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Founding Figure table
table started by
darin for the Religion Commons
This type is used for individuals who were involved in the formulation of particular religions.
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| x name | x image | x Religion Founded | x article |
|---|---|---|---|
| x Guru Amar Das |
|
Sikhism |
Guru Amar Das (Gurmukhi: ਗੁਰੂ ਅਮਰ ਦਾਸ) (5 May 1479 - 1 September 1574) was the third of the tenth Gurus of Sikhism and became Guru on 26 March 1552 at the age of 73 following in the footsteps of Sri Guru Angad Dev Sahib Ji, who died on 29 March 1552...
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| x Guru Gobind Singh |
|
Sikhism |
Guru Gobind Singh Jee (Punjabi: ਗੁਰੂ ਗੋਬਿੰਦ ਸਿੰਘ, IPA: [ɡʊɾu ɡobɪn̪d̪ sɪ́ŋɡ]) (December 22, 1666 – 7 October 1708) was the tenth Guru of Sikhism. He was born in Patna, Bihar in India and became a Guru on November 11, 1675, at the age of nine years,...
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| x Jesus Christ |
|
Christianity |
Jesus of Nazareth (c 4 BC/BCE – c 30 AD/CE), also known as Jesus Christ, is the central figure of Christianity, and within most denominations he is venerated as the Son of God and as God incarnate. Christians also view him as the Messiah foretold in...
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| x Gautama Buddha |
|
Buddhism |
Siddhārtha Gautama (Sanskrit; Pali: Siddhattha Gotama) was a spiritual teacher in the northern region of the Indian subcontinent who founded Buddhism. He is generally seen by Buddhists as the Supreme Buddha (Sammāsambuddha) of our age. The time of...
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| Buddhist philosophy | |||
| Soto Zen | |||
| x Guru Ram Das |
|
Sikhism |
Guru Ram Das (Punjabi: ਗੁਰੂ ਰਾਮ ਦਾਸ) (Born in Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan on 24 September 1534 – 1 September 1581, Amritsar, Punjab, India) as the fourth of the Ten Gurus of Sikhism, and he became Guru on 30 August 1574 following in the footsteps of...
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| x Heinrich Bullinger |
|
Calvinism |
Heinrich Bullinger (July 18, 1504 - September 17, 1575) was a Swiss reformer, the successor of Huldrych Zwingli as head of the Zurich church and pastor at Grossmünster. A much less controversial figure than John Calvin or Martin Luther, his...
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| x John Calvin |
|
Calvinism |
John Calvin né Jean Cauvin (10 July 1509 – 27 May 1564) was an influential French theologian and pastor during the Protestant Reformation. He was a principal figure in the development of the system of Christian theology later called Calvinism....
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| Protestantism | |||
| x Guru Arjan Dev |
|
Sikhism |
Guru Arjan Dev Ji or Guru Arjun Dev Ji (Punjabi: ਗੁਰੂ ਅਰਜੁਨ ਦੇਵ) (born in Amritsar, Punjab, India on 15 April 1563 – 30 May 1606 Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan) was the fifth of the Ten Gurus of Sikhism and became a Guru on 1 September 1581 following in...
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| x Pietro Martire Vermigli |
|
Calvinism |
Pietro Martire Vermigli, sometimes simply Peter Martyr (September 8, 1499 – November 12, 1562), was an Italian theologian of the Reformation period.
He was born at Florence, the son of Stefano di Antonio Vermigli and Maria Fumantina, a moderately...
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| x Guru Har Rai |
|
Sikhism |
Guru Har Rai (Punjabi: ਗੁਰੂ ਹਰਿ ਰਾਇ) (26 February 1630 - 6 October 1661) was the seventh of the Eleven Gurus of Sikhism and became Guru on 8 March 1644 following in the footsteps of his grandfather, Guru Har Gobind, who was the sixth guru. Before he...
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| x Martin Luther |
|
Protestantism |
Martin Luther (German pronunciation: [ˈmaʁtin ˈlʊtɐ] November 10, 1483 – February 18, 1546) changed the course of Western civilization by initiating the Protestant Reformation. As a priest and theology professor, he confronted indulgence salesmen...
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| x Guru Teg Bahadur |
|
Sikhism |
Guru Tegh Bahadur (1 April 1621 – 11 November 1675) became the 9th Guru of Sikhism on 20 March 1665, following in the footsteps of his grand-nephew, Guru Har Krishan. Guru Tegh Bahadur was executed on the orders of Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb in Delhi....
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| x Guru Har Gobind |
|
Sikhism |
Guru Har Gobind (Punjabi: ਗੁਰੂ ਹਰਿ ਗੋਬਿੰਦ ਸਾਹਿਬ) also Sacha Badshah (ਸੱਚਾ ਪਾਦਸ਼ਾਹ True King) (1595–1644) was the sixth of the Ten Gurus of Sikhism and became Guru on 25 May 1606 following in the footsteps of his father Guru Arjan Dev. He was the...
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| x Guru Har Krishan |
|
Sikhism |
Guru Har Krishan (Punjabi: ਗੁਰੂ ਹਰਿ ਕ੍ਰਿਸ਼ਨ) (7 July 1656 – 30 March 1664) was the eighth of the Ten Gurus of Sikhism. He became Guru on 7 October 1661, succeeding his father, Guru Har Rai. Before Guru Har Krishan died, he nominated his granduncle,...
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| x John Knox |
|
Protestantism |
John Knox (c. 1510 – 24 November 1572) was a Scottish clergyman and leader of the Protestant Reformation who is considered the founder of the Presbyterian denomination. He was educated at the University of St Andrews and worked as a notary-priest....
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| x Guru Nanak Dev |
|
Sikhism |
Guru Nanak Dev (Punjabi: ਗੁਰੂ ਨਾਨਕ ਦੇਵ, Hindi: गुरु नानक, Urdu: گرونانک Guru Nānak) is the central figure in Sikhism, and is the first of the ten Sikh Gurus.
Guru Nanak Dev Jee was born on 15th April 1469, now celebrated as Prakash Dihara of Guru...
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| x Huldrych Zwingli |
|
Calvinism |
Huldrych (or Ulrich) Zwingli (1 January 1484 – 11 October 1531) was a leader of the Reformation in Switzerland. Born during a time of emerging Swiss patriotism and increasing criticism of the Swiss mercenary system, he attended the University of...
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| Protestantism | |||
| x Abraham |
|
Judaism |
Abraham or (Hebrew: אַבְרָהָם, Modern Avraham Tiberian ʾAḇrāhām Ashkenazi Avrohom or Avruhom ; Arabic: إبراهيم, Ibrāhīm ; Ge'ez: አብርሃም, ʾAbrəham) features in the Book of Genesis as the founding patriarch of the Israelites, Ishmaelites, Midianites...
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| Abrahamic religion | |||
| x Guru Angad Dev |
|
Sikhism |
Guru Angad Dev Ji was born on March 31, 1504 in a village called Harike in Ferozepur district of the Punjab. His father, Bhai Pheru was a trader. His parents called him Lehna. He was married at the age of fifteen. His wife, Khivi was a native of...
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| x Martin Bucer |
|
Calvinism |
Martin Bucer (or Butzer) (11 November 1491 – 28 February 1551) was a Protestant reformer based in Strasbourg who influenced Lutheran, Calvinist, and Anglican doctrines and practices. Although originally a member of the Dominican Order, after meeting...
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| x Thomas Cranmer |
|
Protestantism |
Thomas Cranmer (2 July 1489 – 21 March 1556) was a leader of the English Reformation and Archbishop of Canterbury during the reigns of Henry VIII and Edward VI. He helped build a favourable case for Henry's divorce from Catherine of Aragon which...
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| x Bodhidharma |
|
Zen |
Bodhidharma (Tamil: போதிதர்மன், early 5th century CE) was the Buddhist monk from southern India traditionally credited as the transmitter of Zen to China.
Very little contemporary biographical information on Bodhidharma is extant, and subsequent...
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| Soto Zen | |||
| x Saint Peter |
|
Christianity |
Saint Peter (Greek: Πέτρος, Pétros “Rock”, Kephas in Hellenized Aramaic) (c.1–AD 64) was a leader of the early Christian church, who features prominently in the New Testament Gospels and the Acts of the Apostles. According to Biblical accounts, he...
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| Roman Catholicism | |||
| x Muhammad |
|
Islam |
Muhammad ibn ‘Abdullāh (Arabic: محمّد; Transliteration: Muḥammad; pronounced [mʊħɑmmæd̪] ( listen); also spelled Mohammed or Muhammed) (ca. 570 Mecca[مَكَةَ ]/[ مَكَهْ ] – June 8, 632 Medina), is the founder of the religion of Islam [ إِسْلامْ ]...
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| Sunni Islam | |||
| x Confucius |
|
Confucianism |
Confucius (Chinese: 孔夫子; pinyin: Kǒng Fūzǐ; Wade-Giles: K'ung-fu-tzu), lit. "Master Kong," (traditionally September 28, 551 BC – 479 BC) was a Chinese thinker and social philosopher, whose teachings and philosophy have deeply influenced Chinese,...
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| x Paul of Tarsus |
|
Christianity |
Saint Paul, also called Paul the Apostle, the Apostle Paul or Paul of Tarsus, (Ancient Greek: Σαούλ (Saul), Σαῦλος (Saulos), and Παῦλος (Paulos); Latin: Paulus or Paullus; Hebrew: שאול התרסי Šaʾul HaTarsi (Saul of Tarsus)) (died c 64-65), was a...
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| Roman Catholicism | |||
| x Joseph Smith, Jr. |
|
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints |
The life of Joseph Smith, Jr. from 1827 to 1830 includes some of his life's most significant events, and some of the most important history of the Latter Day Saint movement, the Restorationist religious movement he initiated during this period. This...
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| Mormonism | |||
| x Oliver Cowdery |
|
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints |
Oliver Hervy Pliny Cowdery (3 October 1806 – 3 March 1850) was the primary participant with Joseph Smith, Jr. in the formative period of the Latter Day Saint movement from 1829 through 1836. He was one of the Three Witnesses of the Book of Mormon's...
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| x Sarah |
|
Judaism |
Sarah (Hebrew: שָׂרָה, Modern Sara Tiberian Śārāh) is the wife of Abraham as described in the Hebrew Bible and the Quran. Her name was originally Sarai. According to Genesis 17:15 she changed her name to Sarah as part of a covenant with Yahweh after...
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| x Zalman Schachter-Shalomi |
|
Jewish Renewal |
Rabbi Zalman M. Schachter-Shalomi, b. 1924 (age 84–85) and commonly called "Reb Zalman" (pr: rǎb) is considered one of the major founders of the Jewish Renewal movement.
Born in Poland in 1924 and raised in Vienna, he was interned in detention camps...
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| x Shlomo Carlebach |
|
Jewish Renewal |
Rabbi Shlomo Carlebach (שלמה קרליבך) (known as Reb Shlomo to his followers) (January 14, 1925, Berlin—October 20, 1994, Canada) was a Jewish religious teacher, composer, and singer who was known as "The Singing Rabbi" during his lifetime. Although...
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| x Abraham Joshua Heschel |
|
Jewish Renewal |
Abraham Joshua Heschel (January 11, 1907 – December 23, 1972) was a Warsaw-born American rabbi and one of the leading Jewish theologians of the 20th century.
Abraham Joshua Heschel was descended from preeminent European rabbis on both sides of the...
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| x Zoroaster |
|
Zoroastrianism |
Zoroaster (Latinized from Greek variants) or Zarathushtra (from Avestan Zaraθuštra), also referred to as Zartosht (Persian: زرتشت), was an ancient Persian prophet and religious poet. The hymns attributed to him, the Gathas, are at the liturgical...
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| x Bobby Henderson | Church of the Flying Spaghetti Monster | ||
| x Henry VIII of England |
|
Church of England |
Henry VIII (28 June 1491 – 28 January 1547) was King of England from 21 April 1509 until his death. He was also Lord of Ireland (later King of Ireland) and claimant to the Kingdom of France. Henry was the second monarch of the House of Tudor,...
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| x Brigham Young |
|
Brigham Young (June 1, 1801 – August 29, 1877) was an American leader in the Latter Day Saint movement and a settler of the western United States. He was the president of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) from 1847 until...
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| x George Fox |
|
Religious Society of Friends |
George Fox (July 1624 – 13 January 1691) was an English Dissenter and a founder of the Religious Society of Friends, commonly known as the Quakers or Friends.
The son of a weaver from rural England, Fox was apprenticed to a cobbler. Living in a time...
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| x Margaret Fell |
|
Religious Society of Friends |
Margaret Fell or Margaret Fox (1614 - April 23, 1702) was one of the founding members of the Religious Society of Friends, and was popularly known as the "mother of Quakerism". She is considered one of the Valiant Sixty, early Quaker preachers and...
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| x Robert Barclay |
|
Religious Society of Friends |
Robert Barclay (December 23, 1648 – October 3, 1690), one of the most eminent writers belonging to the Religious Society of Friends and a member of the Clan Barclay. He was also governor of the East Jersey colony in North America through most of the...
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| x Aleister Crowley |
|
Thelema |
Aleister Crowley, born Edward Alexander Crowley was a British occultist, writer and mystic. He is perhaps best known today for his occult writings, especially The Book of the Law, the central sacred text of Thelema. Crowley was also an influential...
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| x Simon Magus |
|
Gnosticism |
Simon Magus (Greek Σίμων ὁ μάγος), also known as Simon the Sorcerer and Simon of Gitta, was a Samaritan proto-Gnostic and traditional founder of the Simonians in the first century A.D. He appeared prominently in several apocryphal and heresiological...
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| x Basilides | Gnosticism |
Basilides (early 2nd century) was an early Christian religious teacher in Alexandria, Egypt. He apparently wrote twenty-four books on the Gospel and promoted a dualism influenced by Zoroastrianism. His followers formed a Gnostic sect, the...
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| x Valentinus | Gnosticism |
Valentinus (also spelled Valentius) (c.100 - c.160) was the best known and for a time most successful early Christian gnostic theologian. He founded his school in Rome. According to Tertullian, Valentinus was a candidate for bishop but started his...
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| x Laozi |
|
Taoism |
Laozi (Chinese: 老子; pinyin: Lǎozǐ; Wade-Giles: Laosi; also Lao Tse, Lao Tu, Lao-Tzu, Laotze, Lao Zi, Laocius, and other variations) was a philosopher of ancient China and is a central figure in Taoism (also spelled "Daoism"). Laozi literally means ...
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| x Zhuangzi |
|
Taoism |
Zhuangzi (traditional Chinese: 莊子; simplified Chinese: 庄子; pinyin: Zhuāng Zǐ; Wade-Giles: Chuang Tzŭ) was an influential Chinese philosopher who lived around the 4th century BCE during the Warring States Period, corresponding to the Hundred Schools...
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| x L. Ron Hubbard |
|
Scientology |
Lafayette Ronald Hubbard (March 13, 1911 – January 24, 1986) was an American science fiction author who developed a self-help system called Dianetics, which was first published in 1950. Over the next three decades, Hubbard developed his self-help...
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| x Nagarjuna |
|
Madhyamaka |
Acharya Nāgārjuna (Telugu: నాగార్జున, Tibetan: klu sgrub) (c. 150 - 250 CE) was an Indian philosopher and the founder of the Madhyamaka school of Mahāyāna Buddhism.
His writings are the basis for the formation of the Madhyamaka school, which was...
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| x Abu Hanifa an-Nu‘man |
|
Hanafi |
Nuʿmān ibn Thābit ibn Zuṭā ibn Marzubān (Arabic: نعمان بن ثابت بن زوطا بن مرزبان), known as Abū Ḥanīfah, (Arabic: أبو حنيفة) (699 — 765 CE / 80 — 148 AH) was the founder of the Sunni Hanafi school of fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence).
Abu Hanifa was...
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| x Malaclypse the Younger | Discordianism |
Malaclypse the Younger (short Mal-2) was a pen name used by Gregory Hill in writing the Principia Discordia. He was also adapted as a character in The Illuminatus! Trilogy. Hill was a comrade of Kerry Wendell Thornley (aka Lord Omar Khayyam...
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| x Kerry Thornley |
|
Discordianism |
Kerry Wendell Thornley (April 17, 1938 - November 28, 1998) is perhaps best-known as the co-founder (along with childhood friend Greg Hill) of Discordianism, in which context he is usually known as Omar Khayyam Ravenhurst or simply Lord Omar. He and...
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| x Gregory Hill | Discordianism |
Greg Hill (21 May 1941 ￢ﾀﾓ 20 July 2000), also known as Gregory Hill, Malaclypse the Younger, Mal-2, wrote the Principia Discordia with Kerry Thornley (also known as Omar Ravenhurst).
According to a Usenet post, he died of cancer on July 20 2000...
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| x Daisaku Ikeda | Soka Gakkai International |
Daisaku Ikeda GBE (池田大作 いけだ だいさく, Ikeda Daisaku, January 2, 1928-) is president of Soka Gakkai International (SGI), a Buddhist association which claims 12 million members in 192 countries and territories, and founder of several educational, cultural...
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| x Xuanzang |
|
Dharma character school |
Xuanzang (Chinese: 玄奘; pinyin: Xuán Zàng; Wade-Giles: Hsüan-tsang, pronounced Shwan-dzang) [602 ? - 664] was a famous Chinese Buddhist monk, scholar, traveler, and translator that brought up the interaction between China and India in the early Tang...
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| x Yunmen Wenyan |
|
Yúnmén Wényǎn (862 or 864-949 CE), (雲門文偃; Japanese: Ummon Bun'en; he is also variously known in English as "Unmon", "Ummon Daishi", "Ummon Zenji"), was a major Chinese Zen master in Tang-era China. He founded one of the five major schools of Chan ...
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| x Kukai |
|
Shingon Buddhism |
Kūkai (空海), also known posthumously as Kōbō-Daishi (弘法大師), 774–835, was a Japanese monk, scholar, poet, and artist, founder of the Shingon or "True Word" school of Buddhism. Shingon followers usually refer to him by the honorific titles of...
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| x Anton LaVey |
|
Satanism |
Anton Szandor LaVey, (April 11, 1930 – October 29, 1997) born Howard Stanton Levey, was the American founder and High Priest of the Church of Satan as well as a writer, occultist, and musician. He was the author of The Satanic Bible and the founder...
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| LaVeyan Satanism | |||
| x G. I. Gurdjieff |
|
The Fourth Way |
George Ivanovich Gurdjieff (Armenian: Գեորգի Գյուրջիև, Greek: Γιώργος Γεωργιάδης, Russian: Георгий Иванович Гюрджиев) (or Gurdjiev); January 13, 1866? – October 29, 1949), was a Greek-Armenian mystic and spiritual teacher. He introduced the idea of...
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| x Wulf Zendik | Zendik farm |
Wulf Zendik (born Lawrence E. Wulfing) October 7, 1920 – June 12, 1999 was an American novelist, philosopher, musician and community founder. He founded the Zendik Farm near Hemmitt, California in 1969 with his partner, Arol Zendik.
Zendik died at...
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| x Charles Wesley |
|
United Methodist Church |
Charles Wesley (18 December 1707 – 29 March 1788) was a leader of the Methodist movement, son of Anglican clergyman and poet Samuel Wesley, the younger brother of Anglican clergyman John Wesley and Anglican clergyman Samuel Wesley (the Younger), and...
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| x John Wesley |
|
United Methodist Church |
John Wesley (pronounced /ˈwɛslɪ/) (28 June [O.S. 17 June] 1703 – 2 March 1791) was an Anglican cleric and Christian theologian. Wesley is largely credited, along with his brother Charles Wesley, with founding the Methodist movement which began when...
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