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x Million years ago (Ma) x Million years ago (Ma) x +/- (Ma)
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x Pleistocene The maximum extent of glacial ice in the north polar area during Pleistocene time 0.012 Ma
The Pleistocene ( /ˈplaɪstəsiːn/) (symbol PS) is the geological epoch which lasted from about 2,588,000 to 11,700 years ago, spanning the world's recent period of repeated glaciations. The name Pleistocene is derived from the Greek πλεῖστος ...
2.588 Ma  
x Triassic Triassic sandstone near Stadtroda, Germany. 199 Ma
The Triassic is a geologic period and system that extends from about 250 to 200 Ma (million years ago). It is the first period of the Mesozoic Era, and lies between the Permian and Jurassic periods. Both the start and end of the period are marked by...
251 Ma  
x Tertiary   2.588 Ma
Tertiary is an officially deprecated but still widely used term for a geologic period from 65 million to 2.6 million years ago, a time span that lies between the superseded Secondary period and the Quaternary. The period began with the demise of the...
65 Ma  
x Paleocene Gastornis 55.8 Ma
The Paleocene (symbol Pε) or Palaeocene, the "early recent", is a geologic epoch that lasted from about 65.5 to 56 million years ago (65.5±0.3 to 55.8±0.2 Ma). It is the first epoch of the Palaeogene Period in the modern Cenozoic Era. As with most...
65.5 Ma 0.3 Ma
x Miocene grafika:miocen 5.33 Ma
The Miocene (symbol MI) is a geological epoch of the Neogene Period and extends from about 23.03 to 5.332 million years ago (Ma). The Miocene was named by Sir Charles Lyell. Its name comes from the Greek words μείων (meiōn, “less”) and καινός ...
23.03 Ma  
x Paleogene Especial importancia tuvieron los mesohippus (caballos). 23.03 Ma
The Paleogene (alternatively British English Palaeogene or Palæogene, informally Lower Tertiary) is a geologic period and system that began 65.5 ± 0.3 and ended 23.03 ± 0.05 million years ago and comprises the first part of the Cenozoic Era. Lasting...
65.5 Ma 0.3 Ma
x Devonian Ductina vietnamica 359.2 Ma
The Devonian is a geologic period and system of the Paleozoic Era spanning from the end of the Silurian Period, about 416.0 ± 2.8 Mya (million years ago), to the beginning of the Carboniferous Period, about 359.2 ± 2.5 Mya (ICS, 2004). It is named...
416 Ma  
x Late Cretaceous US cretaceous general 65.5 Ma
The Late Cretaceous (99.6–65.5 Ma) is the younger of two epochs into which the Cretaceous period is divided in the geologic timescale. Rock strata from this epoch form the Upper Cretaceous series. The Cretaceous is named after the white limestone...
99.6 Ma  
x Ordovician Artist impression of the Ordovician Sea 443.7 Ma
The Ordovician ( /ɔrdəˈvɪʃən/) is a geologic period and system, the second of six of the Paleozoic Era, and covers the time between 488.3±1.7 to 443.7±1.5 million years ago (ICS, 2004). It follows the Cambrian Period and is followed by the Silurian...
488.3 Ma 1.7 Ma
x Eocene Mesonyx 33.9 Ma
The Eocene (symbol EO) Epoch, lasting from about 56 to 34 million years ago (55.8±0.2 to 33.9±0.1 Ma), is a major division of the geologic timescale and the second epoch of the Paleogene Period in the Cenozoic Era. The Eocene spans the time from the...
55.8 Ma 0.2 Ma
x Mesozoic Mezozoikumi bálnaszerű tengeri hüllő, ichthyoszaurusz csontváza 65 Ma
The Mesozoic Era is an interval of geological time from about 250 million years ago to about 65 million years ago. It is often referred to as the Age of Reptiles because reptiles, namely dinosaurs, were the dominant terrestrial and marine...
251 Ma  
x Cretaceous US cretaceous general 65.5 Ma
The Cretaceous ( /krɪˈteɪʃəs/, kri-TEY-shuhs), derived from the Latin "creta" (chalk), usually abbreviated K for its German translation Kreide (chalk), is a geologic period and system from circa 145.5 ± 4 to 65.5 ± 0.3 million years (Ma) ago. In the...
145.5 Ma 4 Ma
x Pliocene Oliva sayana 2.588 Ma
The Pliocene ( /ˈplaɪ.əsiːn/; archaically Pleiocene) Epoch (symbol PO) is the period in the geologic timescale that extends from 5.332 million to 2.588 million years before present. It is the second and youngest epoch of the Neogene Period in the...
5.332 Ma  
x Paleozoic Asaphiscuswheelerii 251 Ma
The Paleozoic Era (from the Greek palaios (παλαιός), "old" and zoe (ζωή), "life", meaning "ancient life") is the earliest of three geologic eras of the Phanerozoic Eon, spanning from roughly 542 to 251 million years ago (ICS, 2004). It is the...
542 Ma  
x Cambrian Fossil trilobite Redlichia chinensis from the Cambrian of China 488 Ma
The Cambrian is the first geological period of the Paleozoic Era, lasting from 542 ± 0.3 to 488.3 ± 1.7 million years ago (mya) (ICS, 2004); it is succeeded by the Ordovician. Its subdivisions, and indeed its base, are somewhat in flux. The period...
542 Ma 0.3 Ma
x Oligocene Mesohippus 23 Ma
The Oligocene (symbol OG) is a geologic epoch of the Paleogene Period and extends from about 34 million to 23 million years before the present (33.9±0.1 to 23.03±0.05 Ma). As with other older geologic periods, the rock beds that define the period...
33.9 Ma  
x Cenozoic Cenozoic cosmo 1894 beard 1913 -0.000055 Ma
The Cenozoic Era ( /ˌsɛnəˈzoʊ.ɨk/ or /ˌsiːnəˈzoʊ.ɨk/; also Cænozoic or Cainozoic; meaning "new life", from Greek καινός kainos "new", and ζωή zoe "life") is the current and most recent of the three Phanerozoic geological eras, following the Mesozoic...
65.5 Ma  
x Permian Edaphosaurus, a Eupelycosaurian 251 Ma
The Permian is a geologic period and system which extends from 299.0 ± 0.8 to 251.0 ± 0.4 Ma (Million years ago). It is the last period of the Paleozoic Era, following the Carboniferous Period and preceding the Triassic Period of the Mesozoic Era....
299 Ma 0.8 Ma
x Quaternary Stratigraphische Gliederung des Quartär für das nordostdeutsche Tiefland  
The Quaternary Period is the most recent of the three periods of the Cenozoic Era in the geologic time scale of the ICS. It follows the Neogene Period, spanning 2.588 ± 0.005 million years ago to the present. The relatively short period is...
2.588 Ma 0.005 Ma
x Silurian Gotland-reef hg 416 Ma
The Silurian is a geologic period and system that extends from the end of the Ordovician Period, about 443.7 ± 1.5 million years ago (mya), to the beginning of the Devonian Period, about 416.0 ± 2.8 mya (ICS, 2004). As with other geologic periods,...
443.7 Ma 1.5 Ma
x Precambrian Salah satu bentang alam bentukan masa Prakambrium 542 Ma
The Precambrian (Pre-Cambrian) is the name which describes the large span of time in Earth's history before the current Phanerozoic Eon, and is a Supereon divided into several eons of the geologic time scale. It spans from the formation of Earth...
4,500 Ma  
x Holocene VeyoVolcano -0.000055 Ma
The Holocene is a geological epoch which began at the end of the Pleistocene (around 12,000 C years ago) and continues to the present. The Holocene is part of the Quaternary period. Its name comes from the Greek words ὅλος (holos, whole or entire)...
0.012 Ma  
x Jurassic MakhteshGadolCenter02 145.5 Ma
The Jurassic is a geologic period and system that extends from about 199.6± 0.6 Mya (million years ago) to 145.5± 4 Mya, that is, from the end of the Triassic to the beginning of the Cretaceous. The Jurassic constitutes the middle period of the...
199.6 Ma 0.6 Ma
x Barremian Amargasaurus mounted skeleton cast in the Melbourne Museum foyer 125 Ma
The Barremian is an age in the geologic timescale (or a chronostratigraphic stage) between 130.0 ± 1.5 Ma (million years ago) and 125.0 ± 1.0 Ma). It is a subdivision of the Early Cretaceous epoch (or Lower Cretaceous series). It is preceded by the...
130 Ma 1.5 Ma
x Middle Jurassic   161 Ma
The Middle Jurassic is the second epoch of the Jurassic Period. It lasted from 176-161 million years ago. In European lithostratigraphy, rocks of this Middle Jurassic age are called the Dogger. This name in the past was also used to indicate the...
176 Ma  
x Late Jurassic Bats head from white nothe 145.5 Ma
The Late Jurassic is the third epoch of the Jurassic Period, and it spans the geologic time from 161.2 ± 4.0 to 145.5 ± 4.0 million years ago (Ma), which is preserved in Upper Jurassic strata. In European lithostratigraphy, the name "Malm" indicates...
161.2 Ma 4 Ma
x Mississippian LateCarboniferousGlobal 318 Ma
The Mississippian is a subperiod in the geologic timescale or a subsystem of the geologic record. It is the earliest/lowermost of two subperiods of the Carboniferous period lasting from roughly 359 to 318 Ma (million years ago). As with most other...
359 Ma  
x Early Jurassic The Three Patriarchs in Zion Canyon 175.6 Ma
The Early Jurassic epoch (in chronostratigraphy corresponding to the Lower Jurassic series) is the earliest of three epochs of the Jurassic period. The Early Jurassic starts immediately after the Triassic-Jurassic extinction event, 199.6 Ma (million...
199.6 Ma  
x Early Pleistocene   0.781 Ma
The Early Pleistocene (also known as the Lower Pleistocene) is a subepoch in the international geologic timescale or a subseries in chronostratigraphy, being the earliest or lowest subdivision of the Quaternary period/system and Pleistocene epoch...
2.588 Ma 0.005 Ma
x Priabonian   33.9 Ma
The Priabonian is, in the ICS's geologic timescale, the latest age or the upper stage of the Eocene epoch or series. It spans the time between 37.2±0.1 and 33.9±0.1 Ma. The Priabonian is preceded by the Bartonian and is followed by the Rupelian, the...
37.2 Ma 0.1 Ma
x Bartonian   37.2 Ma
The Bartonian is, in the ICS's geological timescale, a stage or age in the middle Eocene epoch or series. The Bartonian age spans the time between 40.4±0.2 and 37.2±0.2 Ma. It is preceded by the Lutetian and is followed by the Priabonian age. The...
40.4 Ma 0.2 Ma
x Lutetian   40.4 Ma
The Lutetian is, in the geologic timescale, a stage or age in the Eocene. It spans the time between 48.6±0.2 and 40.4±0.2 Ma. The Lutetian is preceded by the Ypresian and is followed by the Bartonian. Together with the Bartonian it is sometimes...
48.6 Ma 0.2 Ma
x Ypresian   48.6 Ma
In the geologic timescale the Ypresian is the oldest age or lowest stratigraphic stage of the Eocene. It spans the time between 55.8±0.2 and 48.6±0.2 Ma, is preceded by the Thanetian age (part of the Paleocene) and is followed by the Eocene Lutetian...
55.8 Ma 0.2 Ma
x Aquitanian   20.43 Ma
The Aquitanian is, in the ICS' geologic timescale, the oldest age or lowest stage in the Miocene. It spans the time between 23.03 ± 0.05 Ma and 20.43 ± 0.05 Ma (million years ago) and is a dry, cooling period. The Aquitanian succeeds the Chattian ...
23.03 Ma 0.05 Ma
x Chattian   23.03 Ma
The Chattian is, in the geologic timescale, the youngest of two ages or upper of two stages of the Oligocene epoch/series. It spans the time between 28.4±0.1 and 23.03±0.05 Ma. The Chattian is preceded by the Rupelian and is followed by the...
28.4 Ma 0.1 Ma
x Rupelian   28.4 Ma
The Rupelian is, in the geologic timescale, the older of two ages or the lower of two stages of the Oligocene epoch/series. It spans the time between 33.9±0.1 and 28.4±0.1 Ma. It is preceded by the Priabonian stage (part of the Eocene) and is...
33.9 Ma 0.1 Ma
x Thanetian   55.8 Ma
The Thanetian is, in the ICS' Geologic timescale, the latest age or uppermost stratigraphic stage of the Paleocene Epoch or series. It spans the time between 58.7±0.2 and 55.8±0.2 Ma. The Thanetian is preceded by the Selandian age and followed by...
58.7 Ma 0.2 Ma
x Selandian   58.7 Ma
The Selandian is in the geologic timescale an age or stage in the Paleocene. It spans the time between 61.7±0.2 and 58.7±0.2 Ma. It is preceded by the Danian and followed by the Thanetian. Sometimes the Paleocene is subdivided in subepochs, in which...
61.7 Ma 0.2 Ma
x Danian   61.7 Ma
The Danian is the oldest age or lowermost stage of the Paleocene epoch or series, the Paleogene period or system and the Cenozoic era or erathem. The beginning of the Danian age (and the end of the precessing Maastrichtian age) is at the Cretaceous...
65.5 Ma 0.3 Ma
x Maastrichtian Hell Creek 65.5 Ma
The Maastrichtian is, in the ICS' geologic timescale, the latest age or upper stage of the Late Cretaceous epoch or Upper Cretaceous series, the Cretaceous period or system, and of the Mesozoic era or erathem. It spanned from 70.6 ± 0.6 Ma to 65.5 ±...
70.6 Ma 0.6 Ma
x Tabenbulakian   23.03 Ma
The Tabenbulakian age is a period of geologic time (28.4—23.03 Ma) within the Oligocene epoch of the Paleogene used more specifically with Asian Land Mammal Ages. It follows the Ulangochuian age. The Tabenbulakian's lower boundary is the approximate...
28.4 Ma  
x Kekeamuan   28.4 Ma
The Kekeamuan age is a period of geologic time (33.9—28.4 Ma) within the Early Oligocene epoch of the Paleogene used more specifically with Asian Land Mammal Ages. It follows the Houldjinian and precedes the Hsandagolian age. The Kekeamuan's upper...
33.9 Ma  
x Geringian   26.3 Ma
The Geringian North American Stage on the geologic timescale is the North American faunal stage according to the North American Land Mammal Ages chronology (NALMA), typically set from 30,800,000 to 26,300,000 years BP, a period of 4.5 million years....
30.8 Ma  
x Orellan   33.3 Ma
The Orellan North American Stage on the geologic timescale is the North American faunal stage according to the North American Land Mammal Ages chronology (NALMA), typically set from 33,900,000 to 33,300,000 years BP, a period of 0.6 million years....
33.9 Ma  
x Torrejonian   60.2 Ma
The Torrejonian North American Stage on the geologic timescale is the North American faunal stage according to the North American Land Mammal Ages chronology (NALMA), typically set from 63,300,000 to 60,200,000 years BP lasting 3.1 million years. It...
63.3 Ma  
x Tiffanian   56.8 Ma
The Tiffanian North American Stage on the geologic timescale is the North American faunal stage according to the North American Land Mammal Ages chronology (NALMA), typically set from 60,200,000 to 56,800,000 years BP lasting 3.4 million years. It...
60.2 Ma  
x Rancholabrean   0.01143 Ma
The Rancholabrean North American Stage on the geologic timescale is the North American faunal stage according to the North American Land Mammal Ages chronology (NALMA), typically set from less than 240,000 years to 11,000 years BP, a period of 0.289...
0.3 Ma 0.00013 Ma
x Irvingtonian   0.3 Ma
The Irvingtonian North American Stage on the geologic timescale is the North American faunal stage according to the North American Land Mammal Ages chronology (NALMA), typically set from 1,800,000 to 300,000 years BP, a period of 1.5 million years....
1.806 Ma  
x Blancan   1.806 Ma
The Blancan North American Stage on the geologic timescale is the North American faunal stage according to the North American Land Mammal Ages chronology (NALMA), typically set from 4,750,000 to 1,808,000 years BP, a period of 2.942 million years.....
4.75 Ma  
x Hemphillian   4.75 Ma
The Hemphillian North American Stage on the geologic timescale is the North American faunal stage according to the North American Land Mammal Ages chronology (NALMA), typically set from 10,300,000 to 4,900,000 years BP, a period of 5.4 million years...
9 Ma  
x Clarendonian   10.3 Ma
The Clarendonian North American Stage on the geologic timescale is the North American faunal stage according to the North American Land Mammal Ages chronology (NALMA), typically set from 13,600,000 to 10,300,000 years BP, a period of 3.3 million...
13.6 Ma  
x Barstovian Rainbow Basin 11.8 Ma
The Barstovian North American Stage on the geologic timescale is the North American faunal stage according to the North American Land Mammal Ages chronology (NALMA), typically set from 16,300,000 to 13,600,000 years BP, a period of 2.7 million years...
15.5 Ma  
x Hemingfordian North American Stage   15.5 Ma
The Hemingfordian North American Stage on the geologic timescale is the North American faunal stage according to the North American Land Mammal Ages chronology (NALMA), typically set from 20,600,000 to 16,300,000 years BP. It is usually considered...
19 Ma  
x Late Hemingfordian   16.3 Ma
The Late Hemingfordian North American Stage on the geologic timescale is the North American faunal stage according to the North American Land Mammal Ages chronology (NALMA), typically set from 20,430,000 to 16,300,000 years BP, a period of 4.1...
20.43 Ma  
x Arikareean   19 Ma
The Arikareean North American Stage on the geologic timescale is the North American faunal stage according to the North American Land Mammal Ages chronology (NALMA), typically set from 30,600,000 to 20,800,000 years BP, a period of 9.8 million years...
30.5 Ma  
x Whitneyan   30.8 Ma
The Whitneyan North American Stage on the geologic timescale is the North American faunal stage according to the North American Land Mammal Ages chronology (NALMA), typically set from 33,300,000 to 30,800,000 years BP, a period of 2.5 million years....
33.3 Ma  
x Chadronian   33.5 Ma
The Chadronian age within the North American Land Mammal Ages chronology is the North American faunal stage typically set from 38,000,000 to 33,900,000 years BP, a period of 4.1 million years. It is usually considered to fall within the Eocene epoch...
37 Ma  
x Duchesnean   37 Ma
The Duchesnean North American Stage on the geologic timescale is a North American Land Mammal Age (NALMA), with an age from 42 to 38 million years BP, representing 4 million years. It falls within the Eocene epoch. The Duchesnean is preceded by the...
40 Ma  
x Uintan   42 Ma
The Uintan North American Stage on the geologic timescale is the North American faunal stage according to the North American Land Mammal Ages chronology (NALMA), typically set from 46,200,000 to 42,000,000 years BP lasting 4.2 million years. It is...
46.2 Ma  
x Bridgerian North American Stage   45.4 Ma
The Bridgerian North American Stage on the geologic timescale is the North American faunal stage according to the North American Land Mammal Ages chronology (NALMA), typically set from 50,300,000 to 46,200,000 years BP lasting 4.1 million years. It...
50.5 Ma  
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