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28 Philosophical Subject topics matching:
Filter this Collection| x name | x image | x Philosophers | x article |
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| x Theoretical philosophy |
The division of philosophy into a practical and a theoretical discipline has its origin in Aristotle's moral philosophy and natural philosophy categories. In Sweden, Denmark and Finland courses in theoretical and practical philosophy are taught...
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| x Aesthetics |
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Arthur Schopenhauer |
Aesthetics (also spelled æsthetics or esthetics) is commonly known as the study of sensory or sensori-emotional values, sometimes called judgments of sentiment and taste. More broadly, scholars in the field define aesthetics as "critical reflection...
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| Jean-François Lyotard | |||
| Benedetto Croce | |||
| Denis Dutton | |||
| Alexander Gottlieb Baumgarten | |||
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| x Hermeneutics |
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Gianni Vattimo |
Hermeneutics is the study of interpretation theory, and can be either the art of interpretation, or the theory and practice of interpretation. Traditional hermeneutics - which includes Biblical hermeneutics - refers to the study of the...
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| John D. Caputo | |||
| Hans Köchler | |||
| T. K. Seung | |||
| x Politics |
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Gianni Vattimo |
Politics is a process by which groups of people make decisions. The term is generally applied to behavior within civil governments, but politics has been observed in all human group interactions, including corporate, academic and religious...
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| Noam Chomsky | |||
| Alexander Tarasov | |||
| Aristotle | |||
| Albert Camus | |||
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| x Weak theology | Gianni Vattimo |
Weak theology -- in close association with postmodern a/theology -- is a school of thought within continental philosophical theology that has been heavily influenced by Jacques Derrida's style of theorizing known as deconstruction.
Weak theology...
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| x Ethics |
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Gianni Vattimo |
Ethics (also known as moral philosophy) is a branch of philosophy which seeks to address questions about morality, such as what the fundamental semantic, ontological, and epistemic nature of ethics or morality is (meta-ethics), how moral values...
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| Bertrand Russell | |||
| Noam Chomsky | |||
| Ivo Urbančič | |||
| Aristotle | |||
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| x Metaphysics |
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Hans-Georg Gadamer |
Metaphysics investigates principles of reality transcending those of any particular science. Cosmology and ontology are traditional branches of metaphysics. It is concerned with explaining the fundamental nature of being and the world. Someone who...
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| Aristotle | |||
| Arthur Schopenhauer | |||
| Anaximander | |||
| Adam Weishaupt | |||
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| x Epistemology |
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Hans-Georg Gadamer |
Epistemology (from Greek ἐπιστήμη - episteme-, "knowledge, science" + λόγος, "logos") or theory of knowledge is the branch of philosophy concerned with the nature and scope (limitations) of knowledge. It addresses the questions:
Much of the debate...
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| Bertrand Russell | |||
| A.J. Ayer | |||
| Adam Weishaupt | |||
| Baruch Spinoza | |||
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| x Language |
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Hans-Georg Gadamer |
A language is a system for encoding and decoding information. In its most common use, the term refers to so-called "natural languages" — the forms of communication considered peculiar to humankind. In linguistics the term is extended to refer to the...
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| Protagoras | |||
| Martin Heidegger | |||
| Antisthenes | |||
| David Kellogg Lewis | |||
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| x Ontology |
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Hans-Georg Gadamer |
Ontology (from the Greek ὄν, genitive ὄντος: of being (neuter participle of εἶναι: to be) and -λογία, -logia: science, study, theory) is the philosophical study of the nature of being, existence or reality in general, as well as of the basic...
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| Ivo Urbančič | |||
| Empedocles | |||
| Friedrich Nietzsche | |||
| William of Ockham | |||
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| x Philosophy of science | Bertrand Russell |
The philosophy of science is concerned with the assumptions, foundations, and implications of science. The field is defined by an interest in one of a set of "traditional" problems or an interest in central or foundational concerns in science. In...
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| A.J. Ayer | |||
| Daniel Dennett | |||
| Karl Popper | |||
| Rudolf Steiner | |||
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| x Mathematics |
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Bertrand Russell |
Mathematics is the science and study of quantity, structure, space, and change. Mathematicians seek out patterns, formulate new conjectures, and establish truth by rigorous deduction from appropriately chosen axioms and definitions.
There is debate...
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| Archimedes | |||
| Democritus | |||
| Edmund Husserl | |||
| George Berkeley | |||
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| x Logic | Bertrand Russell |
Logic, from the Greek λογική (logiké) is the art and science of reasoning. More specifically, it is defined by the Penguin Encyclopedia to be "The formal systematic study of the principles of valid inference and correct reasoning". As a discipline,...
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| Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel | |||
| Ludwig Wittgenstein | |||
| Thomas Aquinas | |||
| William of Ockham | |||
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| x Philosophy of language |
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Bertrand Russell |
Philosophy of language is the reasoned inquiry into the nature, origins, and usage of language. As a topic, the philosophy of language for analytic philosophers is concerned with four central problems: the nature of meaning, language use, language...
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| Noam Chomsky | |||
| A.J. Ayer | |||
| George Berkeley | |||
| George Edward Moore | |||
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| x Psychology |
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Noam Chomsky |
Psychology (lit. "study of the mind", from Greek: ψυχή psukhē "breath, spirit, soul"; and -λογία, -logia "study of") is an academic and applied discipline involving the systematic systematic, and often scientific, study of human or animal mental...
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| Arthur Schopenhauer | |||
| Friedrich Nietzsche | |||
| Maurice Merleau-Ponty | |||
| Søren Kierkegaard | |||
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| x Linguistics |
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Noam Chomsky |
Linguistics is the scientific study of natural language. Linguistics encompasses a number of sub-fields. An important topical division is between the study of language structure (grammar) and the study of meaning (semantics and pragmatics). Grammar...
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| Claude Lévi-Strauss | |||
| Ferdinand de Saussure | |||
| Peter Ludlow | |||
| Christian Jakob Kraus | |||
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| x Philosophy of mind |
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Noam Chomsky |
Philosophy of mind is a branch of modern analytic philosophy that studies the nature of the mind, mental events, mental functions, mental properties, consciousness and their relationship to the physical body, particularly the brain. The mind-body...
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| David Hume | |||
| Daniel Dennett | |||
| Friedrich Hayek | |||
| John Locke | |||
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| x Kinship |
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Claude Lévi-Strauss |
Kinship is a relationship between any entities that share a genealogical origin, through either biological, cultural, or historical descent. In anthropology the kinship system includes people related both by descent and marriage, while usage in...
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| x Anthropology |
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Claude Lévi-Strauss |
Anthropology (pronounced /ænθrɵˈpɒlədʒi/, from the Greek ἄνθρωπος, anthrōpos, "human", and -λογία, -logia, "discourse", first use in English: 1593) is the study of human beings, everywhere and throughout time.
Anthropology has its intellectual...
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| Ernest Gellner | |||
| x Society |
|
Claude Lévi-Strauss |
Society or human society is the manner or condition in which the members of a community live together for their mutual benefit. By extension, society denotes the people of a region or country, sometimes even the world, taken as a whole.
Used in the...
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| Kazi Nazrul Islam | |||
| René Guénon | |||
| x Semiotics |
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Ferdinand de Saussure |
Semiotics, also called semiotic studies or semiology, is the study of sign processes (semiosis), or signification and communication, signs and symbols, into three branches:
Semiotics is frequently seen as having important anthropological dimensions,...
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| Sebastian Shaumyan | |||
| Roland Barthes | |||
| Félix Guattari | |||
| x Natural philosophy |
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Diogenes Apolloniates |
Natural philosophy or the philosophy of nature (from Latin philosophia naturalis), is a term applied to the study of nature and the physical universe that was dominant before the development of modern science. It is considered to be the precursor of...
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| Strato of Lampsacus | |||
| Miura Baien | |||
| Anaxagoras | |||
| x Global justice |
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Thomas Pogge |
Global justice is an issue in political philosophy arising from the concern that "we do not live in a just world."
The broader philosophical context of the global justice debate, in both its contemporary and historical forms, is the issue of...
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| x Cosmopolitanism | Thomas Pogge |
Cosmopolitanism is the idea that all of humanity belongs to a single community, possibly based on a shared morality. This is contrasted with communitarian theories, in particular the ideologies of patriotism and nationalism. Cosmopolitanism may...
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| Charles Taylor | |||
| x René Descartes |
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Larry Nolan |
René Descartes (French pronunciation: [ʁəne dekaʁt]), (31 March 1596 – 11 February 1650), also known as Renatus Cartesius (Latinized form), was a French philosopher, mathematician, physicist, and writer who spent most of his adult life in the Dutch...
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| Jean-Luc Marion | |||
| x Political philosophy |
|
Alexis de Tocqueville |
Political philosophy is the study of city, government, politics, liberty, justice, property, rights, law, and the enforcement of a legal code by authority: what they are, why (or even if) they are needed, what makes a government legitimate, what...
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| Adam Smith | |||
| David Hume | |||
| Friedrich Hayek | |||
| Johann Gottlieb Fichte | |||
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| x Sociology |
|
Alexis de Tocqueville |
Sociology is the scientific or systematic study of human societies. It is a branch of social science (with which it is informally synonymous) that uses various methods of empirical investigation and critical analysis to develop and refine a body of...
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| Theodor W. Adorno | |||
| Karl Korsch | |||
| Zygmunt Bauman | |||
| Max Scheler | |||
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| x Pseudoscience |
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Alfred Jarry |
Pseudoscience is a methodology, belief, or practice that is claimed to be scientific, or that is made to appear to be scientific, but which does not adhere to an appropriate scientific methodology, lacks supporting evidence or plausibility, or...
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