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| x name | x image | x Jurisdiction | x Judges | x article | |
| x Judge | x From date | ||||
| x Supreme Court of the United States |
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United States | John Roberts | Sep 29, 2005 |
The Supreme Court of the United States is the highest judicial body in the United States, and leads the federal judiciary. It consists of the Chief Justice of the United States and eight Associate Justices, who are nominated by the President and...
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| John Paul Stevens | Dec 19, 1975 | ||||
| Clarence Thomas | Oct 23, 1991 | ||||
| Ruth Bader Ginsburg | Aug 10, 1993 | ||||
| Sandra Day O'Connor | Sep 25, 1981 | ||||
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| x High Court of Australia |
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Australia |
The High Court of Australia is the highest court in the Australian court hierarchy and the final court of appeal in Australia. It has both original and appellate jurisdiction, has the power of judicial review over laws passed by the Parliament of...
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| x Supreme Court of Victoria |
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Victoria |
The Supreme Court of Victoria is the superior court for the State of Victoria, Australia. It was founded in 1852, and is a superior court of common law and equity, with unlimited jurisdiction within the state. Those courts lying below it include the...
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| x United States district court |
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The 94 United States district courts are the general trial courts of the United States federal court system. Both civil and criminal cases are filed in the district court, which is a court of law, equity, and admiralty. There is a United States...
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| x High Court of Justice |
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Frank Merriman, 1st Baron Merriman |
The High Court of Justice (usually known simply as the High Court) is, together with the Crown Court and the Court of Appeal, one of the Senior Courts of England and Wales. It is also known as the High Court of England and Wales and abbreviated by...
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| x Court of Appeal of England and Wales |
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The Court of Appeal of England and Wales is the second most senior court in the English legal system, with only the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom above it.
The Court is divided into two Divisions: the Civil Division and the Criminal Division....
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| x Supreme Court of Canada |
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Canada | Marshall Rothstein | Feb 23, 2006 |
The Supreme Court of Canada (French: Cour suprême du Canada) is the highest court of Canada and is the final court of appeal in the Canadian justice system. The court grants permission to between 40 and 75 litigants each year to appeal decisions...
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| John C. Major | |||||
| Beverley McLachlin | Jan 7, 2000 | ||||
| Ian Binnie | |||||
| Morris Fish | |||||
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| x United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit |
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Ruth Bader Ginsburg | Jun 30, 1980 |
The United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit (in case citations, D.C. Cir.) known informally as the D.C. Circuit, is the federal appellate court for the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia. Appeals from the D...
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| x Supreme Court of Virginia |
The Supreme Court of Virginia is the highest court in the Commonwealth of Virginia. It primarily hears appeals from the trial-level city and county Circuit Courts, as well as the criminal law, family law and administrative law cases that go through...
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| x Oregon Supreme Court |
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Oregon |
The Oregon Supreme Court (OSC) is the highest state court in the U.S. state of Oregon. The only court that may reverse or modify a decision of the Oregon Supreme Court is the Supreme Court of the United States. The OSC holds court at the Oregon...
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| x Crown Court |
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The Crown Court of England and Wales is, together with the High Court of Justice and the Court of Appeal, one of the constituent parts of the Senior Courts of England and Wales. It is the higher court of first instance in criminal cases; however,...
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| x International Criminal Court |
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The International Criminal Court (French: Cour Pénale Internationale; commonly referred to as the ICC or ICCt) is a permanent tribunal to prosecute individuals for genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes, and the crime of aggression (although...
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| x International Court of Justice |
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The International Court of Justice (French: Cour internationale de justice; commonly referred to as the World Court or ICJ) is the primary judicial organ of the United Nations. It is based in the Peace Palace in The Hague, Netherlands. Its main...
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| x European Court of Justice |
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The Court of Justice is the branch of the Court of Justice of the European Union tasked with interpreting EU law and ensuring its equal application across all EU member states. The Court was established in 1952 and is based in Luxembourg. It is...
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| x Supreme Court of India | India |
The Supreme Court of India is the highest court of the land as established by Part V, Chapter IV of the Constitution of India. According to the Constitution of India, the role of the Supreme Court is that of a federal court, guardian of the...
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| x Court of Session |
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Scotland |
The Court of Session is the supreme civil court of Scotland, and constitutes part of the College of Justice. It sits in Parliament House in Edinburgh and is both a court of first instance and a court of appeal.
The court has a largely coextensive...
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| x Court of Chancery |
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Wales |
The High Court of Chancery was the court that developed from the Lord Chancellor's jurisdiction. Unlike the courts of law, which were rigidly based on formal causes of action, the Lord Chancellor had jurisdiction to determine cases, on behalf of the...
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| England | |||||
| x Supreme Court of Pakistan |
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Pakistan |
The Supreme Court (Urdu: عدالت عظمیٰ) is the apex court in Pakistan's judicial hierarchy, the final arbiter of legal and constitutional disputes. The Supreme Court has a permanent seat in Islamabad. It has number of Branch Registries where cases are...
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| x Supreme Court of New South Wales |
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New South Wales |
The Supreme Court of New South Wales is the highest state court of the Australian State of New South Wales (other than the Court of Appeal and Court of Criminal Appeal, both of which are constituted by members of the Supreme Court, in the case of...
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| x Federal Court of Australia |
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Australia |
The Federal Court of Australia is an Australian superior court of record which has jurisdiction to deal with most civil disputes governed by federal law (with the exception of family law matters), along with some summary criminal matters. Cases are...
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| x Supreme Court of California |
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California | Joyce L. Kennard | 1989 |
The Supreme Court of California is the state supreme court of that jurisdiction. It is headquartered in San Francisco, and regularly holds sessions at its branch offices in Los Angeles and Sacramento. Its decisions are binding on all other...
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| Ming Chin | 1996 | ||||
| Marvin R. Baxter | 1991 | ||||
| Carlos Moreno | 2001 | ||||
| Kathryn Werdegar | 1994 | ||||
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| x European Court of Human Rights |
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The European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) (French: Cour européenne des droits de l’homme) in Strasbourg is an international judicial body established under the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) of 1950 to monitor respect of human rights by...
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| x Permanent Court of Arbitration |
The Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA), is an international organization based in The Hague in the Netherlands.
It was established in 1899 as one of the acts of the first Hague Peace Conference, which makes it the oldest institution for...
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| x United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit |
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The U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit (in case citations, 9th Cir.) is a U.S. Federal Court with appellate jurisdiction over the district courts in the following districts:
It also has appellate jurisdiction over the following territorial...
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| x Federal Supreme Court of Switzerland | Switzerland |
The Federal Supreme Court of Switzerland (German: Bundesgericht; French: Tribunal fédéral; Italian: Tribunale federale; Romansh: Tribunal federal) is the supreme court of Switzerland. It is located in Lausanne.
According to the Constitution of...
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| x United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit | Sonia Sotomayor | Oct 7, 1998 |
The United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit (in case citations, 2d Cir.) is one of the thirteen United States Courts of Appeals. Its territory comprises the states of Connecticut, New York, and Vermont, and the court has appellate...
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| x New York Court of Appeals |
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New York |
The New York Court of Appeals is the highest court in the U.S. state of New York. The Court of Appeals consists of seven judges: the Chief Judge and six associate judges which are appointed by the Governor to 14-year terms. The Chief Judge of the...
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| x New Jersey Supreme Court |
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New Jersey |
The New Jersey Supreme Court is the highest court in the U.S. state of New Jersey. It has existed in three different forms under the three different state constitutions since the independence of the state in 1776. The main difference between the...
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| x Arches Court |
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Province of Canterbury |
The Arches Court, presided over by the Dean of Arches, is an ecclesiastical court of the Church of England covering the Province of Canterbury. Its equivalent in the Province of York is the Chancery Court.
The Court of Arches is the provincial court...
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| x Supreme Court of Chile |
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Chile |
The Supreme Court of Chile is the highest court in Chile. It also administrates the lower courts in the nation. It is located in the capital Santiago.
In the Chilean system, the court lacks the broader power of judicial review — it cannot set...
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| x Oklahoma Supreme Court |
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Oklahoma |
The Supreme Court of Oklahoma is one of the two highest judicial bodies in the U.S. state of Oklahoma and leads the Oklahoma Court System, the judicial branch of the government of Oklahoma.
The court consists of the Chief Justice of Oklahoma, a Vice...
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| x Federal Court of Canada | Canada |
The Federal Court of Canada was a national court of Canada that heard some types of disputes arising under the central government's legislative jurisdiction. The Court — which is now defunct — consisted of two divisions, a Trial Division and an...
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| x Minnesota Supreme Court |
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Minnesota |
The Minnesota Supreme Court is the highest court in the U.S. state of Minnesota and consists of seven members. The court was first assembled as a three-judge panel in 1849 when Minnesota was still a territory. The first members were lawyers from...
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| x Tennessee Supreme Court | Tennesee |
The Tennessee Supreme Court is the state supreme court of the state of Tennessee. Janice Holder is the current Chief Justice.
Unlike other states, in which the state attorney general is directly elected or appointed by the governor or state...
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| x Texas Supreme Court |
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Texas |
The Texas Supreme Court is the court of last resort for non-criminal matters (including juvenile delinquency which the law considers to be a civil matter and not criminal) in the state of Texas. A different court, the Texas Court of Criminal Appeals...
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| x Washington Supreme Court |
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Washington |
The Washington Supreme Court is the highest court in the judiciary of the U.S. state of Washington. The Court is composed of a Chief Justice and eight Justices. Members of the Court are elected to six-year terms. Justices must retire at the age of...
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| x Florida Supreme Court |
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Florida | Joseph B. Lancaster | 1848 |
The Supreme Court of the State of Florida is the state supreme court of the U.S. state of Florida. Established upon statehood in 1845, the court is headquartered across the street from the state capitol in Tallahassee.
Throughout the court's history...
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| x United States circuit court |
The United States circuit courts were the original intermediate level courts of the United States federal court system. They were established by the Judiciary Act of 1789. They had trial court jurisdiction over civil suits of diversity jurisdiction...
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| x Vermont Supreme Court |
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Vermont | Paul Reiber |
The Vermont Supreme Court is the highest judicial authority of the U.S. state of Vermont and is one of seven state courts of Vermont.
The Court consists of a chief justice and four associate justices; the Court mostly hears appeals of cases that...
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| x United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit |
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The United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit (in case citations, 6th Cir.) is a federal court with appellate jurisdiction over the district courts in the following districts:
The court is composed of sixteen active judges and is based at...
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| x Family Court of Australia |
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Australia |
The Family Court of Australia is a superior Australian federal court of record which deals with family law matters. Together with the Federal Magistrates Court, it covers family law matters in all states and territories of Australia except Western...
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| x Federal Magistrates' Court of Australia | Australia |
The Federal Magistrates Court (also known as the Federal Magistrates Service or the Federal Magistrates Court of Australia) is an Australian court established by the Federal Magistrates Act 1999 (Cth), although its first officers were not appointed...
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| x United States District Court for the District of Vermont |
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The United States District Court for the District of Vermont (in case citations, D. Vt.) is the Federal district court whose jurisdiction is the state of Vermont. The court has locations in Brattleboro, Burlington, and Rutland. The Court was created...
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| x Vancouver Downtown Community Court | |||||
| x Svea Court of Appeal | Sten Rudholm | 1967 |
The Svea Court of Appeal (Svea hovrätt in Swedish), located in Stockholm, is one of six appeal courts in the Swedish legal system. It was founded in 1614 and was the highest court in Sweden until 1789, when the Supreme Court of Sweden was...
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| x New Hampshire Superior Court |
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New Hampshire |
The New Hampshire Superior Court is the statewide court of general jurisdiction which provides jury trials in civil and criminal cases. There are 11 locations of the Superior Court, one for each county and two in Hillsborough County.
The Superior...
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| x New Hampshire Supreme Court |
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The New Hampshire Supreme Court is the supreme court of the U. S. state of New Hampshire and sole appellate court of the state. The Supreme Court is seated in the state capital, Concord. The Court is composed of a Chief Justice and four Associate...
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| x New Hampshire District Court |
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The New Hampshire District Court is the "community court" of the U.S. state of New Hampshire, located in 36 cities and towns. The District Court has jurisdiction over all juvenile matters, domestic violence cases, violation and misdemeanor level...
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| x New Hampshire Probate Court |
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New Hampshire Probate Court in the U.S. state of New Hampshire, is the court which has jurisdiction over trusts, wills, and estates, adoptions, termination of parental rights, name changes, guardianship of incapacitated persons, guardianship of...
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| x Court of the Lord Lyon |
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The Court of the Lord Lyon, also known as the Lyon Court, is a standing court of law which regulates heraldry in Scotland. Like the College of Arms in England it maintains the register of grants of arms, known as the Public Register of All Arms and...
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| x Supreme Court of the Navajo Nation |
The Supreme Court of the Navajo Nation is the highest judicial Native American authority of the Navajo Nation, the largest American Indian nation in the United States. According to Harvard Law School, "the judicial system of the Navajo Nation is the...
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| x United States District Court for the District of New Mexico | Martha Vázquez |
The United States District Court for the District of New Mexico (in case citations, D.N.M.) is the federal district court whose jurisdiction comprises the state of New Mexico. Court is held in Albuquerque, Las Cruces, Las Vegas, Roswell, Santa Fe,...
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| x United States District Court for the Central District of California |
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The U.S. District Court for the Central District of California (in case citations, C.D. Cal.; commonly referred to as the CDCA or CACD) is the U.S. district court serving some 17 million people in southern and central California, making it the...
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| x United States District Court for the Middle District of Pennsylvania |
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The United States District Court for the Middle District of Pennsylvania (in case citations, M.D. Pa.) is district level federal court with jurisdiction over approximately one half of Pennsylvania. The court was created in 1901 by subdividing the...
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| x California Court of Appeal |
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The California Courts of Appeal are the state intermediate appellate courts in the U.S. state of California. The state is geographically divided into six appellate districts. The decisions of the Courts of Appeal are binding on the Superior Courts...
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| x United States District Court for the District of Columbia |
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The United States District Court for the District of Columbia (in case citations, D.D.C.) is the United States district court that hears cases originating in the District of Columbia (Washington, D.C.), over which federal courts have original...
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| x Iowa Supreme Court |
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Iowa | Marsha K. Ternus | 1993 |
The Iowa Supreme Court is the constitutional head of the judicial branch of the U.S. state of Iowa. Justices are appointed by the governor from a list of nominees submitted by the State Judicial Nominating Commission. A justice serves an initial...
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| Mark S. Cady | 1998 | ||||
| Michael J. Streit | 2001 | ||||
| Daryl Hecht | 2006 | ||||
| Brent R. Appel | 2006 | ||||
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| x United States District Court for the Southern District of New York |
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The United States District Court for the Southern District of New York (in case citations, S.D.N.Y.) is a federal district court. Appeals from the Southern District of New York are taken to the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit ...
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| x New York Supreme Court |
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The Supreme Court of the State of New York is New York State's trial court, and is of general jurisdiction. There is a supreme court in each of New York State's 62 counties, although some smaller counties share judges with neighboring counties. All...
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| x Texas Eastern District Court | |||||
