone. Estradiol is abbreviated E2 as it has 2 hydroxyl groups in its molecular structure. Estrone has 1 (E1) and estriol has 3 (E3). Estradiol is about 10 times as potent as estrone and...
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| x Estrone |
Estrone (E1, and also oestrone) is an estrogenic hormone secreted by the ovary as well as adipose tissue.
Estrone is one of several natural estrogens, which also include estriol and estradiol. Estrone is the least abundant of the three hormones;...
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| x Estriol |
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Estriol (also oestriol) is one of the three main estrogens produced by the human body.
Estriol (E3) is only produced in significant amounts during pregnancy as it is made by the placenta from 16-Hydroxydehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (16-OH DHEAS),...
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| x Progesterone |
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Produced in the corpus luteum and by the placenta, as an antagonist of estrogens. Promotes proliferation of uterine mucosa and the implantation of the blastocyst, prevents further follicular development.On-line Medical Dictionary
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| x Leukotriene |
Leukotrienes are fatty signaling molecules. They were first found in leukocytes (hence their name). One of their roles (specifically, leukotriene D4) is to trigger contractions in the smooth muscles lining the trachea; their overproduction is a...
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| x Prostacyclin |
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Prostacyclin (or PGI2) is a member of the family of lipid molecules known as eicosanoids.
As a drug, it is also known as "epoprostenol". The terms are sometimes used interchangeably.
During the 1960s, a U.K. research team, headed by Professor John...
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| x Thromboxane |
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Thromboxane is a member of the family of lipids known as eicosanoids. The two major thromboxanes are thromboxane A2 and thromboxane B2. The distinguishing feature of thromboxanes is a 6-membered ether-containing ring.
Thromboxane is named for its...
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| x Lipotropin |
Lipotropin is a hormone produced by the cleavage of pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC). The anterior pituitary gland produces the pro-hormone POMC, which undergoes cleavage to adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) and β-lipotropin (β-LPH).
β-Lipotropin is a 90-amino...
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| x Brain natriuretic peptide |
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Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), now known as B-type natriuretic peptide (also BNP) or GC-B, is a 32 amino acid polypeptide secreted by the ventricles of the heart in response to excessive stretching of heart muscle cells (cardiomyocytes). BNP is...
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| x Neuropeptide Y |
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Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a 36-amino acid peptide neurotransmitter found in the brain and autonomic nervous system. It regulates energy usage, and is involved in learning, memory processing, and epilepsy. The main effect of its level/activity...
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| x Histamine |
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Histamine is an organic nitrogen compound involved in local immune responses as well as regulating physiological function in the gut and acting as a neurotransmitter. Histamine triggers the inflammatory response. As part of an immune response to...
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| x Endothelin |
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Endothelins are proteins that constrict blood vessels and raise blood pressure. They are normally kept in balance by other mechanisms, but when they are over-expressed, they contribute to high blood pressure (hypertension) and heart disease....
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| x Pancreatic polypeptide |
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Pancreatic polypeptide is a polypeptide secreted by PP cells in the endocrine pancreas predominantly in the head of the pancreas. It consists of 36 amino acids and has molecular weight about 4200 Da.
The function of PP is to self regulate the...
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| x Renin |
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Renin ( /ˈriːnɨn/ REE-nin), also known as an angiotensinogenase, is an enzyme that participates in the body's renin-angiotensin system (RAS)—also known as the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone axis—that mediates extracellular volume (i.e., that of the...
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| x Enkephalin |
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An enkephalin is a pentapeptide involved in regulating nociception in the body. The enkephalins are termed endogenous ligands, or specifically endorphins, as they are internally derived and bind to the body's opioid receptors. Discovered in 1975,...
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| x Melatonin |
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Melatonin /ˌmɛləˈtoʊnɪn/, also known chemically as N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine, is a naturally occurring compound found in animals, plants, and microbes. In animals, circulating levels of the hormone melatonin vary in a daily cycle, thereby...
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| x Thyroxine |
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A hormone synthesized and secreted by the thyroid gland containing four iodine atoms and is converted to triiodothyronine (T3) in the body, influencing metabolism and organ function.
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| x Triiodothyronine |
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Triiodothyronine, also known as T3, is a thyroid hormone. It affects almost every physiological process in the body, including growth and development, metabolism, body temperature, and heart rate.
Production of T3 and its prohormone thyroxine (T4)...
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| x Epinephrine |
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Epinephrine (also known as adrenaline) is a hormone and a neurotransmitter. Epinephrine has many functions in the body, regulating heart rate, blood vessel and air passage diameters, and metabolic shifts; epinephrine release is a crucial component...
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| x Dopamine |
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Description could not be displayed
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| x Adrenocorticotropic hormone |
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Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), also known as corticotropin, is a polypeptide tropic hormone produced and secreted by the anterior pituitary gland. It is an important component of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and is often produced in...
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| x Argipressin |
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Arginine vasopressin (AVP), also known as vasopressin, argipressin or antidiuretic hormone (ADH), is a neurohypophysial hormone found in most mammals. Vasopressin is responsible for increasing water absorption in the collecting ducts of the kidney...
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| x Atrial natriuretic peptide |
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Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), atrial natriuretic factor (ANF), atrial natriuretic hormone (ANH), or atriopeptin, is a powerful vasodilator, and a protein (polypeptide) hormone secreted by heart muscle cells. It is involved in the homeostatic...
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| x Insulin-like growth factor 1 |
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Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) also called somatomedin C is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IGF1 gene. IGF-1 has also been referred to as a "sulfation factor" and its effects were termed "nonsuppressible insulin-like activity" ...
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| x Thyroid-stimulating hormone |
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Thyroid-stimulating hormone (also known as TSH or thyrotropin) is a hormone that stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thyroxine (T4), and then triiodothyronine (T3) which stimulates the metabolism of almost every tissue in the body. It is a...
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