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1,265 Philosopher topics matching:
Filter this Collection| x name | x image | x Era | x Interests | x Schools of Thought | x article |
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| x Erwin Schrödinger |
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Erwin Rudolf Josef Alexander Schrödinger ( /ˈʃroʊdɪŋər/; German: [ˈɛʁviːn ˈʃʁøːdɪŋɐ]; 12 August 1887 – 4 January 1961) was an Austrian born physicist and theoretical biologist who was one of the fathers of quantum mechanics, and is famed for a...
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| x Walter Benjamin |
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20th-century philosophy | Aesthetics | Frankfurt School |
Walter Bendix Schönflies Benjamin (German pronunciation: [ˈvaltɐ ˈbɛnjamiːn]; 15 July 1892 – 26 September 1940) was a German-Jewish literary critic, philosopher, social critic, translator, radio broadcaster and essayist. Combining elements of German...
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| Epistemology | Western Marxism | ||||
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| x Socrates |
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Epistemology |
Socrates ( /ˈsɒkrətiːz/; Greek: Σωκράτης, Ancient Greek pronunciation: [sɔːkrátɛːs], Sōkrátēs; c. 469 BC – 399 BC) was a classical Greek Athenian philosopher. Credited as one of the founders of Western philosophy, he is an enigmatic figure known...
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| x Plato |
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Epistemology |
Plato ( /ˈpleɪtoʊ/; Greek: Πλάτων, Plátōn, "broad"; 424/423 BC – 348/347 BC) was a Classical Greek philosopher, mathematician, student of Socrates, writer of philosophical dialogues, and founder of the Academy in Athens, the first institution of...
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| x Richard Price |
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Richard Price (23 February 1723 – 19 April 1791) was a Welsh moral philosopher and preacher in the tradition of English Dissenters, and a political pamphleteer, active in radical, republican, and liberal causes such as the American Revolution. He...
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| x Charles Peirce |
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Pragmatism |
Charles Sanders Peirce ( /ˈpɜrs/ like "purse"; September 10, 1839 – April 19, 1914) was an American philosopher, logician, mathematician, and scientist, born at 3 Phillips Place in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Peirce was educated as a chemist and...
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| x John Locke |
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Epistemology |
John Locke FRS ( /ˈlɒk/; 29 August 1632 – 28 October 1704), widely known as the Father of Classical Liberalism, was an English philosopher and physician regarded as one of the most influential of Enlightenment thinkers. Considered one of the first...
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| x David Hume | Age of Enlightenment | Aesthetics |
David Hume (7 May [O.S. 26 April] 1711 – 25 August 1776) was a Scottish philosopher, historian, economist, and essayist, known especially for his philosophical empiricism and skepticism. He was one of the most important figures in the history of...
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| x Derek Parfit |
Derek Parfit (born December 11, 1942; China) is a British philosopher who specializes in problems of personal identity, rationality and ethics, and the relations between them. His 1984 book Reasons and Persons (described by Alan Ryan in The Sunday...
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| x Daniel Dennett |
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20th-century philosophy | Philosophy of science |
Daniel Clement Dennett (born March 28, 1942) is an American philosopher, writer and cognitive scientist whose research centers on the philosophy of mind, philosophy of science and philosophy of biology, particularly as those fields relate to...
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| Contemporary philosophy | Philosophy of mind | ||||
| x Gianni Vattimo |
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20th-century philosophy | Hermeneutics | Theoretical philosophy |
Gianteresio Vattimo, also known as Gianni Vattimo (born January 4, 1936) is an internationally recognized Italian author, philosopher, and politician. Many of his works have been translated into English.
Vattimo was born in Turin, Piedmont. He...
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| x Hans-Georg Gadamer |
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20th-century philosophy | Hermeneutics |
Hans-Georg Gadamer (German pronunciation: [ˈɡaːdamɐ]; February 11, 1900 – March 13, 2002) was a German philosopher of the continental tradition, best known for his 1960 magnum opus, Truth and Method (Wahrheit und Methode).
Gadamer was born in...
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| x Bertrand Russell |
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20th-century philosophy | Epistemology | Analytic philosophy |
Bertrand Russell is an actor.
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| x Noam Chomsky |
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20th-century philosophy | Ethics | Analytic philosophy |
Noam Chomsky is a widely known intellectual, political activist, and critic of the foreign policy of the United States and other governments. Noam Chomsky describes himself as a libertarian socialist, a sympathizer of anarcho-syndicalism and is...
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| Contemporary philosophy | Linguistics | ||||
| Philosophy of language | |||||
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| x Claude Lévi-Strauss |
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20th-century philosophy | Anthropology | Structuralism |
Claude Lévi-Strauss (French pronunciation: [klod levi stʁos]; (28 November 1908 – 30 October 2009) was a French anthropologist and ethnologist, and has been called, along with James George Frazer, the "father of modern anthropology".
He argued that...
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| x William James |
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20th-century philosophy | Epistemology | Pragmatism |
William James (January 11, 1842 – August 26, 1910) was a pioneering American psychologist and philosopher who was trained as a physician. He wrote influential books on the young science of psychology, educational psychology, psychology of religious...
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| x John Dewey |
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20th-century philosophy | Epistemology | Pragmatism |
John Dewey (October 20, 1859 – June 1, 1952) was an American philosopher, psychologist and educational reformer whose ideas have been influential in education and social reform. Dewey was an important early developer of the philosophy of pragmatism...
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| x Aristotle |
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Aesthetics |
Aristotle (Greek: Ἀριστοτέλης, Aristotélēs) (384 BC – 322 BC) was a Greek philosopher and polymath, a student of Plato and teacher of Alexander the Great. His writings cover many subjects, including physics, metaphysics, poetry, theater, music,...
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| x Seneca the Younger |
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Stoicism |
Lucius Annaeus Seneca (often known simply as Seneca; ca. 4 BC – 65 AD) was a Roman Stoic philosopher, statesman, dramatist, and in one work humorist, of the Silver Age of Latin literature. He was tutor and later advisor to emperor Nero. While he was...
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| x Zeno of Citium |
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Ethics | Stoicism |
Zeno of Citium (Greek: Ζήνων ὁ Κιτιεύς, Zēnōn ho Kitiéŭs;, c. 334 BC – c. 262 BC) was a Greek language philosopher of Phoenician origin from Citium (Greek: Κίτιον). Zeno was the founder of the Stoic school of philosophy, which he taught in Athens...
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| x Marcus Aurelius |
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Stoicism |
Marcus Aurelius (Latin: Marcus Aurelius Antoninus Augustus; 26 April 121 – 17 March 180 AD), was Roman Emperor from 161 to 180 AD. He ruled with Lucius Verus as co-emperor from 161 until Verus' death in 169. He was the last of the "Five Good...
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| x Posidonius |
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Mathematics | Stoicism |
Posidonius (Greek: Ποσειδώνιος / Poseidonios, meaning "of Poseidon") "of Apameia" (ὁ Ἀπαμεύς) or "of Rhodes" (ὁ Ῥόδιος) (ca. 135 BCE - 51 BCE), was a Greek Stoic philosopher, politician, astronomer, geographer, historian and teacher native to...
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| x Epictetus |
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Ethics | Stoicism |
Epic (Greek: Ἐπίκτητος; AD 55 – AD 135) was a Greek sage and Stoic philosopher. He was born a slave at Hierapolis, Phrygia (present day Pamukkale, Turkey), and lived in Rome until banishment when he went to Nicopolis in northwestern Greece where he...
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| x Panaetius |
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Ethics | Stoicism |
Panaetius (Greek: Παναίτιος; c. 185 - c. 110/09 BC) of Rhodes was a Stoic philosopher. He was a pupil of Diogenes of Babylon and Antipater of Tarsus in Athens, before moving to Rome where he did much to introduce Stoic doctrines to the city. After...
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| x Antipater of Tarsus | Stoicism |
Antipater (Greek: Ἀντίπατρος; died 130/129 BCE) of Tarsus was a Stoic philosopher. He was the pupil and successor of Diogenes of Babylon as leader of the Stoic school, and was the teacher of Panaetius. He wrote works on the gods and on divination,...
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| x Cato the Younger |
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Stoicism |
Marcus Porcius Cato Uticensis (95 BC, Rome – April 46 BC, Utica), commonly known as Cato the Younger (Cato Minor) to distinguish him from his great-grandfather (Cato the Elder), was a politician and statesman in the late Roman Republic, and a...
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| x Mark Turner | Aesthetics |
Mark Turner (born 1954) is a cognitive scientist, linguist, and author. He is Institute Professor and Professor of Cognitive Science at Case Western Reserve University. Previously, he served as Distinguished University Professor at the University of...
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| x Friedrich Nietzsche |
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Aesthetics |
Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche ( /ˈniːtʃə/;German pronunciation: [ˈfʁiːdʁɪç ˈvɪlhɛlm ˈniːtsʃə]; October 15, 1844 – August 25, 1900) was a German philosopher, poet, composer and classical philologist. He wrote critical texts on religion, morality,...
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| Psychology | |||||
| x Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel |
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Aesthetics |
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (German pronunciation: [ˈɡeɔɐ̯k ˈvɪlhɛlm ˈfʁiːdʁɪç ˈheːɡəl]) (August 27, 1770 – November 14, 1831) was a German philosopher, one of the creators of German Idealism. His historicist and idealist account of reality as a...
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| Logic | |||||
| Political philosophy | |||||
| x Jacques Lacan |
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20th-century philosophy | Aesthetics |
Jacques Marie Émile Lacan (French pronunciation: [ʒak lakɑ̃]; April 13, 1901 – September 9, 1981) was a French psychoanalyst and psychiatrist who made prominent contributions to psychoanalysis and philosophy, and has been called "the most...
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| x Denis Dutton | Aesthetics |
Denis Laurence Dutton (9 February 1944 – 28 December 2010) was a philosopher of art, web entrepreneur and media activist. He was a professor of philosophy at the University of Canterbury in Christchurch, New Zealand. He was also a co-founder and co...
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| x Immanuel Kant |
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Age of Enlightenment | Aesthetics |
Immanuel Kant (German pronunciation: [ɪˈmaːnu̯eːl ˈkant]; 22 April 1724 – 12 February 1804) was a German philosopher from Königsberg (today Kaliningrad of Russia), researching, lecturing and writing on philosophy and anthropology at the end of the...
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| Epistemology | |||||
| Ethics | |||||
| Metaphysics | |||||
| Logic | |||||
| x Benedetto Croce |
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20th-century philosophy | Aesthetics |
Benedetto Croce (Italian pronunciation: [beneˈdetto ˈkroːtʃe]; February 25, 1866 – November 20, 1952) was an Italian idealist philosopher, and occasionally also politician. He wrote on numerous topics, including philosophy, history, methodology of...
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| x Theodor W. Adorno |
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20th-century philosophy | Aesthetics | Frankfurt School |
Theodor W. Adorno (September 11, 1903 – August 6, 1969) was a German sociologist, philosopher and musicologist known for his critical theory of society.
He was a leading member of the Frankfurt School of critical theory, whose work has come to be...
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| Sociology | |||||
| x Alexander Gottlieb Baumgarten |
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Age of Enlightenment | Aesthetics |
Alexander Gottlieb Baumgarten (July 17, 1714 – May 26, 1762) was a German philosopher.
Baumgarten was born in Berlin as the fifth of seven sons of the pietist pastor of the garrison, Jacob Baumgarten and his wife Rosina Elisabeth. Both his parents...
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| x Søren Kierkegaard |
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Aesthetics |
Søren Aabye Kierkegaard (English pronunciation: /ˈsɔrən ˈkɪərkəɡɑrd/ or /ˈkɪərkəɡɔr/; Danish: [ˈsɶːɐn ˈkiɐ̯ɡəɡɒːˀ] ( listen)) (5 May 1813 – 11 November 1855) was a Danish philosopher, theologian and religious author. He was a critic of idealist...
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| Epistemology | |||||
| Ethics | |||||
| Metaphysics | |||||
| Psychology | |||||
| x Arthur Schopenhauer |
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Aesthetics |
Arthur Schopenhauer (22 February 1788 – 21 September 1860) was a German philosopher known for his pessimism and philosophical clarity. At age 25, he published his doctoral dissertation, On the Fourfold Root of the Principle of Sufficient Reason,...
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| Metaphysics | |||||
| Psychology | |||||
| Ethics | |||||
| x Jean-François Lyotard |
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20th-century philosophy | Aesthetics |
Jean-François Lyotard (French pronunciation: [ʒɑ̃ fʁɑ̃swa ljɔˈtaʁ]; 10 August 1924– 21 April 1998) was a French philosopher and literary theorist. He is well known for his articulation of postmodernism after the late 1970s and the analysis of the...
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| x Johann Christoph Friedrich von Schiller |
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Aesthetics |
Johann Christoph Friedrich von Schiller [ˈjoːhan ˈkʁɪstɔf ˈfʁiːdʁɪç fɔn ˈʃɪlɐ] (10 November 1759 – 9 May 1805) was a German poet, philosopher, historian, and playwright. During the last seventeen years of his life (1788–1805), Schiller struck up a...
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| x Brian Boyd | Aesthetics |
Brian Boyd (b.1952 in Belfast, Northern Ireland) is known primarily as an expert on the life and works of author Vladimir Nabokov and on literature and evolution. He is University Distinguished Professor in the Department of English at the...
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| x Ferdinand de Saussure |
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Semiotics | Structuralism |
Ferdinand de Saussure (/sɔːˈsʊr/ or /soʊˈsʊr/; French pronunciation: [fɛʁdinɑ̃ də sosyʁ]; 26 November 1857 – 22 February 1913) was a Swiss linguist whose ideas laid a foundation for many significant developments in linguistics in the 20th century....
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| Linguistics | |||||
| x Adriana Cavarero | Contemporary philosophy | Political philosophy |
Adriana Cavarero (born 1947 in Bra, Italy) is an Italian philosopher and feminist thinker. She holds the title of Professor of Political Philosophy at the Università degli studi di Verona. She has also held visiting appointments at the University of...
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| x Luong Kim Dinh | 20th-century philosophy |
Lương Kim Định (15 June 1914 - 25 March 1997) was a Vietnamese catholic priest, scholar and philosopher.
Born in Nam Dinh, Vietnam. Catholic priest ordained in 1943, Philosophy graduate of the Seminary of Saint Albert le Grand, professor of...
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| x Ivo Urbančič | Contemporary philosophy | Ontology |
Ivo Urbančič (born 12 November 1930) is a Slovenian philosopher. He is considered to be one of the fathers of the phenomenological school in Slovenia. His role in the development of the philosophical thought is comparable to the one of Mihailo Đurić...
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| 20th-century philosophy | Ethics | ||||
| x Paolo Virno | 20th-century philosophy | Political philosophy |
Paolo Virno (born 1952) is an Italian philosopher, semiologist and a figurehead for the Italian Marxist movement. Implicated in belonging to illegal social movements during the 1960s and 1970s, Virno was arrested and jailed in 1979, accused of...
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| x Mary Geach | 20th-century philosophy |
Mary C. Geach Mary Geach is the daughter of Peter Geach and G.E.M. Anscombe.
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| x Alexander Tarasov |
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20th-century philosophy | Politics |
Alexander Nikolaevich Tarasov (Russian: Алекса́ндр Никола́евич Тарасо́в, born March 8, 1958 in Moscow) is a Russian Post-Marxist theoretician, sociologist and historian. Tarasov was a left-wing political dissident in the Soviet Union.
In the...
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| x Albert Camus |
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20th-century philosophy | Ethics |
Albert Camus (French pronunciation: [albɛʁ kamy] ( listen); 7 November 1913 – 4 January 1960) was a French author, journalist, and philosopher of the 20th century. In 1949, Camus founded the Group for International Liaisons within the Revolutionary...
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| Politics | |||||
| x Anaximander |
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Pre-Socratic philosophy | Metaphysics |
Anaximander ( /əˌnæksɨˈmændər/; Greek: Ἀναξίμανδρος, Anaximandros; c. 610 – c. 546 BC) was a pre-Socratic Greek philosopher who lived in Miletus, a city of Ionia; Milet in modern Turkey. He belonged to the Milesian school and learned the teachings...
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| x Adam Smith |
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Ethics |
Adam Smith (baptised 16 June 1723 – 17 July 1790 [OS: 5 June 1723 – 17 July 1790]) was a Scottish social philosopher and a pioneer of political economy. One of the key figures of the Scottish Enlightenment, Smith is the author of The Principles...
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| Political philosophy | |||||
| x Archimedes |
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Mathematics |
Archimedes of Syracuse (Greek: Ἀρχιμήδης; c. 287 BC – c. 212 BC) was a Greek mathematician, physicist, engineer, inventor, and astronomer. Although few details of his life are known, he is regarded as one of the leading scientists in classical...
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| x A.J. Ayer |
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20th-century philosophy | Epistemology |
Sir Alfred Jules "Freddie" Ayer /ɛər/ (29 October 1910 – 27 June 1989) was a British philosopher known for his promotion of logical positivism, particularly in his books Language, Truth, and Logic (1936) and The Problem of Knowledge (1956).
Ayer...
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| Ethics | |||||
| Philosophy of science | |||||
| Philosophy of language | |||||
| x Augustine of Hippo |
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Augustine of Hippo ( /ɒˈɡʌstɨn/ or /ˈɔːɡəstɪn/; Latin: Aurelius Augustinus Hipponensis; November 13, 354 – August 28, 430), also known as Augustine, St. Augustine, St. Austin, St. Augoustinos, Blessed Augustine, or St. Augustine the Blessed, was...
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| x Adam Weishaupt |
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Age of Enlightenment | Epistemology |
Johann Adam Weishaupt (6 February 1748 in Ingolstadt – 18 November 1830 in Gotha) was a German philosopher and founder of the Order of Illuminati, a secret society with origins in Bavaria.
Adam Weishaupt was born on 6 February 1748 in Ingolstadt in...
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| Ethics | |||||
| Metaphysics | |||||
| x Anselm of Canterbury |
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Metaphysics |
Anselm of Canterbury (Aosta c. 1033 – Canterbury 21 April 1109), also called of Aosta for his birthplace, and of Bec for his home monastery, was a Benedictine monk, a philosopher, and a prelate of the Church who held the office of Archbishop of...
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| x Baruch Spinoza |
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Epistemology |
Baruch Spinoza and later Benedict de Spinoza (November 24, 1632 – February 21, 1677) was a Dutch philosopher. Revealing considerable scientific aptitude, the breadth and importance of Spinoza's work was not fully realized until years after his death...
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| Ethics | |||||
| Metaphysics | |||||
| x Confucius |
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Ethics |
Confucius (Chinese: 孔子, pin. Kǒngzǐ, Wade K'ung-tzu, lit. "Master Kong"; 551 – 479 BC) was a Chinese politician, teacher, editor, and social philosopher of the Spring and Autumn Period of Chinese history.
The philosophy of Confucius emphasized...
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| x Democritus |
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Pre-Socratic philosophy | Mathematics |
Democritus (Greek: Δημόκριτος, Dēmokritos, "chosen of the people") (ca. 460 BC – ca. 370 BC) was an Ancient Greek philosopher born in Abdera, Thrace, Greece. He was an influential pre-Socratic philosopher and pupil of Leucippus, who formulated an...
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| Metaphysics | |||||
| x Edmund Husserl |
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20th-century philosophy | Epistemology |
Edmund Gustav Albrecht Husserl (German pronunciation: [ˈhʊsɛʁl]; April 8, 1859, Proßnitz, Moravia, Austrian Empire – April 26, 1938, Freiburg, Germany) was a philosopher and mathematician and the founder of the 20th century philosophical school of...
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| Mathematics | |||||
| x Empedocles |
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Pre-Socratic philosophy | Ontology |
Empedocles (pronounced: /ɛmˈpɛdəkliːz/; Greek: Ἐμπεδοκλῆς; Empedoklēs; Ancient Greek: [empedoklɛ̂ːs]; ca. 490–430 BC) was a Greek pre-Socratic philosopher and a citizen of Agrigentum, a Greek city in Sicily. Empedocles' philosophy is best known for...
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